Engel v. Vitale ruling
6:1 for Engel, since it was a public school, it does violate the establishment clause
5:4 for Shaw, factoring race into redistricting is unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education impact
overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
McCulloch v. Maryland question
Does the federal government have implied powers?
Engel v. Vitale impact
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
BCRA law banned Citizens United from showing an ad they made casting Hilary Clinton in a negative light calling it "electioneering" and thus against the BCRA. Citizens United appealed that the ad fell under their right to free speech and thus the BCRA was unconstitutional (2010)
McDonald v. Chicago clause
2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
Schenck v. US facts
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
Roe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life, Roe sued "on behalf of all women" (1973)
US v. Lopez facts
Lopez, a senior brought a gun to his public high school, illegal under the federal Gun Free School Zones Act. He was arrested and tried in federal court. He sued saying that regulation on state property (schools) was state business. (1995)
Schenck v. US question
Did Schenck's conviction under the Espionage Act for criticizing the draft violate his freedom of speech?
New York Times v. US clause
1st amendment freedom of press
Do state school segregation laws violate the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment?
14th amendment equal protection clause
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
Marbury v. Madison question
Do the plaintiffs have a right to their commissions?
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
Tinker v. Des Moines clause
Marbury v. Madison ruling
4:0 for Marbury, kinda. Marbury does deserve his commision, but SCOTUS shouldn't have heard the case first
established judicial review
New York Times v. US ruling
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
unanimous for McCulloch, the federal government has implied powers, states can't tax a federal institution
used as precedent to declare the cap on campaign funding unconstitutional, now money=free speech
Tinker v. Des Moines question
Does banning the wearing of armbands in public school, as a form of protest, violate the students' freedom of speech guaranteed in the First Amendment?
Shaw v. Reno clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
Roe v. Wade impact
Does the 6th Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extend to defendants in state courts, even in cases in which the death penalty is not at issue?
McCulloch v. Maryland clause
Baker v. Carr ruling
6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
