New York Times v. US clause
1st amendment freedom of press
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
The Chicago system for obtaining gun permits was so annoying that it was almost impossible to obtain one. McDonald sued Chicago for violating his 2nd amendment rights (2010)
New York Times v. US impact
New York Times v. US facts
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
Gideon v. Wainwright ruling
Gideon v. Wainwright facts
Gideon was convicted for a felony in florida where there were no state laws protecting right to an attorney. in prison he researched law and sued citing violations of his 6th amendment rights (1963)
necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause
Citizens United v. FEC impact
Under the commerce clause, does congress have the power to regulate guns near schools?
1st Amendment Establishment Clause
Roe v. Wade clause
New York Times v. US ruling
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
Wisconsin v. Yoder question
Did Wisconsin's requirement that all parents send their children to school at until age 16 violate the First Amendment's free exercise clause?
Baker v. Carr facts
In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
Schenck v. US ruling
unanimous for US, Schenck's encouragement of draft dodging was a clear and present danger
overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
Citizens United v. FEC ruling
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Shaw v. Reno clause
Schenck v. US clause
Engel v. Vitale facts
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
US v. Lopez facts
Lopez, a senior brought a gun to his public high school, illegal under the federal Gun Free School Zones Act. He was arrested and tried in federal court. He sued saying that regulation on state property (schools) was state business. (1995)
Engel v. Vitale impact
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
unanimous for McCulloch, the federal government has implied powers, states can't tax a federal institution
McDonald v. Chicago clause
Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
Schenck v. US question
Did Schenck's conviction under the Espionage Act for criticizing the draft violate his freedom of speech?
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
