a draft of a proposed law presented to parliament for discussion.
Boost!
Boost!
mandates require states to enforce legislation without the funding necessary
Procedural Due Process
Frozen!
Frozen!
Ratification method of enacting a constitution or amendment into law
Advice and consent
Connecticut (Great) Compromise settled disputes between the states over the structure of the legislative branch; a solution to the problem of representation at the Constitutional Convention, in which the number of members that each state would have in the House of Representatives is determined by population, while each state would have equal representation in the Senate
independents people who have no party affiliation
Deregulation the process of reducing or completely eliminating federal government oversight of an industry so as to allow it to operate more freely; used to encourage competition and reduce costs to consumers
Precedent standards or guides based on prior decisions that serve as a rule for settling similar disputes
equality of opportunity everyone should have the same chance; what individuals make of that chance depends their abilities and efforts
Free exercise clause
Barnettte v. McColumm Upholds establishment clause and free exercise clause. Engel v. Vitale
Incumbent the person currently holding office
Discretionary spending
On background information provided in an interview that a reporter can quote but can't attribute specifically to the interviewee
the president's power to reject a bill passed by Congress
Representative democracy
effect the ability of a strong or popular candidate to get other candidates on the ticket elected; it is a term most
DC v. Heller (2008)
pork-barrel legislation legislation giving benefits to constituents through sometimes unnecessary or unwise projects within a state or district, to enhance a member's chance of reelection
the document setting forth the laws and principles of the government; a plan for government
Political culture
Ex post facto law a law that makes an action a crime even though it was legal when it was committed or increases the penalty for a crime after it has been committed
Entitlement
Mandates
Platform a statement of a political party on the issues facing the country, adopted at the national convention; each issue position is known as a plank
Commerce and slave trade compromise resolved differences between northern and southern states at the constitutional convention; Congress could not tax exports nor ban the slave trade for twenty years
Frozen!
Frozen!
Exit poll a poll conducted on election day to determine how people voted
War Powers Act of 1973 a law that limits presidential use of military forces to sixty days, with an automatic extension of thirty additional days if the president requests such an extension
Good-faith exception a rule of evidence that says that if the authorities act "in good faith," evidence that otherwise might have been excluded may be admissible. Modifies Mapp v. Ohio
standards or guides based on prior decisions that serve as a rule for settling similar disputes
Boost!
Boost!
federal spending set by the government through appropriations bills, including operating expenses and salaries of government employees
democracy citizens meet and make decisions about public policy issues; there are no elected officials; also called participatory democracy
Frozen!
Frozen!
an election taking place in a year when no presidential elections are occurring; midterm election
Independent executive agency an agency that is part of the executive branch but not included in any executive department; the head of the agency (NASA, CIA for example) is appointed by the president and serves at the pleasure of the president
government that has limited control over economy or personal lives
a lengthy speech designed to delay the vote on a bill in the Senate; can be ended by a cloture motion and vote
election party loyalty becomes less important to voters, and they vote for the other party candidate or
Majority-minority districts drawing district boundaries to give a minority group a majority
special election initiated by petition to allow citizens to remove an official from office before his or her term
a political organization, typically at the local level, that wielded considerable power through its ability to get out the vote; relied heavily on patronage and providing services to constituents and was often corrupt
At-large all the voters of a state or county elect their representative
General election
Advice and consent the Senate's authority to approve or neglect the president's top appointments and negotiated treaties
Liberal
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) establishes? Establishes that clothing is symbolic speech, and is protected unless its censorship is in the public interest.
Constitution
determines is a policy is achieving its goals; usually carried out with congressional oversight
Direct primary party members vote to nominate their candidate for the general election
Trustee after listening to constituents, elected representatives vote based on their own opinions
Great compromise a solution to the problem of representation at the constitutional convention, in which the number of members that each state would have in the House is determined by population, while each state would have equal representation in the Senate (two senators per state)
Policy formulation
Exclusionary rule
Congressional review
method of enacting a constitution or amendment into law
Amendment a revision or change to a bill, law, or constitution
Declaration of Independence drafted in 1776 by Thomas Jefferson declaring America's separation from Great Britain
Frozen!
Frozen!
Federal system a political system in which power is divided between the national government and state government
Regressive tax
Participatory democracy citizens meet and make decisions about public policy issues; there are no elected officials;
Incorrect!
Incorrect!
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Player 2 wins!
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