Citizens United v. FEC impact
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
McDonald v. Chicago ruling
Engel v. Vitale facts
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
Tinker v. Des Moines facts
Students were suspended for wearing black armbands as a symbol to protest the Vietnam War after being told that wearing the armbands would result in punishment. Their parents sued the school system for violating the students right to free speech (1969)
Citizens United v. FEC question
Brown v. Board of Education question
Do state school segregation laws violate the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment?
Engel v. Vitale clause
1st Amendment Establishment Clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
Marbury v. Madison question
Do the plaintiffs have a right to their commissions?
1st Amendment freedom of speech
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
Gideon v. Wainwright question
Does the 6th Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extend to defendants in state courts, even in cases in which the death penalty is not at issue?
Citizens United v. FEC facts
Shaw v. Reno impact
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
unanimous for Gideon, the right to an attorney applies to felony cases
Marbury v. Madison clause
appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
Marbury V. Madison impact
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Shaw v. Reno question
Does redrawing district lines based solely on race violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment?
Wisconsin v. Yoder impact
religion trumps schooling
McCulloch v. Maryland clause
necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause
US v. Lopez facts
Lopez, a senior brought a gun to his public high school, illegal under the federal Gun Free School Zones Act. He was arrested and tried in federal court. He sued saying that regulation on state property (schools) was state business. (1995)
14th amendment equal protection clause
