US v. Lopez facts
Lopez, a senior brought a gun to his public high school, illegal under the federal Gun Free School Zones Act. He was arrested and tried in federal court. He sued saying that regulation on state property (schools) was state business. (1995)
BCRA law banned Citizens United from showing an ad they made casting Hilary Clinton in a negative light calling it "electioneering" and thus against the BCRA. Citizens United appealed that the ad fell under their right to free speech and thus the BCRA was unconstitutional (2010)
Brown v. Board of Education clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
Schenck v. US facts
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
Roe v. Wade clause
Roe v. Wade impact
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
Wisconsin v. Yoder question
Did Wisconsin's requirement that all parents send their children to school at until age 16 violate the First Amendment's free exercise clause?
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
McCulloch v. Maryland question
Does the federal government have implied powers?
New York Times v. US impact
protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
Roe v. Wade question
Does the Texas laws banning abortions violate the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment and a woman's constitutional right to an abortion?
Citizens United v. FEC clause
McDonald v. Chicago question
Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
Brown v. Board of Education impact
overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
Wisconsin v. Yoder ruling
Citizens United v. FEC question
New York Times v. US facts
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
US v. Lopez ruling
Tinker v. Des Moines impact
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
US v. Lopez question
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Shaw v. Reno question
Schenck v. US impact
until it was overturned decades later, Schenck v. US was used to uphold the Espionage Act, causing many other convictions
Citizens United v. FEC ruling
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Tinker v. Des Moines ruling
US v. Lopez impact
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
Schenck v. US ruling
unanimous for US, Schenck's encouragement of draft dodging was a clear and present danger
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
