Schenck v. US ruling
unanimous for US, Schenck's encouragement of draft dodging was a clear and present danger
Baker v. Carr ruling
6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
Shaw v. Reno ruling
Engel v. Vitale impact
Tinker v. Des Moines clause
Wisconsin v. Yoder clause
1st Amendment Free Exercise Clause
established judicial review
Brown v. Board of Education clause
New York Times v. US impact
protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
6th amendment, right to an attorney
Baker v. Carr impact
Schenck v. US question
Did Schenck's conviction under the Espionage Act for criticizing the draft violate his freedom of speech?
Citizens United v. FEC impact
used as precedent to declare the cap on campaign funding unconstitutional, now money=free speech
Marbury v. Madison question
Do the plaintiffs have a right to their commissions?
Baker v. Carr facts
Brown v. Board of Education facts
Citizens United v. FEC clause
1st Amendment freedom of speech
Wisconsin v. Yoder ruling
7:0 for Yoder, forcing people to go to school despite a religious disagreement violated the free exercise clause
Tinker v. Des Moines impact
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
McDonald v. Chicago clause
Schenck v. US facts
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
New York Times v. US facts
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
Shaw v. Reno clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
Roe v. Wade clause
a bunch, 9th implied rights, 14th due process especially
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
New York Times v. US clause
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
Engel v. Vitale question
Does the reading of a nondenominational prayer at the start of the school day violate the establishment clause of the First Amendment?
New York Times v. US question
can the executive branch block the publication of classified government documents without violating the first amendment freedom of press clause?
