14th amendment equal protection clause
Baker v. Carr impact
Shaw v. Reno ruling
5:4 for Shaw, factoring race into redistricting is unconstitutional
states cannot infringe on the right to bear arms
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
New York Times v. US impact
protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
US v. Lopez question
Under the commerce clause, does congress have the power to regulate guns near schools?
Gideon v. Wainwright impact
McDonald v. Chicago question
Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
US v. Lopez facts
Lopez, a senior brought a gun to his public high school, illegal under the federal Gun Free School Zones Act. He was arrested and tried in federal court. He sued saying that regulation on state property (schools) was state business. (1995)
Baker v. Carr facts
In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
McDonald v. Chicago facts
The Chicago system for obtaining gun permits was so annoying that it was almost impossible to obtain one. McDonald sued Chicago for violating his 2nd amendment rights (2010)
Wisconsin v. Yoder ruling
7:0 for Yoder, forcing people to go to school despite a religious disagreement violated the free exercise clause
Engel v. Vitale ruling
Does redrawing district lines based solely on race violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment?
Tinker v. Des Moines question
Schenck v. US question
Did Schenck's conviction under the Espionage Act for criticizing the draft violate his freedom of speech?
Marbury v. Madison clause
appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
Citizens United v. FEC question
Does a law that limits the ability of corporations and labor unions to spend their own money to advocate the election or defeat of a candidate violate the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech?
14th amendment equal protection clause
Gideon v. Wainwright question
McCulloch v. Maryland question
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
Brown v. Board of Education impact
overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
Wisconsin v. Yoder clause
1st Amendment Free Exercise Clause
New York Times v. US facts
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
McDonald v. Chicago clause
2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
New York Times v. US ruling
