Schenck v. US facts
During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919)
For religious reasons Amish families refused to send their children to high school citing a religious exemption, violating a Wisconsin law and were fined. They sued the state for violating their freedom of religion (1972)
Citizens United v. FEC ruling
5:4 for Citizens United, political ads by corporations/nonprofits are protected under free speech, giving money to a campaign doesn't necessarily mean that they will be biased towards you
Shaw v. Reno impact
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
6:1 for Engel, since it was a public school, it does violate the establishment clause
Engel v. Vitale question
Does the reading of a nondenominational prayer at the start of the school day violate the establishment clause of the First Amendment?
Commerce Clause
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's right to an abortion
Gideon v. Wainwright impact
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent in a state felony case
Brown was a student at a Topeka school. She had to travel much farther to the nearest black school than she would to the white one. With support from the NAACP Brown sued (1954
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
Shaw v. Reno ruling
5:4 for Shaw, factoring race into redistricting is unconstitutional
In an attempt to create an additional legislative district with a majority of African-American voters, the state of North Carolina created a district connecting pockets of minority voters by nothing more than the width of the freeway. Shaw, a republican from NC, sued the US Attorney General who had forced the changes on 14th amendment violations (1993)
McDonald v. Chicago facts
The Chicago system for obtaining gun permits was so annoying that it was almost impossible to obtain one. McDonald sued Chicago for violating his 2nd amendment rights (2010)
McDonald v. Chicago ruling
5:4 for McDonald, the right to bear arms applies to the states
Marbury V. Madison impact
Schenck v. US ruling
unanimous for US, Schenck's encouragement of draft dodging was a clear and present danger
Tinker v. Des Moines impact
students have free speech rights, symbolic speech is speech and protected
Do state school segregation laws violate the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment?
US v. Lopez ruling
McDonald v. Chicago question
Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
McDonald v. Chicago clause
2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
unanimous for McCulloch, the federal government has implied powers, states can't tax a federal institution
McCulloch v. Maryland facts
Maryland tried to tax federal banks in the state, McCulloch, the chief cashier in the Baltimore branch refused to pay. the state sued. (1819)
6:2 for Baker, SCOTUS has the power to rule on congressional districts
Marbury v. Madison clause
appellate jurisdiction clause of Article III
4:0 for Marbury, kinda. Marbury does deserve his commision, but SCOTUS shouldn't have heard the case first
Wisconsin v. Yoder clause
Shaw v. Reno question
Does redrawing district lines based solely on race violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment?
McCulloch v. Maryland clause
necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause
