AP Government duel

conformity to social norms and values, tough on criminals

Hyde Amendment (1976) Passed by Congress in 1976; excludes abortion from the comprehensive health care services provided to low-income people by the federal government through Medicaid.

Equal Protection Clause

Split-ticket voting voting for candidates from more than one party in the same election

Blanket primary

General election voters choose office holder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents

a trial in which the judge who presides over the trial decides on guilt or liability

Block grants

Voter turnout the total number of votes cast for the highest office on the ballot

a rule issued by the House Committee on Rules, in which there is a strict time limit for debate and no amendments can be offered

Party realignment a shift in voter loyalty in response to critical events; 1932 election of FD Roosevelt

Nonpartisan election

method of government action, or how the law is carried out according to established rules and procedures

Coattail

Caucus (congressional) a group of members of Congress who may or may not be from the same party but who share

Keynesian economics the belief that inflation occurs when too much money is chasing too few goods; the government must manage the economy by spending more money when in a recession and cutting spending when there is inflation

created to allow the free movement of goods between Canada, Mexico, and the US by lowering and eliminating tariffs

Public opinion a collection of shared attitudes of citizens about government, politics and the making of public policy

gives Congress the powers to pass all laws necessary and proper to carry out their constitutional duties, found in Article I, Section 8, Clause 18; also called the elastic clause

equality of opportunity everyone should have the same chance; what individuals make of that chance depends their abilities and efforts

Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)

Democracy a system whereby the people rule either directly or by elected representation

Sixth amendment does not selectively incorporate to providing poor people in not-capital state cases a lawyer

Slander false verbal statements about others that harm their reputation

Symbolic speech

original jurisdiction

Concurrent powers

Floor leaders

Connecticut (Great) Compromise

Party machine a political organization, typically at the local level, that wielded considerable power through its ability to get out the vote; relied heavily on patronage and providing services to constituents and was often corrupt

Monetary policy economic policy in which the money supply is controlled through the Federal Reserve

money used directly by a candidate running for office; it is subject to campaign finance laws and Federal

Voluntary association of people who seek to control the government through common principles, based on peaceful and legal actions such as the winning of elections; an organization that recruits, nominated, and elects party members to control the government

Three-fifths compromise agreement at the constitutional convention that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House of Representatives and for taxation

gives Congress the powers to pass all laws necessary and proper to carry out their constitutional duties, found in Article I, Section 8, Clause 18; also called the elastic clause

DC v. Heller (2008)

Unfunded mandates

identification of the problems and/or issues that require the attention of the government to resolve

the practice of allowing senators from the president's party who represent the state where a judicial district is located, to approve or disapprove potential nominees for the lower federal courts

Subsidy a sum of money granted by the government or a public body to assist an industry or business so that the price of a commodity or service may remain low or competitive

Exit poll a poll conducted on election day to determine how people voted

serves as president of the Senate in the absence of the vice president; chosen by the majority

District courts

Leak

Moderate person whose views are between conservative and liberal and may include some of both ideologies

stare decisis

Pardon a convicted person is exempt from the penalties of a crime; only the president has this power at the national

Barnettte v. McColumm

Deficit

Political agenda issues that merit action, as determined by the public or those in power

writ of certiorari

Found a "right to privacy" in the Constitution that would ban any state law against selling contraceptives

Ex post facto law

Random sampling

courts courts created by Congress for a specialized purpose with a narrow range of authority; judges serve a fixed term

Appellate courts

Fiscal federalism a type of federalism that deals with the flow of funds through grants and other means from the federal government to the states

Hyde Amendment (1976) Passed by Congress in 1976; excludes abortion from the comprehensive health care services provided to low-income people by the federal government through Medicaid.

Participatory democracy citizens meet and make decisions about public policy issues; there are no elected officials;

Inherent powers powers powers, usually claimed by the president, that are implied but not specifically stated in the Constitution or are derived from the office

End this game?