consumer culture
Absolutism causes
The 30 years war weakened the influence of the Catholic Church and the growing merchant class wanted more stability.
Constitutionalsim
Restoration period
Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.
Mercantilism
An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought
Doctrine that states that the right of ruling comes from God and not people's consent
Workers Guilds
associations of artisans organized to regulate the quality, quantity, and price of the goods produced as well as the number of affiliated apprentices and journeymen
Oliver Cromwells dictatorship
Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them
Puritans
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
Battle of Vienna (1683)
Last unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to take central Europe in 1683, cementing Habsburg control in southeastern Europe and ending Ottoman westward expansion.
Partition of Poland
Weak constitutional monarchy of Poland, was split between Austria, Prussia, and Russia worked together to divide Poland. Did this to maintain the balance of power between each other
Absolutism
King Louis the 14th relocated many nobles to his palace at Versailles where he could keep an eye on them and demand their loyalty.
Peace of Utrecht (1713)
The pact concluding the War of the Spanish Succession, forbidding the union of France with Spain. Maintained the balance of power in Europe.
Dutch States General
The Dutch federal assembly which comprised of Dutch oligarchs who made policy that served their best interests
Rump Parliament
mechanical hoe
Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil
Waterframe
spinning machine powered by water wheel, invented by Richard Arkwright
A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.
Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system
Agricultural output tripled despite urbanization thanks to new farming technology
After the peace of Westphalia, wars were fought to maintain the balance of power instead of over religion
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
A war fought over the Spanish throne. Louis XIV wanted it for his grandson and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman who wanted to maintain the balance of power.
Wanted to promote religious unity to gain power
English Civil War (1642-1649)
Conflict between the king, parliament, and other elites over their respective roles in the political structure
Peter the great's cultural reforms
Colombian exchange impact on the agricultural revolution
Allowed for new crop-rotation methods and improved European diets which increased life-spans
End of the English civl war
King Louis the 14th sent representatives of himself to implement his policies across France. Undermined the authority of local governors and the nobility
Hundreds of thousands fled, robbing France of its healthy merchant class
