substrate-level phosphorylation
Aerobic
Process that requires oxygen
Cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
Cytochromes
proteins that play a key role in electron transport chains in mitochondria and chloroplasts
cellular respiration
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
oxygen dept
amount of oxygen requirement to oxidize lactic acid produced anaerobically during strenous muscle activity.
Anaerobic
NAD+
Fermentation
A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
citric acid cycle
Completes the breakdown of glucose by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate to carbon dioxide.
Catabolism
Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy.
Acetyl CoA
FAD
electron carrier produced during the Krebs cycle
Chemiosmosis
prepartory reaction
parent drug more polar metabolite
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Anabolism
Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy.
Glycolysis
A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP
