Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)
Individualism
the belief that individuals should be left on their own by the government
weak government
government that has limited control over economy or personal lives
Political agenda
Coattail
effect the ability of a strong or popular candidate to get other candidates on the ticket elected; it is a term most
Majority leader
Amicus curiae brief
a brief submitted to the court by an interested third party that outlines issues it thinks are important in the case. amicus curiae literally means "friend of the court"
Line item veto
the president can reject a portion of a bill while approving the rest; declared unconstitutional
Recall
special election initiated by petition to allow citizens to remove an official from office before his or her term
De facto segregation
Mandatory spending
a consistent set of beliefs by groups or individuals
speech that is likely to bring about public disorder or chaos; may be banned in public places to ensure the preservation of public order
Good-faith exception
a rule of evidence that says that if the authorities act "in good faith," evidence that otherwise might have been excluded may be admissible. Modifies Mapp v. Ohio
Closed convention
a primary election that is limited to registered voters of a particular political party
Block grants
grants federal funds given to the states for programs in broad policy areas with few, if any, restrictions
DC v. Heller (2008)
Court ruled that a DC law banning hand guns was unconstitutional. McDonald v. Chicago
Hyperpluralist Theory of Democracy
Constituency
direct majority or minority party strategy and decisions in the House and Senate
a tax that is assessed on everyone at the same rate and, therefore, impacts the poor more than it impacted wealthy; sales tax is regressive
Civil rights
Independent executive agency
Rider
an addition or amendment added to a bill that often has no relation to the bill but that may not pass on its own
a person whose views favor more government involvement in business, social welfare, minority rights, and increased government spending
President Pro Tempore
Enumerated powers
powers that the Constitution specifically grants to the federal government
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) establishes?
voters choose office holder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents
