Does a law that limits the ability of corporations and labor unions to spend their own money to advocate the election or defeat of a candidate violate the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech?
Schenck v. US impact
until it was overturned decades later, Schenck v. US was used to uphold the Espionage Act, causing many other convictions
Baker v. Carr impact
establishes One Person-One Vote principle which expands the rights of minorities
McCulloch v. Maryland question
Does the federal government have implied powers?
Tinker v. Des Moines impact
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
Shaw v. Reno clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
McDonald v. Chicago clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
Marbury v. Madison question
Do the plaintiffs have a right to their commissions?
Under the commerce clause, does congress have the power to regulate guns near schools?
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
Marbury v. Madison clause
appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
Roe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life, Roe sued "on behalf of all women" (1973)
Shaw v. Reno impact
Baker v. Carr clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
1st Amendment freedom of speech
Marbury v. Madison ruling
4:0 for Marbury, kinda. Marbury does deserve his commision, but SCOTUS shouldn't have heard the case first
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
McDonald v. Chicago question
Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
Shaw v. Reno ruling
Citizens United v. FEC clause
US v. Lopez ruling
5:4 for Lopez, the state cannot regulate guns on school property under the commerce clause
Baker v. Carr facts
In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
Tinker v. Des Moines ruling
unanimous for Gideon, the right to an attorney applies to felony cases
Engel v. Vitale clause
1st Amendment Establishment Clause
Engel v. Vitale question
Marbury V. Madison impact
established judicial review
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
