Congress's authority to review a new federal regulation enacted by a regulatory agency and overrule it through a joint resolution justice or justices who agree with the majority's ruling but not the reason behind the decision mandates require states to enforce legislation without the funding necessary the warning that an individual must be read at the time of arrest and questioning, letting him know his 5th and 6th amendment rights

Marble cake means 1930s fed expansion, layer cake means they are supreme in separate areas after listening to constituents, elected representatives vote based on their own opinions constitutional guarantee that everyone be treated equally action by the president that does not require the approval of Congress; subject to judicial review

a device by which any member of the House, after a committee has had a bill for thirty days, may petition to have it brought to the floor; requires 218 votes party members vote to nominate their candidate for the general election allows the government to take private property for public use, as long as just compensation is paid agreement at the constitutional convention that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House of Representatives and for taxation

an agreement by every senator to the terms of debate on a given piece of legislation a primary election in which an individual does not have to be a registered voter in a particular party to vote for candidates of that party a method of evaluating candidates in which voters focus on candidates' positions on issues important to them and vote for the candidates who best represent their views a presidential appointment made when Congress is not in session; doesn't require immediate confirmation

the president can reject a portion of a bill while approving the rest; declared unconstitutional belief that a person can influence politics and public policymaking traditional majority power maintains power based on voters' party loyalty tests the public reaction to policy or appointments by releasing information to the media and gauging public reaction