Shaw v. Reno impactclaims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Marbury v. Madison ruling
McDonald v. Chicago question
McDonald v. Chicago factsThe Chicago system for obtaining gun permits was so annoying that it was almost impossible to obtain one. McDonald sued Chicago for violating his 2nd amendment rights (2010)
states cannot infringe on the right to bear arms
US v. Lopez impact
Marbury v. Madison question
Gideon v. Wainwright impactGuaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent in a state felony case
Roe v. Wade impactExtended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
Engel v. Vitale clause1st Amendment Establishment Clause
BCRA law banned Citizens United from showing an ad they made casting Hilary Clinton in a negative light calling it "electioneering" and thus against the BCRA. Citizens United appealed that the ad fell under their right to free speech and thus the BCRA was unconstitutional (2010)
Citizens United v. FEC ruling5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Baker v. Carr ruling6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
New York Times v. US ruling
Citizens United v. FEC questionDoes a law that limits the ability of corporations and labor unions to spend their own money to advocate the election or defeat of a candidate violate the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech?
Baker v. Carr facts
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
Schenck v. US facts
Tinker v. Des Moines factsStudents were suspended for wearing black armbands as a symbol to protest the Vietnam War after being told that wearing the armbands would result in punishment. Their parents sued the school system for violating the students right to free speech (1969)
7:2 for Roe, women have the right to an abortion
established judicial review
Engel v. Vitale factsPublic schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
Baker v. Carr clause14th amendment equal protection clause
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
US v. Lopez factsLopez, a senior brought a gun to his public high school, illegal under the federal Gun Free School Zones Act. He was arrested and tried in federal court. He sued saying that regulation on state property (schools) was state business. (1995)
Tinker v. Des Moines factsStudents were suspended for wearing black armbands as a symbol to protest the Vietnam War after being told that wearing the armbands would result in punishment. Their parents sued the school system for violating the students right to free speech (1969)
Boost!
Boost!
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
Schenck v. US impactuntil it was overturned decades later, Schenck v. US was used to uphold the Espionage Act, causing many other convictions
Shaw v. Reno ruling
Schenck v. US rulingunanimous for US, Schenck's encouragement of draft dodging was a clear and present danger
7:2 for Roe, women have the right to an abortion
Roe v. Wade factsRoe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life, Roe sued "on behalf of all women" (1973)
Frozen!
Frozen!
US v. Lopez clauseCommerce Clause
1st amendment freedom of press
Citizens United v. FEC questionDoes a law that limits the ability of corporations and labor unions to spend their own money to advocate the election or defeat of a candidate violate the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech?
Citizens United v. FEC clause1st Amendment freedom of speech
established supremacy of federal laws and the implied powers of congress
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
Engel v. Vitale facts
McDonald v. Chicago clause2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
US v. Lopez questionUnder the commerce clause, does congress have the power to regulate guns near schools?
US v. Lopez ruling5:4 for Lopez, the state cannot regulate guns on school property under the commerce clause
McDonald v. Chicago questionDoes the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
5:4 for McDonald, the right to bear arms applies to the states
Frozen!
Frozen!
Roe v. Wade questionDoes the Texas laws banning abortions violate the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment and a woman's constitutional right to an abortion?
14th amendment equal protection clause
Engel v. Vitale clause1st Amendment Establishment Clause
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent in a state felony case
Baker v. Carr questionCan the supreme court rule on issues of legislative districts?
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
Brown v. Board of Education ruling9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
Did Schenck's conviction under the Espionage Act for criticizing the draft violate his freedom of speech?