Citizens United v. FEC question
Does a law that limits the ability of corporations and labor unions to spend their own money to advocate the election or defeat of a candidate violate the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech?
Gideon v. Wainwright ruling
unanimous for Gideon, the right to an attorney applies to felony cases
Engel v. Vitale clause
1st Amendment Establishment Clause
Schenck v. US clause
1st Amendment freedom of speech
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
Schenck v. US facts
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
Gideon v. Wainwright impact
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent in a state felony case
New York Times v. US question
can the executive branch block the publication of classified government documents without violating the first amendment freedom of press clause?
Shaw v. Reno impact
Baker v. Carr clause
Tinker v. Des Moines impact
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
established supremacy of federal laws and the implied powers of congress
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
establishes One Person-One Vote principle which expands the rights of minorities
Wisconsin v. Yoder facts
For religious reasons Amish families refused to send their children to high school citing a religious exemption, violating a Wisconsin law and were fined. They sued the state for violating their freedom of religion (1972)
14th amendment equal protection clause
Schenck v. US impact
until it was overturned decades later, Schenck v. US was used to uphold the Espionage Act, causing many other convictions
McDonald v. Chicago ruling
5:4 for McDonald, the right to bear arms applies to the states
Roe v. Wade impact
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
Wisconsin v. Yoder clause
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
Citizens United v. FEC clause
Brown v. Board of Education facts
Brown v. Board of Education question
Do state school segregation laws violate the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment?
Marbury V. Madison impact
Engel v. Vitale ruling
6:1 for Engel, since it was a public school, it does violate the establishment clause
Does the federal government have implied powers?
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
7:0 for Yoder, forcing people to go to school despite a religious disagreement violated the free exercise clause
Marbury v. Madison ruling
4:0 for Marbury, kinda. Marbury does deserve his commision, but SCOTUS shouldn't have heard the case first
