Gideon v. Wainwright clause
6th amendment, right to an attorney
Schenck v. US impact
until it was overturned decades later, Schenck v. US was used to uphold the Espionage Act, causing many other convictions
Citizens United v. FEC ruling
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Brown v. Board of Education clause
Does the 6th Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extend to defendants in state courts, even in cases in which the death penalty is not at issue?
Schenck v. US facts
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
McCulloch v. Maryland clause
Engel v. Vitale question
Baker v. Carr ruling
6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
New York Times v. US facts
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
Roe v. Wade ruling
7:2 for Roe, women have the right to an abortion
US v. Lopez facts
appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
McCulloch v. Maryland question
Does the federal government have implied powers?
14th amendment equal protection clause
New York Times v. US impact
protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
Gideon v. Wainwright facts
Gideon was convicted for a felony in florida where there were no state laws protecting right to an attorney. in prison he researched law and sued citing violations of his 6th amendment rights (1963)
Gideon v. Wainwright impact
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent in a state felony case
Brown was a student at a Topeka school. She had to travel much farther to the nearest black school than she would to the white one. With support from the NAACP Brown sued (1954
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
Baker v. Carr impact
establishes One Person-One Vote principle which expands the rights of minorities
BCRA law banned Citizens United from showing an ad they made casting Hilary Clinton in a negative light calling it "electioneering" and thus against the BCRA. Citizens United appealed that the ad fell under their right to free speech and thus the BCRA was unconstitutional (2010)
Tinker v. Des Moines question
Roe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life, Roe sued "on behalf of all women" (1973)
Roe v. Wade clause
a bunch, 9th implied rights, 14th due process especially
5:4 for Shaw, factoring race into redistricting is unconstitutional
Engel v. Vitale clause
1st Amendment Establishment Clause
US v. Lopez ruling
5:4 for Lopez, the state cannot regulate guns on school property under the commerce clause
