16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her

Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.

Facilitated the migration of black people to africa Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army. The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts

Panic of 1893 Booker T. Washington NAWSA Knights of labor