Predestination Indulgences St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre Index of Prohibited Books

A list of Books, created by the Catholic Church, that supported Protestantism or that were overly critical of the Church were banned. Possession could be severe. the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648. Marked the end of Europe's religious wars, amended the Augsburg agreement, and weakened the holy Roman emperor Catholics defeated the Protestants and reestablished Catholicism (bohemian phase) Calvinist belief that God long ago determined who would gain salvation

In 1500s to 1600s about 50 thousand women were killed for being witches. Caused by patriarchal beliefs (women are too weak to resist the devil) Catherine de Medici had thousands of Protestants killed at Henry of Navarre's wedding Aimed to reform the church and reconcile with Protestants. They cracked down on corruption and created a spiritual reawakening. the buying and selling of church offices

Land ownership important, wealth important, religion, and patriarchy (less in rural areas) Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand 2nd shut down several lutheran churches in Bohemia. They then threw those officials out of a window. favoritism to relatives called by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1521. Luther was ordered to recant but he refused. Charles V declared Luther an outlaw.

Massacre of Vassy Index of Prohibited Books Massacre of Vassy Battle of White Mountain (1620)