McCulloch v. Maryland ruling
unanimous for McCulloch, the federal government has implied powers, states can't tax a federal institution
Wisconsin v. Yoder facts
Baker v. Carr impact
US v. Lopez question
Under the commerce clause, does congress have the power to regulate guns near schools?
Gideon v. Wainwright question
Does the 6th Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extend to defendants in state courts, even in cases in which the death penalty is not at issue?
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
New York Times v. US ruling
6:3 for NYTimes, except in the case of a Clear and Present danger the US government does not have the power of prior restraint over the press
McDonald v. Chicago clause
2nd Amendment right to bear arms, 14th amendment due process clause
Schenck v. US impact
until it was overturned decades later, Schenck v. US was used to uphold the Espionage Act, causing many other convictions
Shaw v. Reno clause
McCulloch v. Maryland clause
McDonald v. Chicago question
Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership?
Tinker v. Des Moines clause
US v. Lopez facts
Lopez, a senior brought a gun to his public high school, illegal under the federal Gun Free School Zones Act. He was arrested and tried in federal court. He sued saying that regulation on state property (schools) was state business. (1995)
Engel v. Vitale facts
Public schools in New York began the school day by having students to recite a nondenominational prayer each morning. Engel, a parent at the school sued the district for violating the establishment clause (1962)
Gideon v. Wainwright clause
6th amendment, right to an attorney
In Tennessee district boundaries were not being redrawn despite unequal spread of voters. Baker, a Tennessee citizen, sued on the grounds that the district lines made rural votes worth more than urban ones. (1962)
Shaw v. Reno impact
claims of racial redistricting must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny. laws that results in classification by race must have a compelling state interest or a clear 14th amendment violation
unanimous for US, Schenck's encouragement of draft dodging was a clear and present danger
Wisconsin v. Yoder clause
1st Amendment Free Exercise Clause
Tinker v. Des Moines ruling
7:2 for Tinker, symbolic speech is protected under freedom of speech, students have free speech rights
Gideon v. Wainwright facts
Brown v. Board of Education facts
Does the federal government have implied powers?
Brown v. Board of Education question
Citizens United v. FEC clause
1st Amendment freedom of speech
9:0 for Brown, school segregation violates the equal protection clause
McDonald v. Chicago ruling
5:4 for McDonald, the right to bear arms applies to the states
Tinker v. Des Moines impact
Does a law that limits the ability of corporations and labor unions to spend their own money to advocate the election or defeat of a candidate violate the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech?
