AP Government duel

conformity to social norms and values, tough on criminals

Fighting words speech that is likely to bring about public disorder or chaos; may be banned in public places to ensure the preservation of public order

Full faith and credit clause says that states are required to recognize the laws and legal documents of other states - Article 4

franking privilege allows members of Congress to mail letters and other materials to constituents free of charge

Anti-Federalists

created to allow the free movement of goods between Canada, Mexico, and the US by lowering and eliminating tariffs

Political party Voluntary association of people who seek to control the government through common principles, based on peaceful and legal actions such as the winning of elections; an organization that recruits, nominated, and elects party members to control the government

Party machine a political organization, typically at the local level, that wielded considerable power through its ability to get out the vote; relied heavily on patronage and providing services to constituents and was often corrupt

Courts of Appeal federal courts with appellate jurisdiction that review decisions of federal district courts, regulatory commissions, and other federal courts

Ratification

Marble vs. layer cake federalism Marble cake means 1930s fed expansion, layer cake means they are supreme in separate areas

Prince v. Massachusetts

Front loading the practice of a state choosing an early date to hold a primary election

Monetary policy

Amendment a revision or change to a bill, law, or constitution

Get-out-the-vote

At-large

Incumbency

double jeopardy a rule that says a person can't be tried twice by the same court under the same charges twice; from the 5th amendment

Federal question

Political socialization complex process by which people get their sense of political identity, beliefs, and values

spending required government spending by permanent laws; entitlements, for example social security or bond payments

application of portions of the Bill of Rights to the states under the 14th Amendment

Hamdi v. Rumsfield (2004) US Gov needs to at least have a hearing to determine a war prisoner's charge

Mass media all forms of communication that reach a large portion of the population

Discretionary spending

Concurring opinion justice or justices who agree with the majority's ruling but not the reason behind the decision

Limited Government a governing or controlling body whose power exists only within predefined limits that are established by a Constitution or other source of authority

Select committee a temporary committee of Congress set up for a specific purpose that is outside the scope of the standing committees

a government that derives its authority from the people and in which citizens elect government officials to represent them in the processes by which laws are made; a representative democracy

a trial in which the judge who presides over the trial decides on guilt or liability

Civil rights positive acts of government designed to prevent discrimination and provide equality before the law. What the government should do.

Establishment clause

Natural rights

Political socialization complex process by which people get their sense of political identity, beliefs, and values

a brief submitted to the court by an interested third party that outlines issues it thinks are important in the case. amicus curiae literally means "friend of the court"

Maintaining elections traditional majority power maintains power based on voters' party loyalty

Political agenda issues that merit action, as determined by the public or those in power

an agency that is part of the executive branch but not included in any executive department; the head of the agency (NASA, CIA for example) is appointed by the president and serves at the pleasure of the president

Blanket primary a primary election in which candidates from all parties are on the ballot, and a registered voter can vote for the Democratic candidate for one office and the Republican candidate for another

Elastic clause the necessary and proper clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 18) that allows Congress to pass laws to carry out its expressed powers

Realigning election

verbal and symbolic speech used together

Participatory democracy

Sound bite a very brief excerpt from a political speech aired on television or radio

everyone should have the same chance; what individuals make of that chance depends their abilities and efforts

Three-fifths compromise

Extradition states may return fugitives to a state from which they have fled to avoid criminal prosecution at the request of the state's governor

Legislative veto

the practice of allowing senators from the president's party who represent the state where a judicial district is located, to approve or disapprove potential nominees for the lower federal courts

money used by national, state, or local party organizations that is not regulated by the Federal Election Commission

a political organization, typically at the local level, that wielded considerable power through its ability to get out the vote; relied heavily on patronage and providing services to constituents and was often corrupt

Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) establishes?

to social norms and values, tough on criminals

Incumbent

Monetary policy

refusal of the president to spend money Congress has appropriated; was eliminated by the congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974

Unanimous consent an agreement by every senator to the terms of debate on a given piece of legislation

a sum of money granted by the government or a public body to assist an industry or business so that the price of a commodity or service may remain low or competitive

End this game?