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How did the Enlightenment affect American-British relations?
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The Enlightenment made many Americans think that they were really quite close to the British. Writers on both sides could publish their ideas on newspapers which were carried across the Atlantic Ocean, and citizens could debate them in spaces like taverns. By developing and thinking in tandem, many felt a sense of kinship and improving cultural relations with the British.
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Pennsylvania Charter of Liberties
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Among the more permissive of colonial constitutions in British North America, the document guaranteed religious freedom, strengthened the separation of church and state, granted popularly-elected officials the ability to enact laws, and balanced power between the offices of the governor, legislature, and judiciary. It was enacted after William Penn relinquished some power due to British sentiment.
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Salutary Neglect
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British colonial policy during the reigns of George I and George II. Relaxed supervision of internal colonial affairs by royal bureaucrats contributed significantly to the rise of American self government
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How did Virginia's development differ from that of Pennsylvania?
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Virginia's colonies were more spread out, causing institutions to develop more slowly than in Pennsylvania. This is in part because William Penn encouraged people to only buy as much land as they needed, rather than be granted large swathes of lands such that people were far apart.
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What were the three types of British colonies?
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Proprietary/Charter, Royal, and Joint-Stock
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What were the three types of British colonies?
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Proprietary/Charter, Royal, and Joint-Stock
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How did the Europeans change and influence Native lives?
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Apart from affecting Native lives through deaths due to disease and relocation away from European encroachment, the Europeans introduced new technologies that the Natives would become dependent on, such as fishhooks, axes, guns, woven cloth, and metal kettles.
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Explain Native responses to European encroachment in the 17th century.
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While there were examples of Natives helping Europeans such as with Jamestown in its early stages, responses were mixed.
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How was the Great Awakening of the 1730s-1770s a "dress rehearsal" for the American Revolution?
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The Great Awakening provided a safe space where the American identity was reinforced and elites could be criticized in large, public meetings.
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George Whitefield
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English clergyman who was known for his ability to convince many people through his sermons. He involved himself in the Great Awakening in 1739 preaching his belief in gaining salvation.
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Jonathan Edwards
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Preacher during the First Great Awakening; "Sinners in the hands of angry god"
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War of Jenkin's Ear (1739)
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Land squabble between Britain and Spain over Georgia and trading rights. Battles took place in the Caribbean and on the Florida/Georgia border. The name comes from a British captain named Jenkins, whose ear was cut off by the Spanish. It would merge with the War of Austrian Succession.
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Stono Rebellion (1739)
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The most serious slave rebellion in the the colonial period; inspired in part by Spanish officials' promise of freedom for American slaves who escaped to Florida. People beat drums, marched, and burned plantations after stealing arms from a store.
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Manon Lescaut (1731)
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Depicted New World prostitution, deaths of exposure, etc., which influenced French opinion that New France was full of criminals and outcasts. By 1760, there were 64,041 people in New France compared to 1,593,625 colonists.
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What was the Battle of Jumonville Glen? (May 1754)
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Named after a killed Frenchman, the battle was a successful and quick surprise attack led by George Washington with the assistance of Native Americans on the French. It started the French and Indian war. While it is not completely known what happened, the French depicted the killing of Jumonville Glen by a Native ally as a war crime by George Washington.
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Battle of Fort Necessity
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Building a shoddy log cabin which was easily surrounded by hundreds of French and Native allies, George Washington was forced to surrender and sign a document which he could not read, "proving" that he was a war criminal regarding killing Jumonville Glen. The British swallowed the defeat and would send regular regiments instead of green regiments. Fort Necessity showed the necessity of taking the war seriously.
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How did the French and Indian war affect American politics?
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The colonies tried to unite with the Albany Plan of Union in 1754 at the Albany Congress. However, Parliament disapproved of their loose confederacy with a president general and limited central treasury tax authority.
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Who were the Cajuns and Acadians?
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The Acadians were French settlers in Nova Scotia and the Cajuns were what they were called when they escaped to Louisiana.
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Robert Roger's Rangers
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They used guerilla tactics, foreshadowing the use in the American Revolution.
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Robert Roger's Rangers
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They used guerilla tactics, foreshadowing the use in the American Revolution.
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Who were the Paxton boys and how did Native relations affect Pennsylvania?
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The Paxton boys lied to incite vigilante violence against the Natives in a time of tribal political upheaval after the French and Indian war. Around this time the pacifist Quakers resigned from holding high political positions, and local officials refused to prosecute the Paxton boys.
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Explain how British attempts to recoup the costs of the French and Indian war affected American politics
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The British would implement a series of policies which would lead to much resentment.
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Explain American responses to British policies after the French and Indian war.
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The Royal Proclamation of 1763 led to plenty of outrage.
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Richard Henry Lee
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A member of the Philadelphia Congress during the late 1770's. On June 7, 1776 he declared, "These United colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states." This resolution was the start of the Declaration of Independence and end to British relations.
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Eliza Wilkinson & Judith Sargent Murray
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They pushed for more male-female equality in the wake of the American Revolution.
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Land Ordinance of 1784
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Carved up regions to be settled, run by the federal government, then turned into states.
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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Sold 640 acres for $1. Price led to people ignoring it.
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NW Ordinances of 1787
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Created states with equal political participation for an "Empire of Liberty." Recognized Native land to avoid war. Banned slavery (ineffective).
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U.S. History
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