The idea that human beings, just by virtue of being human, possess rights like life liberty and property Middle and upper classes had more income, rise in demand for goods increased. People began wanting larger homes and more privacy and new venues for leisure A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy. Similar ideas to John Locke. Idea of the social contract Every body in the galaxy circled around the earth, including the sun. This was the Catholic Churches view and presumed model of the universe in midevil europe

Voltaire argued that there was a god, but god didn’t intervene in human affairs. Challenged the geocentric model of the universe through mathematics and put forward the heliocentric model, where everything orbits the sun. Frederick the great of Prussia: tried to help the people. Increased freedoms of press and speech to weaken the nobility and strengthen his power. Rejected the humoral theory and claimed that chemical imbalances caused disease, meaning chemical remedies could be used to cure people.

private drawing rooms where wealthy Parisian women would have intellectual discussions with aristocrats Enlightenment thinkers applied new methods of reasoning to politics, and human institutions There is no morality in the state of nature. You need government to order the chaos of nature Voltaire argued that there was a god, but god didn’t intervene in human affairs.

Charter of towns 1792 Geocentric model of the universe Enlightenment views of religion Contagious Diseases Act

Most famous French philosopher. Produced many works that criticized social and religious institutions of France. Supported religious tolerance, natural rights, but didn’t believe in democracy, only enlightened absolutism Collaborated with other enlightened thinkers to edit and publish an encyclopedia that contained a rational explanation for everything. Using general principles to determine specific consitions In the later 1700s, the nature and subject of art shifted from state and religious themes to themes that appealed to bourgeoisie society