series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
Anaerobic
Process that does not require oxygen
Aerobic
Anabolism
Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy.
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
FAD
proteins that play a key role in electron transport chains in mitochondria and chloroplasts
substrate-level phosphorylation
The enzyme-catalyzed formation of ATP by direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.
citric acid cycle
Completes the breakdown of glucose by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate to carbon dioxide.
Process by which a Hydrogen pump pumps protons into the thylakoid membrane. H+ passively flows through the ATP synthase which leads to the creation of ATP.
A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
Catabolism
Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy.
Glycolysis
A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP
Acetyl CoA
oxygen dept
NAD+
electron carrier involved in glycolysis
prepartory reaction
