appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
Shaw v. Reno impact
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
Does the Texas laws banning abortions violate the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment and a woman's constitutional right to an abortion?
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Citizens United v. FEC question
Does a law that limits the ability of corporations and labor unions to spend their own money to advocate the election or defeat of a candidate violate the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech?
Marbury V. Madison impact
established judicial review
Gideon v. Wainwright ruling
unanimous for Gideon, the right to an attorney applies to felony cases
Shaw v. Reno ruling
5:4 for Shaw, factoring race into redistricting is unconstitutional
14th amendment equal protection clause
1st Amendment freedom of speech
New York Times v. US facts
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
New York Times v. US ruling
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
New York Times v. US question
can the executive branch block the publication of classified government documents without violating the first amendment freedom of press clause?
Tinker v. Des Moines question
Does banning the wearing of armbands in public school, as a form of protest, violate the students' freedom of speech guaranteed in the First Amendment?
Schenck v. US facts
Roe v. Wade ruling
7:2 for Roe, women have the right to an abortion
Gideon v. Wainwright question
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
established supremacy of federal laws and the implied powers of congress
Brown v. Board of Education facts
Brown was a student at a Topeka school. She had to travel much farther to the nearest black school than she would to the white one. With support from the NAACP Brown sued (1954
2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
Roe v. Wade impact
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
US v. Lopez ruling
Engel v. Vitale facts
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
US v. Lopez question
Under the commerce clause, does congress have the power to regulate guns near schools?
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent in a state felony case
Does the reading of a nondenominational prayer at the start of the school day violate the establishment clause of the First Amendment?
US v. Lopez impact
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
