Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
Found a "right to privacy" in the Constitution that would ban any state law against selling contraceptives
a collection of shared attitudes of citizens about government, politics and the making of public policy
Devolution
an effort to shift responsibility or domestic programs to the states in order to decrease the size and activities of the federal government
Good-faith exception
a rule of evidence that says that if the authorities act "in good faith," evidence that otherwise might have been excluded may be admissible. Modifies Mapp v. Ohio
executive privilege
a claim by the president or a member of the executive branch that information or documents requested by Congress or the courts do not have to be turned over because of the separation of powers
Nonpartisan election
an election in which candidates run as independents without party affiliation
joint resolution
A formal expression of congressional opinion that must be approved by both houses of congress and by the president; constitutional amendments need not be signed by the president
Lemon v. Kurtzman
a governing or controlling body whose power exists only within predefined limits that are established by a Constitution or other source of authority
Delegated powers
powers specifically granted to the national government in the Constitution
Motor Voter Law
allows citizens to register to vote at welfare and motor vehicle offices
Bill of attainder
a law that makes a person guilty of a crime without a trial; neither Congress nor the states can enact such a law Constitutionally
speech plus
verbal and symbolic speech used together
grants federal funds given to the states for programs in broad policy areas with few, if any, restrictions
Entitlement
government benefits provided to Americans who qualify because of their age, income, and/or status
offensive speech against racial or ethnic minorities, women, and homosexuals that creates a hostile environment
authority given the courts to review the constitutionality of acts by the executive, states, or the
Roe v. Wade (1973)
The Right to Privacy extends to letting women make decisions about their bodies without government surveillance.
Earmark
Pocket veto
when the president takes no action on a bill within ten days of Congress adjourning, the bill does not become law
Open convention
a party national convention at which no candidate has won a majority of the delegates in the primaries; the candidate is chosen by the convention
an elected official who considers it an obligation to vote the way the majority of his or her constituents wants
double jeopardy
a rule that says a person can't be tried twice by the same court under the same charges twice; from the 5th amendment
provided in an interview that a reported can quote and attribute to the source, referring to the source by name
federal courts with appellate jurisdiction that review decisions of federal district courts, regulatory commissions, and other federal courts
Miranda warning
a shift in voter loyalty in response to critical events; 1932 election of FD Roosevelt
West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette
1943, forcing students to salute the flag is a violation of 1st amendment free speech, and is therefore unconstitutional. Such gestures = symbolic speech. Tinker v. Des Moines.
Judicial branch
responsible for interpreting and applying the laws; in the federal government it consists of the US district
Leak
an unauthorized release of information to the press from someone in the government
