Procedural due process
Constitutional requirement that governments proceed by proper methods; limits how government may exercise power.
Libertarianism
people who wish to maximize the personal liberty on both economic and social issues; prefer small,
a written document submitted to a court that presents the facts and legal reasoning of a party to the lawsuit
Liberal
a person whose views favor more government involvement in business, social welfare, minority rights, and increased government spending
Hyperpluralist Theory of Democracy
seen as a system of many groups pulling government in many directions at the same time, causing gridlock and ineffectiveness
Libel
false written statements about others that harm their reputation
Joint committee
a committee of Congress made up of members of both houses that focuses on issues of general concern but does not propose legislation
Get-out-the-vote
Legislative Branch
Moderate
person whose views are between conservative and liberal and may include some of both ideologies
Policy implementation
party members vote to nominate their candidate for the general election
Politico
a member of Congress who acts as a delegate on issues that constituents care about (such as immigration reform) and as a trustee on more complex or less salient issues (some foreign policy or regulatory matters)
Oversight
courts with authority to review cases heard by other courts to correct errors in the interpretation or application of law
New Jersey v. TLO (1985)
Students have less privacy at schools; their stuff is subject to a search because of suspicion. This is necessary for discipline.
Veto
the president's power to reject a bill passed by Congress
Delegate
an elected official who considers it an obligation to vote the way the majority of his or her constituents wants
government corporation
corporation a corporation that may receive part of its funding from Congress and is managed by a board appointed by the president; the function it performs could be carried out by private enterprise; an example is the US Postal service
a system in which each branch of the government has the power to limit the other branches of government so that one is not dominant; each branch of government is subject to restraints by the other two branches
Categorical grants
federal funds given to state and local governments for specific programs that usually require the recipient to match the money provided and have other strings attached
issues that merit action, as determined by the public or those in power
amount of money the federal government expects to receive and authorizes government to spend for a fiscal year
Independent executive agency
an agency that is part of the executive branch but not included in any executive department; the head of the agency (NASA, CIA for example) is appointed by the president and serves at the pleasure of the president
Prince v. Massachusetts
Religion does not override child labor laws. Wisconsin v. Yoder
Realignment
a shift of voting patterns to form new coalitions of party support
Impoundment
refusal of the president to spend money Congress has appropriated; was eliminated by the congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
let the decision stand; court decisions are based on precedent from previous cases
when the president takes no action on a bill within ten days of Congress adjourning, the bill does not become law
