Brown v. Board of Education ruling
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students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
Engel v. Vitale facts Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
Shaw v. Reno impact claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
Marbury v. Madison question
New York Times v. US facts The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling unanimous for McCulloch, the federal government has implied powers, states can't tax a federal institution
Does banning the wearing of armbands in public school, as a form of protest, violate the students' freedom of speech guaranteed in the First Amendment?
14th amendment equal protection clause
Roe v. Wade ruling 7:2 for Roe, women have the right to an abortion
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Brown v. Board of Education clause 14th amendment equal protection clause
US v. Lopez ruling 5:4 for Lopez, the state cannot regulate guns on school property under the commerce clause
New York Times v. US impact
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
Wisconsin v. Yoder impact
McDonald v. Chicago facts The Chicago system for obtaining gun permits was so annoying that it was almost impossible to obtain one. McDonald sued Chicago for violating his 2nd amendment rights (2010)
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
used as precedent to declare the cap on campaign funding unconstitutional, now money=free speech
states cannot infringe on the right to bear arms
McDonald v. Chicago clause 2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
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Baker v. Carr facts In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
Does the Texas laws banning abortions violate the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment and a woman's constitutional right to an abortion?
For religious reasons Amish families refused to send their children to high school citing a religious exemption, violating a Wisconsin law and were fined. They sued the state for violating their freedom of religion (1972)
Baker v. Carr question Can the supreme court rule on issues of legislative districts?
Marbury v. Madison clause
Gideon v. Wainwright facts Gideon was convicted for a felony in florida where there were no state laws protecting right to an attorney. in prison he researched law and sued citing violations of his 6th amendment rights (1963)
Baker v. Carr ruling
Engel v. Vitale impact School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
McCulloch v. Maryland clause necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause
US v. Lopez facts
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McDonald v. Chicago question Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
Schenck v. US facts
Shaw v. Reno ruling
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Gideon v. Wainwright clause 6th amendment, right to an attorney
Wisconsin v. Yoder facts For religious reasons Amish families refused to send their children to high school citing a religious exemption, violating a Wisconsin law and were fined. They sued the state for violating their freedom of religion (1972)
Under the commerce clause, does congress have the power to regulate guns near schools?
McDonald v. Chicago facts
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Shaw v. Reno clause 14th amendment equal protection clause
Baker v. Carr impact
McCulloch v. Maryland question Does the federal government have implied powers?
Schenck v. US ruling unanimous for US, Schenck's encouragement of draft dodging was a clear and present danger
Schenck v. US impact until it was overturned decades later, Schenck v. US was used to uphold the Espionage Act, causing many other convictions
BCRA law banned Citizens United from showing an ad they made casting Hilary Clinton in a negative light calling it "electioneering" and thus against the BCRA. Citizens United appealed that the ad fell under their right to free speech and thus the BCRA was unconstitutional (2010)
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
Tinker v. Des Moines question
Baker v. Carr question Can the supreme court rule on issues of legislative districts?
Brown v. Board of Education impact overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
New York Times v. US ruling 6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
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appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
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Baker v. Carr clause
New York Times v. US impact protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
New York Times v. US question can the executive branch block the publication of classified government documents without violating the first amendment freedom of press clause?
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
Engel v. Vitale clause
religion trumps schooling
Roe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life, Roe sued "on behalf of all women" (1973)
In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
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