Gideon was convicted for a felony in florida where there were no state laws protecting right to an attorney. in prison he researched law and sued citing violations of his 6th amendment rights (1963)
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
US v. Lopez question
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
7:0 for Yoder, forcing people to go to school despite a religious disagreement violated the free exercise clause
Wisconsin v. Yoder impact
religion trumps schooling
Wisconsin v. Yoder clause
1st Amendment Free Exercise Clause
BCRA law banned Citizens United from showing an ad they made casting Hilary Clinton in a negative light calling it "electioneering" and thus against the BCRA. Citizens United appealed that the ad fell under their right to free speech and thus the BCRA was unconstitutional (2010)
Schenck v. US question
Brown v. Board of Education impact
overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
Roe v. Wade ruling
7:2 for Roe, women have the right to an abortion
Wisconsin v. Yoder facts
For religious reasons Amish families refused to send their children to high school citing a religious exemption, violating a Wisconsin law and were fined. They sued the state for violating their freedom of religion (1972)
Baker v. Carr facts
In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
Tinker v. Des Moines ruling
7:2 for Tinker, symbolic speech is protected under freedom of speech, students have free speech rights
Shaw v. Reno ruling
5:4 for Shaw, factoring race into redistricting is unconstitutional
Does the Texas laws banning abortions violate the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment and a woman's constitutional right to an abortion?
Tinker v. Des Moines facts
Students were suspended for wearing black armbands as a symbol to protest the Vietnam War after being told that wearing the armbands would result in punishment. Their parents sued the school system for violating the students right to free speech (1969)
McCulloch v. Maryland clause
necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause
US v. Lopez ruling
5:4 for Lopez, the state cannot regulate guns on school property under the commerce clause
Citizens United v. FEC ruling
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
established supremacy of federal laws and the implied powers of congress
Tinker v. Des Moines clause
free speech clause
Gideon v. Wainwright ruling
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
US v. Lopez impact
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
US v. Lopez clause
Commerce Clause
McDonald v. Chicago clause
2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
