Peace of Utrecht (1713)
The pact concluding the War of the Spanish Succession, forbidding the union of France with Spain. Maintained the balance of power in Europe.
During the Industrial Revolution, insurance started to gain prevalence. Insurance for entrepreneurs gave them the confidence to invest a very large amount of money on industrializing
putting-out system
What did the Palace of Versailles do?
King Louis the 14th relocated many nobles to his palace at Versailles where he could keep an eye on them and demand their loyalty.
Mercantilism
King Louis the 14th repealed the edict of Nantes
Wanted to promote religious unity to gain power
A war fought over the Spanish throne. Louis XIV wanted it for his grandson and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman who wanted to maintain the balance of power.
“I am the state”
Said by Louis the 14th, the absolute ruler of france
a trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa
Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil
Workers Guilds
associations of artisans organized to regulate the quality, quantity, and price of the goods produced as well as the number of affiliated apprentices and journeymen
Triennial Act (1641)
A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.
English Civil War (1642-1649)
Battle of Vienna (1683)
Last unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to take central Europe in 1683, cementing Habsburg control in southeastern Europe and ending Ottoman westward expansion.
Jean Colbert's mercantilist policies
Absolutism causes
Puritans
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
Peter the great's religious reform
Glorious Revolution (1688)
Mary and William of orange offered the throne by parliament to replace James II (successor to Charles II), after he fled. Peaceful* transfer of power. Ended divine right of kings and English bill of rights
English Bill of Rights (1689)
Included provisions for parliament, not the monarch to levy taxes. Stipulated that when parliament made a law, it couldn't be overturned by the monarch
Colombian exchange impact on the agricultural revolution
Tried to shape Russian culture to fit the image of Western Europe. Ex: Beard tax
The intendant system
King Louis the 14th sent representatives of himself to implement his policies across France. Undermined the authority of local governors and the nobility
Restoration period
Oliver Cromwells dictatorship
Oliver Cromwell captured King Charles I and did away with political opposition in parliament, and then had King Charles beheaded.
After the peace of Westphalia, wars were fought to maintain the balance of power instead of over religion
William of Orange
Before becoming king of England with Mary, he led the Calvinist revolt against Spain in the Netherlands in the 80 years war
Nations who expanded their military found themselves on the winning side of balance of power. Started an arms race as France, Sweden and others rapidly expanded their military after the 30 years war
Divine Right of Kings
Doctrine that states that the right of ruling comes from God and not people's consent
