representatives from each state who formally cast ballots for the president and vice president
Frozen!
Frozen!
Marble cake means 1930s fed expansion, layer cake means they are supreme in separate areas
Free exercise clause
Open rule in the House, a rule that allows any amendments to a bill, regardless of whether they're relevant to the legislation
common policy concerns an association of congressional members who advocate a political ideology, regional, ethnic, or economic interest
the view that justices should base decisions on a narrow interpretation of the Constitution
District courts
method of enacting a constitution or amendment into law
Off the record information information provided in an interview that a reporter cannot directly use
writ of certiorari a formal document issued by the Supreme Court to a lower court indicating that it will hear a case
Judicial activism
Select committee a temporary committee of Congress set up for a specific purpose that is outside the scope of the standing committees
Articles of Confederation the first written constitution of the United States, which went into effect in 1781; it created a unicameral legislature, in which each state had one vote but no executive or judicial authority; the power of the central government was extremely limited
Bicameral legislature a two-house legislature
serves as president of the Senate in the absence of the vice president; chosen by the majority
the document setting forth the laws and principles of the government; a plan for government
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) Found a "right to privacy" in the Constitution that would ban any state law against selling contraceptives
Loose Constructionist the belief that judges should have freedom in interpreting the Constitution
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
a speech or photo opportunity staged to give a politician's view on an issue; staged to present the candidate in a good light
Lobbying
Constituency service casework; assistance to constituents by congressional members
Diplomacy
Concurrent powers governmental powers shared by the federal and state governments
Public policy the exercise of government power in doing those things necessary to maintain legitimate authority and control over society
Political culture a set of basic values and beliefs about one's country or government that is shared by most citizens
Deficit government spending exceeds revenue
Federal question a question of law based on interpretation of the US Constitution, federal laws, or treaties
Boost!
Boost!
Policy implementation carrying out a policy through government agencies and courts
a government that derives its authority from the people and in which citizens elect government officials to represent them in the processes by which laws are made; a representative democracy
Boost!
Boost!
Concurrent jurisdiction jurisdiction the authority to hear cases is shared by federal and state courts
Bench trial
Executive agreement
Boost!
Boost!
Eminent domain allows the government to take private property for public use, as long as just compensation is paid
Honeymoon period
Republic a government that derives its authority from the people and in which citizens elect government officials to represent them in the processes by which laws are made; a representative democracy
Precedent standards or guides based on prior decisions that serve as a rule for settling similar disputes
weak government government that has limited control over economy or personal lives
Get-out-the-vote a campaign near the end of an election to get voters out to the polls
Anti-Federalists those opposed to the ratification of the Constitution because it gave too much power to the central government at the expense of the states and the lack of a bill of rights
Block grants
Supremacy clause national laws supersedes all other laws passed by states
Lemon v. Kurtzman Creates the "Lemon Test", which has requires separate, secular, and neutral effect and intention in government action.
Frozen!
Frozen!
States cannot ban private schools to prevent religious courses. Wisconsin v. Yoder
Connecticut (Great) Compromise settled disputes between the states over the structure of the legislative branch; a solution to the problem of representation at the Constitutional Convention, in which the number of members that each state would have in the House of Representatives is determined by population, while each state would have equal representation in the Senate
Constituency
voting for candidates all of the same party
powers powers, usually claimed by the president, that are implied but not specifically stated in the Constitution or are derived from the office
Three-fifths compromise agreement at the constitutional convention that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House of Representatives and for taxation
Frozen!
Frozen!
Candidate
a rule that says a person can't be tried twice by the same court under the same charges twice; from the 5th amendment
Affirmative action a program intended to give a boost of preference to minority applicants over white applicants in contracting, employment, housing, and college or professional school admissions
On background
Administrative Discretion
Separation of powers practice by which power is divided among three branches of government; each branch has its own powers and duties and is independent of and equal to the other branches
Caucus (congressional) a group of members of Congress who may or may not be from the same party but who share
Earmark a designation within a spending bill that provides for a specific expenditure
Gridlock
Boost!
Boost!
Incumbency
a type of federalism that deals with the flow of funds through grants and other means from the federal government to the states
Incorrect!
Incorrect!
Player 1 wins!

Player 2 wins!
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