AP Government duel

conformity

Civil liberties constitutional freedoms guaranteed to all citizens. What the government can't do.

clause says that states are required to recognize the laws and legal documents of other states - Article 4

Enumerated powers powers that the Constitution specifically grants to the federal government

Closed rule a rule issued by the House Committee on Rules, in which there is a strict time limit for debate and no amendments can be offered

Moderate person whose views are between conservative and liberal and may include some of both ideologies

Delegate an elected official who considers it an obligation to vote the way the majority of his or her constituents wants

Conference committee

the time early in a new president's administration characterized by optimistic approval by the public

Separation of powers practice by which power is divided among three branches of government; each branch has its own powers and duties and is independent of and equal to the other branches

requirements imposed by the national government on state and local governments to comply with federal

North American Free Trade Agreement created to allow the free movement of goods between Canada, Mexico, and the US by lowering and eliminating tariffs

Iron triangle alliances that develop between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees

Discretionary spending federal spending set by the government through appropriations bills, including operating expenses and salaries of government employees

basic principle of US government which holds that the people are the source of all governmental power

Legislative Branch under Article I of the Constitution, the legislative branch consists of the House and Senate, which together form the US Congress; the prime responsibility is to make laws

Joint committee a committee of Congress made up of members of both houses that focuses on issues of general concern but does not propose legislation

Concurrent jurisdiction jurisdiction the authority to hear cases is shared by federal and state courts

Federal budget

people qualified to vote

executive privilege

Direct democracy

Get-out-the-vote

Entitlement

Straw Poll a poll conducted in an unscientific manner, used to predict election outcomes

Electoral College representatives from each state who formally cast ballots for the president and vice president

a model of the relationship between the federal government and the states in which each is supreme in its own sphere; "layer cake federalism"

Hard money money used directly by a candidate running for office; it is subject to campaign finance laws and Federal

Administrative Discretion the flexibility a federal agency can exercise in implementing legislation through its rules and regulations. the authority delegated to bureaucrats to use their expertise and judgment when determining how to implement public policy.

Party realignment a shift in voter loyalty in response to critical events; 1932 election of FD Roosevelt

Conference committee

Deviating election

Individualism

Discretionary spending federal spending set by the government through appropriations bills, including operating expenses and salaries of government employees

Congressional review Congress's authority to review a new federal regulation enacted by a regulatory agency and overrule it through a joint resolution

powers that the Constitution specifically grants to the federal government

Select committee a temporary committee of Congress set up for a specific purpose that is outside the scope of the standing committees

Federal question

Closed rule a rule issued by the House Committee on Rules, in which there is a strict time limit for debate and no amendments can be offered

Off year election an election taking place in a year when no presidential elections are occurring; midterm election

a method for cutting off a filibuster in the Senate; sixteen votes are needed to call for cloture and sixty are needed to end a filibuster

Dual Federalism a model of the relationship between the federal government and the states in which each is supreme in its own sphere; "layer cake federalism"

the document setting forth the laws and principles of the government; a plan for government

a situation in which men and women hold different positions on a wide range of political issues

Procedural Due Process method of government action, or how the law is carried out according to established rules and procedures

Motor Voter Law

Political agenda issues that merit action, as determined by the public or those in power

Dissenting opinion

Legislative courts courts courts created by Congress for a specialized purpose with a narrow range of authority; judges serve a fixed term

Government the formal and informal institutions, people, and processes used to create and conduct public policy

Politics

a government that derives its authority from the people and in which citizens elect government officials to represent them in the processes by which laws are made; a representative democracy

Hyperpluralist Theory of Democracy seen as a system of many groups pulling government in many directions at the same time, causing gridlock and ineffectiveness

how the government uses taxes and spending to impact the economy

Lemon v. Kurtzman Creates the "Lemon Test", which has requires separate, secular, and neutral effect and intention in government action.

Precedent standards or guides based on prior decisions that serve as a rule for settling similar disputes

Libertarianism people who wish to maximize the personal liberty on both economic and social issues; prefer small,

Federalist Papers written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to support ratification of the Construction

Coattail effect the ability of a strong or popular candidate to get other candidates on the ticket elected; it is a term most

Policy formulation

End this game?