Baker v. Carr facts
In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
Tinker v. Des Moines clause
free speech clause
Engel v. Vitale impact
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
Schenck v. US ruling
New York Times v. US impact
protected freedom of press, government cannot stop printing
Shaw v. Reno clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
New York Times v. US facts
The Nixon administration attempted to prevent several newspapers from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study, known as the Pentagon Papers, detailing US actions in Vietnam. The president argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. NYTimes sued on 1st amendment grounds (1971)
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
Gideon v. Wainwright ruling
unanimous for Gideon, the right to an attorney applies to felony cases
Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
McDonald v. Chicago impact
states cannot infringe on the right to bear arms
Tinker v. Des Moines ruling
Does the 6th Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extend to defendants in state courts, even in cases in which the death penalty is not at issue?
Engel v. Vitale ruling
6:1 for Engel, since it was a public school, it does violate the establishment clause
Marbury v. Madison question
Do the plaintiffs have a right to their commissions?
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
Brown v. Board of Education clause
14th amendment equal protection clause
New York Times v. US question
can the executive branch block the publication of classified government documents without violating the first amendment freedom of press clause?
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
Roe v. Wade facts
Roe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life, Roe sued "on behalf of all women" (1973)
limited commerce clause, lessened federal power
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
Shaw v. Reno facts
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
6th amendment, right to an attorney
New York Times v. US clause
1st amendment freedom of press
Wisconsin v. Yoder ruling
7:0 for Yoder, forcing people to go to school despite a religious disagreement violated the free exercise clause
Engel v. Vitale clause
1st Amendment Establishment Clause
religion trumps schooling
