Glycolysis
A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP
cellular respiration
Fermentation
A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
parent drug more polar metabolite
substrate-level phosphorylation
The enzyme-catalyzed formation of ATP by direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.
Anabolism
Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy.
Aerobic
Process that requires oxygen
series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
Acetyl CoA
the entry compound for the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration, formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme
NAD+
electron carrier involved in glycolysis
proteins that play a key role in electron transport chains in mitochondria and chloroplasts
Catabolism
Process that does not require oxygen
Completes the breakdown of glucose by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate to carbon dioxide.
Cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
amount of oxygen requirement to oxidize lactic acid produced anaerobically during strenous muscle activity.
FAD
electron carrier produced during the Krebs cycle
Chemiosmosis
