Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
6th amendment, right to an attorney
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
McDonald v. Chicago question
Roe v. Wade facts
Roe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life, Roe sued "on behalf of all women" (1973)
Roe v. Wade question
Does the Texas laws banning abortions violate the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment and a woman's constitutional right to an abortion?
7:2 for Roe, women have the right to an abortion
New York Times v. US impact
protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
McDonald v. Chicago ruling
5:4 for McDonald, the right to bear arms applies to the states
Citizens United v. FEC clause
1st Amendment freedom of speech
Roe v. Wade clause
a bunch, 9th implied rights, 14th due process especially
New York Times v. US ruling
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
Wisconsin v. Yoder question
Gideon v. Wainwright ruling
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
US v. Lopez clause
Commerce Clause
Wisconsin v. Yoder facts
For religious reasons Amish families refused to send their children to high school citing a religious exemption, violating a Wisconsin law and were fined. They sued the state for violating their freedom of religion (1972)
Marbury v. Madison ruling
4:0 for Marbury, kinda. Marbury does deserve his commision, but SCOTUS shouldn't have heard the case first
Wisconsin v. Yoder impact
1st Amendment Establishment Clause
Marbury v. Madison clause
appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
Brown v. Board of Education facts
Brown was a student at a Topeka school. She had to travel much farther to the nearest black school than she would to the white one. With support from the NAACP Brown sued (1954
In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
Citizens United v. FEC impact
Baker v. Carr question
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
established supremacy of federal laws and the implied powers of congress
Baker v. Carr ruling
6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
