Agriculture Revolution (1600s-1800s)
Agricultural output tripled despite urbanization thanks to new farming technology
The intendant system
Triennial Act (1641)
A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.
Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top
Before becoming king of England with Mary, he led the Calvinist revolt against Spain in the Netherlands in the 80 years war
The 30 years war weakened the influence of the Catholic Church and the growing merchant class wanted more stability.
Constitutionalsim
The government is limited by the rule of law. The monarch had to share power.
Oliver Cromwells dictatorship
Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them
Oliver Cromwell captured King Charles I and did away with political opposition in parliament, and then had King Charles beheaded.
Hugenots flee France
Hundreds of thousands fled, robbing France of its healthy merchant class
Peter the great's religious reform
Reorganized the Russian Orthodox Church and replaced leadership with his appointees
80 Years War (1568-1648)
Between king Phillip ||| of Spain and 17 provinces of Netherlands , provinces won the war. Was fought over Spanish control of Dutch wealth and tolerance of Protestantism
King Louis the 14th repealed the edict of Nantes
Wanted to promote religious unity to gain power
Waterframe
spinning machine powered by water wheel, invented by Richard Arkwright
Triangle Trade
a trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa
Divine right to rule, conflicts with parliament over money needed to put down rebellions, and conflict with puritans over religion. King Charles I married a catholic.
Doctrine that states that the right of ruling comes from God and not people's consent
Mary and William of orange offered the throne by parliament to replace James II (successor to Charles II), after he fled. Peaceful* transfer of power. Ended divine right of kings and English bill of rights
Jean Colbert's mercantilist policies
Jean Colbert, king Louis 14th’s finance minister implemented mercantilist policies to reduce France’s debt, improve domestic industry, expand colonial holdings, and created a favorable balance of trade. King Louis 14 wars undid these improvement
Peter the great reforms
Visited Europe and convinced Russia needed to westernize and that he wanted to consolidate power for himself. Political reform, religious reform, cultural reform. To pay for the reforms, he tripled taxes so the peasants hated him
Battle of Vienna (1683)
What did the Palace of Versailles do?
Puritans
Jethro Tull's seed drill
The fronde
Rebellion of French nobles against cardinal mazarin, who was consolidating state power and taking away from the nobles. The Fronde threw France into chaos and cardinal mazarin eventually prevailed. The people realized they needed strong king
Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell
Colombian exchange impact on the agricultural revolution
Allowed for new crop-rotation methods and improved European diets which increased life-spans
Said by Louis the 14th, the absolute ruler of france
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
Monarchs consolidating all state power under themselves in order to advance the needs of their own state
