AP Government duel

Electorate people qualified to vote

Prince v. Massachusetts Religion does not override child labor laws. Wisconsin v. Yoder

Off the record information information provided in an interview that a reporter cannot directly use

Trial balloon tests the public reaction to policy or appointments by releasing information to the media and gauging public reaction

Dual Federalism a model of the relationship between the federal government and the states in which each is supreme in its own sphere; "layer cake federalism"

Powell v. Alabama (1932)

a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct

Rule of four a rule that says that four of the nine Supreme Court justices must agree in conference to hear a case

Constituency service casework; assistance to constituents by congressional members

Soft money

false verbal statements about others that harm their reputation

Closed convention a party national convention at which the party's presidential nominee has already been determined through the primaries

a set of basic values and beliefs about one's country or government that is shared by most citizens

Straight-ticket voting

Libertarianism

that evidence acquired as a result of an illegal act by police cannot be used against the person from whom it was seized

the view that justices should base decisions on a narrow interpretation of the Constitution

Great compromise a solution to the problem of representation at the constitutional convention, in which the number of members that each state would have in the House is determined by population, while each state would have equal representation in the Senate (two senators per state)

a shift in voter loyalty in response to critical events; 1932 election of FD Roosevelt

Policy evaluation

Caucus (congressional)

Deviating election

Eminent domain allows the government to take private property for public use, as long as just compensation is paid

Federal question

a rule issued by the House Committee on Rules, in which there is a strict time limit for debate and no amendments can be offered

the practice of a state choosing an early date to hold a primary election

the belief that individuals should be left on their own by the government

extension of an interest group that contributes money to political campaigns

Lemon v. Kurtzman Creates the "Lemon Test", which has requires separate, secular, and neutral effect and intention in government action.

Direct primary

Categorical grants federal funds given to state and local governments for specific programs that usually require the recipient to match the money provided and have other strings attached

Filibuster

the system in which a party leader rewarded political supporters with jobs or government contracts in exchange for their support of the party

Substantive due process

Coattail

a written document submitted to a court that presents the facts and legal reasoning of a party to the lawsuit

Public policy the exercise of government power in doing those things necessary to maintain legitimate authority and control over society

Socialism a political/economic system in which the government plays a major role (usually ownership) in determining the use of productive resources and the allocation of valuable goods and services; may be democratic or authoritarian

Midterm elections congressional elections held between presidential elections

a consistent set of beliefs by groups or individuals

On the record information provided in an interview that a reported can quote and attribute to the source, referring to the source by name

Pardon

Party machine a political organization, typically at the local level, that wielded considerable power through its ability to get out the vote; relied heavily on patronage and providing services to constituents and was often corrupt

Judicial activism

Fighting words

a party national convention at which no candidate has won a majority of the delegates in the primaries; the candidate is chosen by the convention

Limited Government a governing or controlling body whose power exists only within predefined limits that are established by a Constitution or other source of authority

District courts lowest level of federal courts, where most federal cases begin and trials are held

Equal Protection Clause constitutional guarantee that everyone be treated equally

Keynesian economics

Open rule

Federalist Papers

Procedural due process Constitutional requirement that governments proceed by proper methods; limits how government may exercise power.

Representative democracy citizens choose officials who make decisions about public policy; a republic

Earmark

effect tendency of those already holding office to win reelection due to advantages because they already hold the office

Leak an unauthorized release of information to the press from someone in the government

Revolving door the practice of government officials becoming lobbyists for the industries or companies they were responsible for regulating while they were public servants

Runoff primary when no candidate receives a majority of votes, and election held between the two candidates who recorded the most votes in the primary

New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) establishes? The government cannot exert prior restraint.

End this game?