Senatorial courtesy
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
centered politics politics that focuses on candidates, their particular issues, and character rather than party affiliation
Caucus (congressional) a group of members of Congress who may or may not be from the same party but who share
Rider an addition or amendment added to a bill that often has no relation to the bill but that may not pass on its own
Congress monitors policies of the executive branch; the process by which the legislative branch checks the executive branch to ensure that the laws Congress has passed are being administered in keeping with legislators' intent
Enumerated powers powers that the Constitution specifically grants to the federal government
franking privilege
Participatory democracy
De facto segregation segregation that results from living patterns rather than law
Civil liberties constitutional freedoms guaranteed to all citizens. What the government can't do.
Regressive tax
Party realignment a shift in voter loyalty in response to critical events; 1932 election of FD Roosevelt
Good-faith exception a rule of evidence that says that if the authorities act "in good faith," evidence that otherwise might have been excluded may be admissible. Modifies Mapp v. Ohio
Devolution an effort to shift responsibility or domestic programs to the states in order to decrease the size and activities of the federal government
Concurrent jurisdiction jurisdiction the authority to hear cases is shared by federal and state courts
Dissenting opinion opinion justice or justices who voted in the minority, explaining the reasons for opposing the majority opinion
Libel
the person currently holding office
Earmark a designation within a spending bill that provides for a specific expenditure
Precedent standards or guides based on prior decisions that serve as a rule for settling similar disputes
Legislative veto when Congress rejects an action of the president by a majority vote of both houses; declared
Referendum a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
all residents of the state for senators, all residents of a district for House members
New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) establishes? The government cannot exert prior restraint.
Political socialization complex process by which people get their sense of political identity, beliefs, and values
Miranda warning the warning that an individual must be read at the time of arrest and questioning, letting him know his 5th and 6th amendment rights
Pure speech verbal communication of ideas and opinions
Gatekeepers media executives, news editors, and prominent reporters who decide what news to present and how it will be presented
a situation in which men and women hold different positions on a wide range of political issues
Select committee
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Cloture
a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct
Fiscal policy how the government uses taxes and spending to impact the economy
clause says that states are required to recognize the laws and legal documents of other states - Article 4
Lemon test
Cabinet
method of maintaining, managing, and gaining control of government
independents
Civil liberties constitutional freedoms guaranteed to all citizens. What the government can't do.
Deviating election
Superdelegates party officials in the Democratic Party who attend the national convention without having to run in primaries or caucuses
Symbolic speech using actions and symbols rather than words to convey an idea
Caucus locally held meeting in a state to select delegates who, in turn, will nominate candidates to political office
a tax that is assessed on everyone at the same rate and, therefore, impacts the poor more than it impacted wealthy; sales tax is regressive
Judicial activism
Gerrymandering drawing of congressional districts to favor one political party or group over another
Block grants
Fighting words speech that is likely to bring about public disorder or chaos; may be banned in public places to ensure the preservation of public order
the exercise of government power in doing those things necessary to maintain legitimate authority and control over society
Equal Protection Clause constitutional guarantee that everyone be treated equally
generally refers to the belief that government or people acting on its behalf can be used to address social problems or inequities facing the nation
services performed by an elected official for constituents
Discrimination unfair treatment of a person based on race or group membership
Media event a speech or photo opportunity staged to give a politician's view on an issue; staged to present the candidate in a good light
Religion does not override child labor laws. Wisconsin v. Yoder
weak government government that has limited control over economy or personal lives
a shift in voter loyalty in response to critical events; 1932 election of FD Roosevelt
joint resolution A formal expression of congressional opinion that must be approved by both houses of congress and by the president; constitutional amendments need not be signed by the president
Participatory democracy citizens meet and make decisions about public policy issues; there are no elected officials;
Incorrect!
Incorrect!
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Player 2 wins!
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