Gugliemo Marconi (1896)'s wireless telegraph patent
First skyscraper (10 stories tall) (in Chicago)
1883
First transatlantic cable completed
1858
Cathode rays discovered
Michael Faraday (1831)'s discovery of electromagnetic currents
Made generators and electrical engines possible
cars go vroom
Reinforced Concrete
William Murdock's cool thing he did (1792)
Lit his home using coal gas. Also, he was James Watt's assistant.
Helped plant crops
James Hargreaves (1765)'s spinning jenny
Automated thread spinning
Eiffel Tower (1889)
For the World Exposition in Paris
Began the first regular commercial rail service
Brooklyn Bridge opened (1883)
James Brindley (1761)'s Bridgewater Canal
Allowed for barges to carry coal from Worsely to Manchester
James Watt's efficient steam engine (1765)
Like fifty years later, they finally came out with a steam engine with a condensing chamber, making it more efficient. Also a pretty big deal.
This would allow for long-distance communication
First high explosive that could be safely handled. Useful for mining and clearing areas for infrastructure.
More efficient thread spinning
Singer's first practical sewing machine (1851)
Allowed for more sewing, including at-home
According to wikipedia:
Thomas Newcomen (1712)'s steam engine
First commercially successful (though kind of clumsy) steam engine, used to pump water out of coal mines. Big deal, since we've just unlocked a new power source.
Henry Bessemir's steel converter (1854)
John Kay (1733)'s flying shuttle
Tremendously helped with making weaving easier, used in the putting-out industry at first.
Gasoline refinement
First occurred in 1850. Gasoline is an important fuel source.
Hiram Maxim's machine gun (1884)
Mass slaughter is now possible, begins mechanization of warfare. Unfortunately, as some predicted, his machine gun did not prevent war — people still fought, despite these monsters being on the battlefield.
Robert Fulton (1807)'s Clermont
The first successful steamboat. Like the locomotive, made trade so, so much better. For example, now the US could leverage its advantage in having the Mississippi river.
Thomas Edison (1879)
Invented the incandescent lamp. Though he was, in general, prone to rude tendencies.
First steam-powered mill (1779)
Charles Babbage (1834)'s analytic engine
First ancestor of the computer
Alexander Graham Bell's telephone (1876)
Made communicating across long distances much easier, but such conversations still had to be done in public, etc.,
