free speech clause
Engel v. Vitale ruling
Roe v. Wade impact
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Schenck v. US facts
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
overruled "sperate but equal" (from Plessy v. Ferguson) and gave legal precedent for desegregation
Marbury v. Madison ruling
4:0 for Marbury, kinda. Marbury does deserve his commision, but SCOTUS shouldn't have heard the case first
US v. Lopez impact
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
New York Times v. US ruling
McCulloch v. Maryland clause
necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause
McCulloch v. Maryland question
Does the federal government have implied powers?
Gideon v. Wainwright ruling
unanimous for Gideon, the right to an attorney applies to felony cases
BCRA law banned Citizens United from showing an ad they made casting Hilary Clinton in a negative light calling it "electioneering" and thus against the BCRA. Citizens United appealed that the ad fell under their right to free speech and thus the BCRA was unconstitutional (2010)
US v. Lopez facts
Lopez, a senior brought a gun to his public high school, illegal under the federal Gun Free School Zones Act. He was arrested and tried in federal court. He sued saying that regulation on state property (schools) was state business. (1995)
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
unanimous for McCulloch, the federal government has implied powers, states can't tax a federal institution
McCulloch v. Maryland impact
established supremacy of federal laws and the implied powers of congress
Does redrawing district lines based solely on race violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment?
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
For religious reasons Amish families refused to send their children to high school citing a religious exemption, violating a Wisconsin law and were fined. They sued the state for violating their freedom of religion (1972)
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
Marbury V. Madison impact
established judicial review
McDonald v. Chicago question
Gideon v. Wainwright question
Wisconsin v. Yoder clause
Brown was a student at a Topeka school. She had to travel much farther to the nearest black school than she would to the white one. With support from the NAACP Brown sued (1954
Engel v. Vitale question
Does the reading of a nondenominational prayer at the start of the school day violate the establishment clause of the First Amendment?
Baker v. Carr clause
Shaw v. Reno impact
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
