AP Government duel

after listening to constituents, elected representatives vote based on their own opinions

Hyperpluralist Theory of Democracy seen as a system of many groups pulling government in many directions at the same time, causing gridlock and ineffectiveness

the view that justices should base decisions on a narrow interpretation of the Constitution

weak government

Mass media all forms of communication that reach a large portion of the population

stare decisis let the decision stand; court decisions are based on precedent from previous cases

President Pro Tempore serves as president of the Senate in the absence of the vice president; chosen by the majority

Free exercise clause Congress may not make laws restricting or prohibiting a person's religious practices

writ of habeas corpus a court order directing authorities to show cause for why a person under detention should not be released

Hard money money used directly by a candidate running for office; it is subject to campaign finance laws and Federal

Checks and balances

supported a strong central government and ratification of the Constitution

Gatekeepers media executives, news editors, and prominent reporters who decide what news to present and how it will be presented

Gender gap a situation in which men and women hold different positions on a wide range of political issues

Concurrent jurisdiction jurisdiction the authority to hear cases is shared by federal and state courts

Political socialization

Exclusionary rule

Ratification method of enacting a constitution or amendment into law

refers to the review, monitoring, and supervision of federal agencies, programs, activities, and policy implementation

Closed primary a primary election that is limited to registered voters of a particular political party

Mapp v. Ohio (1961)

the practice of allowing senators from the president's party who represent the state where a judicial district is located, to approve or disapprove potential nominees for the lower federal courts

Republic a government that derives its authority from the people and in which citizens elect government officials to represent them in the processes by which laws are made; a representative democracy

Judicial restraint

Hate speech offensive speech against racial or ethnic minorities, women, and homosexuals that creates a hostile environment

allows citizens to register to vote at welfare and motor vehicle offices

an unauthorized release of information to the press from someone in the government

Federal budget decicit the difference in any year between government spending and government revenue

General election voters choose office holder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents

Appellate courts courts with authority to review cases heard by other courts to correct errors in the interpretation or application of law

Keynesian economics the belief that inflation occurs when too much money is chasing too few goods; the government must manage the economy by spending more money when in a recession and cutting spending when there is inflation

Motor Voter Law allows citizens to register to vote at welfare and motor vehicle offices

Delegated powers powers specifically granted to the national government in the Constitution

New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) establishes? The government cannot exert prior restraint.

Recall special election initiated by petition to allow citizens to remove an official from office before his or her term

Pluralist theory of democracy interest groups compete in the political arena with each promoting its own policy preferences through organized efforts

Closed primary a primary election that is limited to registered voters of a particular political party

Rules committee determines the rules for debate for bills in the House

using actions and symbols rather than words to convey an idea

Politico a member of Congress who acts as a delegate on issues that constituents care about (such as immigration reform) and as a trustee on more complex or less salient issues (some foreign policy or regulatory matters)

Slander false verbal statements about others that harm their reputation

Federal question a question of law based on interpretation of the US Constitution, federal laws, or treaties

when no candidate receives a majority of votes, and election held between the two candidates who recorded the most votes in the primary

Realigning election when a minority party wins by building a new coalition of voters that continues over successive election

Incorporation

the exchange of political favors for support of a bill; an agreement between two or more members of Congress to vote for each other's bills

Referendum a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct

Policy implementation

Fiscal policy how the government uses taxes and spending to impact the economy

Candidate

an unauthorized release of information to the press from someone in the government

common policy concerns an association of congressional members who advocate a political ideology, regional, ethnic, or economic interest

Ratification method of enacting a constitution or amendment into law

Judicial review

Coattail effect the ability of a strong or popular candidate to get other candidates on the ticket elected; it is a term most

Federalism a division of governmental powers between the national government and the states

direct majority or minority party strategy and decisions in the House and Senate

Straw Poll a poll conducted in an unscientific manner, used to predict election outcomes

Federal budget decicit the difference in any year between government spending and government revenue

the warning that an individual must be read at the time of arrest and questioning, letting him know his 5th and 6th amendment rights

End this game?