AP Government duel

Extradition states may return fugitives to a state from which they have fled to avoid criminal prosecution at the request of the state's governor

Bill of Rights the first ten amendments to the Constitution, ratified in 1791, which protect basic civil liberties

1943, forcing students to salute the flag is a violation of 1st amendment free speech, and is therefore unconstitutional. Such gestures = symbolic speech. Tinker v. Des Moines.

Johnson v. Zerbst (1938) Sixth amendment applies to federal criminal cases with possible imprisonment and too poor defendant. Gideon v. Wainwright

Declaration of Independence drafted in 1776 by Thomas Jefferson declaring America's separation from Great Britain

Participatory democracy

Fiscal policy

basic rights that are guaranteed to all persons; basic rights a government cannot deny

Revolving door the practice of government officials becoming lobbyists for the industries or companies they were responsible for regulating while they were public servants

Privileges and Immunities Clause states are prohibited from unreasonably discriminating against residents of other states

effect the ability of a strong or popular candidate to get other candidates on the ticket elected; it is a term most

Veto the president's power to reject a bill passed by Congress

Roe v. Wade (1973) The Right to Privacy extends to letting women make decisions about their bodies without government surveillance.

Discretionary spending federal spending set by the government through appropriations bills, including operating expenses and salaries of government employees

an elected official who considers it an obligation to vote the way the majority of his or her constituents wants

Deficit government spending exceeds revenue

Exclusionary rule that evidence acquired as a result of an illegal act by police cannot be used against the person from whom it was seized

economic policy in which the money supply is controlled through the Federal Reserve

Federal question a question of law based on interpretation of the US Constitution, federal laws, or treaties

Libertarianism people who wish to maximize the personal liberty on both economic and social issues; prefer small,

Delegated powers

a formal document issued by the Supreme Court to a lower court indicating that it will hear a case

constitutional guarantee that everyone be treated equally

Impeachment bringing charges of wrongdoing against a government official by the House of Representatives

Incumbent

Civil rights positive acts of government designed to prevent discrimination and provide equality before the law. What the government should do.

Symbolic speech using actions and symbols rather than words to convey an idea

Rules committee

Congressional review Congress's authority to review a new federal regulation enacted by a regulatory agency and overrule it through a joint resolution

voting for candidates all of the same party

Implied powers powers not expressed, but may be considered through the use of the necessary and proper (elastic) clause

Congress's authority to review a new federal regulation enacted by a regulatory agency and overrule it through a joint resolution

a collection of shared attitudes of citizens about government, politics and the making of public policy

clause says that states are required to recognize the laws and legal documents of other states - Article 4

Courts of Appeal

courts with authority to review cases heard by other courts to correct errors in the interpretation or application of law

joint resolution A formal expression of congressional opinion that must be approved by both houses of congress and by the president; constitutional amendments need not be signed by the president

authority given the courts to review the constitutionality of acts by the executive, states, or the

Equal Protection Clause constitutional guarantee that everyone be treated equally

government corporation

Enumerated powers powers that the Constitution specifically grants to the federal government

a model of the relationship between the federal government and the states in which each is supreme in its own sphere; "layer cake federalism"

redistribution of the 435 congressional seats among the states after the census determines changes in population distribution

verbal communication of ideas and opinions

Bench trial a trial in which the judge who presides over the trial decides on guilt or liability

Constituent

Fiscal policy

Expressed powers

the conduct of international relations, particularly involving the negotiation of treaties and other agreements between nations

Fighting words speech that is likely to bring about public disorder or chaos; may be banned in public places to ensure the preservation of public order

Monetary policy economic policy in which the money supply is controlled through the Federal Reserve

executive privilege a claim by the president or a member of the executive branch that information or documents requested by Congress or the courts do not have to be turned over because of the separation of powers

De jure segregation segregation segregation that results from law

Realignment a shift of voting patterns to form new coalitions of party support

Connecticut (Great) Compromise

Civil liberties constitutional freedoms guaranteed to all citizens. What the government can't do.

Government the formal and informal institutions, people, and processes used to create and conduct public policy

Categorical grants

Incumbent the person currently holding office

Federal budget decicit

End this game?