Closed conventiona party national convention at which the party's presidential nominee has already been determined through the primaries
Boost!
Boost!
Federalistsupported a strong central government and ratification of the Constitution
pork-barrel legislationlegislation giving benefits to constituents through sometimes unnecessary or unwise projects within a state or district, to enhance a member's chance of reelection
Gender gap
the approval of a policy by legislation
US Gov needs to at least have a hearing to determine a war prisoner's charge
Articles of Confederationthe first written constitution of the United States, which went into effect in 1781; it created a unicameral legislature, in which each state had one vote but no executive or judicial authority; the power of the central government was extremely limited
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) establishes?Establishes that clothing is symbolic speech, and is protected unless its censorship is in the public interest.
Public policythe exercise of government power in doing those things necessary to maintain legitimate authority and control over society
Marble vs. layer cake federalism
Socialisma political/economic system in which the government plays a major role (usually ownership) in determining the use of productive resources and the allocation of valuable goods and services; may be democratic or authoritarian
Procedural due processConstitutional requirement that governments proceed by proper methods; limits how government may exercise power.
Rules committeedetermines the rules for debate for bills in the House
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Frozen!
Open primarya primary election in which an individual does not have to be a registered voter in a particular party to vote for candidates of that party
the first ten amendments to the Constitution, ratified in 1791, which protect basic civil liberties
Deregulationthe process of reducing or completely eliminating federal government oversight of an industry so as to allow it to operate more freely; used to encourage competition and reduce costs to consumers
Leak
a statement of a political party on the issues facing the country, adopted at the national convention; each issue position is known as a plank
Political socialization
Loose Constructionistthe belief that judges should have freedom in interpreting the Constitution
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Discharge petition
Political ideology
Three-fifths compromiseagreement at the constitutional convention that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House of Representatives and for taxation
Issue networksthe numerous people who are involved in the formulation of policy, including the president, members of Congress, the cabinet, lobbyists, interest groups, government agencies, and scholars; a looser relationship than the iron triangles
Liberal
Federal budget decicitthe difference in any year between government spending and government revenue
Fighting wordsspeech that is likely to bring about public disorder or chaos; may be banned in public places to ensure the preservation of public order
Standing committeea permanent committee of Congress that deals with legislation and oversight in a broad policy area
Politico
drafted in 1776 by Thomas Jefferson declaring America's separation from Great Britain
Prince v. Massachusetts
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Boost!
The Supreme Court ruled here that the right to counsel was required by law in death penalty trials. Also, capital cases must have counsel when defendant cannot defend because of "ignorance, feeblemindedness, illiteracy, or the like". Selective Incorporation case based on the sixth amendment. Gideon v. Wainwright
Separation of powers
Closed primarya primary election that is limited to registered voters of a particular political party
Discharge petition
a solution to the problem of representation at the constitutional convention, in which the number of members that each state would have in the House is determined by population, while each state would have equal representation in the Senate (two senators per state)
Loose Constructionist
Keynesian economics
the practice of allowing senators from the president's party who represent the state where a judicial district is located, to approve or disapprove potential nominees for the lower federal courts
Legislative Branchunder Article I of the Constitution, the legislative branch consists of the House and Senate, which together form the US Congress; the prime responsibility is to make laws
A formal expression of congressional opinion that must be approved by both houses of congress and by the president; constitutional amendments need not be signed by the president
Select committee
Government
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Delegated powerspowers specifically granted to the national government in the Constitution
independentspeople who have no party affiliation
Deregulationthe process of reducing or completely eliminating federal government oversight of an industry so as to allow it to operate more freely; used to encourage competition and reduce costs to consumers
Betts v. Brady (1942)Sixth amendment does not selectively incorporate to providing poor people in not-capital state cases a lawyer
corporation a corporation that may receive part of its funding from Congress and is managed by a board appointed by the president; the function it performs could be carried out by private enterprise; an example is the US Postal service
Free rider
Roe v. Wade (1973)The Right to Privacy extends to letting women make decisions about their bodies without government surveillance.
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Fighting words
Diplomacythe conduct of international relations, particularly involving the negotiation of treaties and other agreements between nations
basic rights that are guaranteed to all persons; basic rights a government cannot deny
Line item veto
Split-ticket voting
Rider
On deep backgroundinformation provided in an interview that a reported can use but cannot make even an indirect reference to the source
Elastic clause
Caucus (congressional)a group of members of Congress who may or may not be from the same party but who share
Standing committeea permanent committee of Congress that deals with legislation and oversight in a broad policy area