Baker v. Carr facts
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
Engel v. Vitale facts
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
Schenck v. US facts
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
McCulloch v. Maryland question
Does the federal government have implied powers?
Marbury V. Madison impact
established judicial review
Shaw v. Reno question
McDonald v. Chicago clause
2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
Roe v. Wade facts
Roe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life, Roe sued "on behalf of all women" (1973)
Gideon v. Wainwright question
Does the 6th Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extend to defendants in state courts, even in cases in which the death penalty is not at issue?
McDonald v. Chicago ruling
5:4 for McDonald, the right to bear arms applies to the states
Wisconsin v. Yoder impact
religion trumps schooling
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
McCulloch v. Maryland clause
necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
Brown v. Board of Education facts
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
Baker v. Carr impact
Schenck v. US question
Did Schenck's conviction under the Espionage Act for criticizing the draft violate his freedom of speech?
New York Times v. US question
can the executive branch block the publication of classified government documents without violating the first amendment freedom of press clause?
Shaw v. Reno impact
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
1st Amendment freedom of speech
Shaw v. Reno clause
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
Engel v. Vitale ruling
6:1 for Engel, since it was a public school, it does violate the establishment clause
New York Times v. US impact
protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
