Substantive due process
the policies of government or the particular subject matter of the laws determining what the law is about and whether the law is fair or if it violates constitutional protections
speech that is likely to bring about public disorder or chaos; may be banned in public places to ensure the preservation of public order
Procedural due process
Veto
Bill of Rights
the first ten amendments to the Constitution, ratified in 1791, which protect basic civil liberties
using actions and symbols rather than words to convey an idea
a set of basic values and beliefs about one's country or government that is shared by most citizens
Impeachment
Primary election
Participatory democracy
citizens meet and make decisions about public policy issues; there are no elected officials;
an association of congressional members who advocate a political ideology, regional, ethnic, or economic interest
The government cannot exert prior restraint.
Monetary policy
economic policy in which the money supply is controlled through the Federal Reserve
an addition or amendment added to a bill that often has no relation to the bill but that may not pass on its own
Ex post facto law
a law that makes an action a crime even though it was legal when it was committed or increases the penalty for a crime after it has been committed
Upholds establishment clause and free exercise clause. Engel v. Vitale
Political action committees (PAC$)
extension of an interest group that contributes money to political campaigns
Republic
a government that derives its authority from the people and in which citizens elect government officials to represent them in the processes by which laws are made; a representative democracy
General election
voters choose office holder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents
amount of money owed by the government
Establishment clause
government spending exceeds revenue
writ of habeas corpus
a court order directing authorities to show cause for why a person under detention should not be released
War Powers Act of 1973
original jurisdiction
Judicial branch
responsible for interpreting and applying the laws; in the federal government it consists of the US district
Devolution
an effort to shift responsibility or domestic programs to the states in order to decrease the size and activities of the federal government
Concurrent jurisdiction
jurisdiction the authority to hear cases is shared by federal and state courts
Elastic clause
the idea that societies are divided along class lines and that an upper-class elite will rule, regardless of the formal niceties of governmental organization
