French Phase (1635-1648)
Used this war as an excuse to fight the Habsburgs in Spain in order to assure that they would not rebound from the Protestant defeats
A Catholic court that inquired into the beliefs of people to see if they were heretics
Massacre of Vassy
Helped start the 30 years war because he challenged the catholic absolutism of the holy Roman emperor Ferdinand 2nd
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
Hugenots
French Protestants
Catholic Reformation
Banks began handling so much money, new techniques were developed to keep track of it. Double entry booking was a way of keeping track of everyone’s debts and bank balance.
Peace of Augsburg
A treaty between Charles V and the German Protestant princes that let each prince choose the religion of their kingdom (only Protestant or catholic)
Council of Trent
Aimed to reform the church and reconcile with Protestants. They cracked down on corruption and created a spiritual reawakening.
Catholics defeated the Protestants and reestablished Catholicism (bohemian phase)
the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648. Marked the end of Europe's religious wars, amended the Augsburg agreement, and weakened the holy Roman emperor
called by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1521. Luther was ordered to recant but he refused. Charles V declared Luther an outlaw.
Edict of Nantes
document that granted religious freedom to the Huguenots in France
Simony
favoritism to relatives
30 years war: Bohemian Phase (1618-1625)
Jesuits
members of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic religious order founded by Ignatius of Loyola
Social order in 16th century europe
Land ownership important, wealth important, religion, and patriarchy (less in rural areas)
Predestination
Calvinist belief that God long ago determined who would gain salvation
In 1500s to 1600s about 50 thousand women were killed for being witches. Caused by patriarchal beliefs (women are too weak to resist the devil)
Anabaptists
A Protestant sect that believed only adults could make a free choice regarding religion; they also advocated pacifism, separation of church and state, and democratic church organization.
Index of Prohibited Books
Indulgences
Danish Phase (1625-1629)
King of Denmark, who was Protestant, led attacks against the Catholics. War is transforming from a local conflict, to a tran-national war
Defenestration of Prague
Swedish Phase (1630-1635)
Marks the point at which the war extended beyond the borders of the Holy Roman Empire and became a proper European war. King gustavus Adolphus, a brilliant strategist scored major victories for the Protestants, with aid from France.
Stocks
Where they would put you if you broke the law. Your arms and legs are restrained and anyone in town can throw things at you.
