Brown v. Board of Education facts
Brown was a student at a Topeka school. She had to travel much farther to the nearest black school than she would to the white one. With support from the NAACP Brown sued (1954
Brown v. Board of Education impact
overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
Wisconsin v. Yoder question
Did Wisconsin's requirement that all parents send their children to school at until age 16 violate the First Amendment's free exercise clause?
Shaw v. Reno facts
Marbury v. Madison ruling
McDonald v. Chicago impact
Tinker v. Des Moines facts
Students were suspended for wearing black armbands as a symbol to protest the Vietnam War after being told that wearing the armbands would result in punishment. Their parents sued the school system for violating the students right to free speech (1969)
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
New York Times v. US facts
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
The Chicago system for obtaining gun permits was so annoying that it was almost impossible to obtain one. McDonald sued Chicago for violating his 2nd amendment rights (2010)
New York Times v. US clause
5:4 for McDonald, the right to bear arms applies to the states
Engel v. Vitale question
Does the reading of a nondenominational prayer at the start of the school day violate the establishment clause of the First Amendment?
Gideon v. Wainwright facts
Gideon was convicted for a felony in florida where there were no state laws protecting right to an attorney. in prison he researched law and sued citing violations of his 6th amendment rights (1963)
For religious reasons Amish families refused to send their children to high school citing a religious exemption, violating a Wisconsin law and were fined. They sued the state for violating their freedom of religion (1972)
Baker v. Carr question
Can the supreme court rule on issues of legislative districts?
US v. Lopez facts
Shaw v. Reno impact
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
Gideon v. Wainwright question
Does the 6th Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extend to defendants in state courts, even in cases in which the death penalty is not at issue?
2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
Does redrawing district lines based solely on race violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment?
Roe v. Wade impact
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
Marbury v. Madison ruling
Tinker v. Des Moines ruling
7:2 for Tinker, symbolic speech is protected under freedom of speech, students have free speech rights
Citizens United v. FEC clause
1st Amendment freedom of speech
Marbury v. Madison question
Do the plaintiffs have a right to their commissions?
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
