The republic in England established by Oliver Cromwell, though in reality, it was a military dictatorship Jean Colbert, king Louis 14th’s finance minister implemented mercantilist policies to reduce France’s debt, improve domestic industry, expand colonial holdings, and created a favorable balance of trade. King Louis 14 wars undid these improvement Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd. A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.

Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell Visited Europe and convinced Russia needed to westernize and that he wanted to consolidate power for himself. Political reform, religious reform, cultural reform. To pay for the reforms, he tripled taxes so the peasants hated him Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil Oliver Cromwell captured King Charles I and did away with political opposition in parliament, and then had King Charles beheaded.

Nations who expanded their military found themselves on the winning side of balance of power. Started an arms race as France, Sweden and others rapidly expanded their military after the 30 years war Rebellion of French nobles against cardinal mazarin, who was consolidating state power and taking away from the nobles. The Fronde threw France into chaos and cardinal mazarin eventually prevailed. The people realized they needed strong king Visited Europe and convinced Russia needed to westernize and that he wanted to consolidate power for himself. Political reform, religious reform, cultural reform. To pay for the reforms, he tripled taxes so the peasants hated him Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system

King Louis the 14th repealed the edict of Nantes Jean Colbert's mercantilist policies English Bill of Rights (1689) Triangle Trade

Hugenots flee France The fronde Triennial Act (1641) mechanical hoe