Trustee
after listening to constituents, elected representatives vote based on their own opinions
Closed primary
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
The Supreme Court concluded that "actual malice" must be proved to support a finding of libel against a public figure. Principle of "breathing space"
Categorical grants
a political organization, typically at the local level, that wielded considerable power through its ability to get out the vote; relied heavily on patronage and providing services to constituents and was often corrupt
Unanimous consent
Fiscal federalism
economic policy in which the money supply is controlled through the Federal Reserve
Federalism
a division of governmental powers between the national government and the states
Reserved powers
under the 10th Amendment, powers not granted to the federal government or denied to the states reserved for the states or the people
Primary election
Constituency
service casework; assistance to constituents by congressional members
Before police interrogate, suspect must learn of rights like the Fifth Amendment
Policy implementation
carrying out a policy through government agencies and courts
Republic
a group of private citizens whose goal is to influence and shape public policy
the belief that inflation occurs when too much money is chasing too few goods; the government must manage the economy by spending more money when in a recession and cutting spending when there is inflation
false written statements about others that harm their reputation
Dealigning
election party loyalty becomes less important to voters, and they vote for the other party candidate or
a party national convention at which no candidate has won a majority of the delegates in the primaries; the candidate is chosen by the convention
Mass media
all forms of communication that reach a large portion of the population
Direct primary
party members vote to nominate their candidate for the general election
Exclusionary rule
that evidence acquired as a result of an illegal act by police cannot be used against the person from whom it was seized
Concurrent powers
Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)
Constitution
the document setting forth the laws and principles of the government; a plan for government
Pocket veto
when the president takes no action on a bill within ten days of Congress adjourning, the bill does not become law
De facto segregation
Rule of four
Subsidy
