New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) establishes?The government cannot exert prior restraint.
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Powell v. Alabama (1932)The Supreme Court ruled here that the right to counsel was required by law in death penalty trials. Also, capital cases must have counsel when defendant cannot defend because of "ignorance, feeblemindedness, illiteracy, or the like". Selective Incorporation case based on the sixth amendment. Gideon v. Wainwright
Delegated powers
Party dealignmentweakening of ties between the voters and the two major parties
government corporationcorporation a corporation that may receive part of its funding from Congress and is managed by a board appointed by the president; the function it performs could be carried out by private enterprise; an example is the US Postal service
Judicial review
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Legislative veto
Democracya system whereby the people rule either directly or by elected representation
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positive acts of government designed to prevent discrimination and provide equality before the law. What the government should do.
Constituencyservice casework; assistance to constituents by congressional members
Civil libertiesconstitutional freedoms guaranteed to all citizens. What the government can't do.
Closed convention
a primary election in which candidates from all parties are on the ballot, and a registered voter can vote for the Democratic candidate for one office and the Republican candidate for another
Federalistsupported a strong central government and ratification of the Constitution
a system in which each branch of the government has the power to limit the other branches of government so that one is not dominant; each branch of government is subject to restraints by the other two branches
action by the government to prevent the publication of material; censorship
the policies of government or the particular subject matter of the laws determining what the law is about and whether the law is fair or if it violates constitutional protections
a consistent set of beliefs by groups or individuals
Judicial branchresponsible for interpreting and applying the laws; in the federal government it consists of the US district
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Political culture
written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to support ratification of the Construction
Straight-ticket voting
Bicameral legislaturea two-house legislature
an association of congressional members who advocate a political ideology, regional, ethnic, or economic interest
determines is a policy is achieving its goals; usually carried out with congressional oversight
General electionvoters choose office holder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents
Political ideologya consistent set of beliefs about politics and public policy that sets the framework for evaluating government and public policy
Representative democracycitizens choose officials who make decisions about public policy; a republic
Concurrent jurisdictionjurisdiction the authority to hear cases is shared by federal and state courts
Connecticut (Great) Compromisesettled disputes between the states over the structure of the legislative branch; a solution to the problem of representation at the Constitutional Convention, in which the number of members that each state would have in the House of Representatives is determined by population, while each state would have equal representation in the Senate
At-large
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Judicial activisma judicial philosophy that holds that courts have a more expansive role to play in shaping public policy
Socialisma political/economic system in which the government plays a major role (usually ownership) in determining the use of productive resources and the allocation of valuable goods and services; may be democratic or authoritarian
Free rider
Realignmenta shift of voting patterns to form new coalitions of party support
Individualismthe belief that individuals should be left on their own by the government
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the elected leader of the party with the most seats in the House or Senate
common policy concerns
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Patronagethe system in which a party leader rewarded political supporters with jobs or government contracts in exchange for their support of the party
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Expressed powerspowers enumerated in the Constitution
Political partyVoluntary association of people who seek to control the government through common principles, based on peaceful and legal actions such as the winning of elections; an organization that recruits, nominated, and elects party members to control the government
Federal budgetamount of money the federal government expects to receive and authorizes government to spend for a fiscal year
Cooperative federalism"marble-cake federalism" a model of the relationship between the federal government and the states that developed during the 1930s; the power of the federal government expands into areas that the states are usually responsible for
On the record informationprovided in an interview that a reported can quote and attribute to the source, referring to the source by name
Markuprewrite of a bill after hearings have been held on it
Advice and consentthe Senate's authority to approve or neglect the president's top appointments and negotiated treaties
powers specifically granted to the national government in the Constitution
Unitary systema political system in which all power is derived from the central government
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
Concurrent jurisdiction
issues that merit action, as determined by the public or those in power
Congress's authority to review a new federal regulation enacted by a regulatory agency and overrule it through a joint resolution
General election
Runoff primarywhen no candidate receives a majority of votes, and election held between the two candidates who recorded the most votes in the primary
Civil libertiesconstitutional freedoms guaranteed to all citizens. What the government can't do.
Briefa written document submitted to a court that presents the facts and legal reasoning of a party to the lawsuit
pork-barrel legislationlegislation giving benefits to constituents through sometimes unnecessary or unwise projects within a state or district, to enhance a member's chance of reelection
Mandatesrequirements imposed by the national government on state and local governments to comply with federal