Free rider
an individual who benefits from the activities of an interest group but does not support the group either financially or through active participation
weakening of ties between the voters and the two major parties
when a minority party wins by building a new coalition of voters that continues over successive election
allows members of Congress to mail letters and other materials to constituents free of charge
Conference committee
a committee made up of members of the House and Senate that is responsible for reconciling the differences when two versions of the same bill pass both houses of Congress
Procedural due process
Constitutional requirement that governments proceed by proper methods; limits how government may exercise power.
voting a method of evaluating candidates in which voters evaluate incumbent candidates and decide whether to vote for them based on their past performances
Issue networks
the numerous people who are involved in the formulation of policy, including the president, members of Congress, the cabinet, lobbyists, interest groups, government agencies, and scholars; a looser relationship than the iron triangles
Constituency
let the decision stand; court decisions are based on precedent from previous cases
Straw Poll
a poll conducted in an unscientific manner, used to predict election outcomes
Congressional review
Congress's authority to review a new federal regulation enacted by a regulatory agency and overrule it through a joint resolution
requirements imposed by the national government on state and local governments to comply with federal
Appellate jurisdiction
a convicted person is exempt from the penalties of a crime; only the president has this power at the national
centered politics politics that focuses on candidates, their particular issues, and character rather than party affiliation
Filibuster
Fighting words
the formal and informal institutions, people, and processes used to create and conduct public policy
Subsidy
Individualism
Political socialization
complex process by which people get their sense of political identity, beliefs, and values
Political efficacy
Progressive tax
a type of federalism that deals with the flow of funds through grants and other means from the federal government to the states
New Jersey v. TLO (1985)
Party machine
a political organization, typically at the local level, that wielded considerable power through its ability to get out the vote; relied heavily on patronage and providing services to constituents and was often corrupt
that evidence acquired as a result of an illegal act by police cannot be used against the person from whom it was seized
Joint committee
a committee of Congress made up of members of both houses that focuses on issues of general concern but does not propose legislation
Judicial review
authority given the courts to review the constitutionality of acts by the executive, states, or the
