Puritans
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.
Doctrine that states that the right of ruling comes from God and not people's consent
Constitutionalsim
The government is limited by the rule of law. The monarch had to share power.
Restoration period
Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.
putting-out system
Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system
Oliver Cromwells dictatorship
Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them
Absolutism
mechanical hoe
Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil
New Model Army
“I am the state”
Said by Louis the 14th, the absolute ruler of france
Agricultural output tripled despite urbanization thanks to new farming technology
The 30 years war weakened the influence of the Catholic Church and the growing merchant class wanted more stability.
Wanted to promote religious unity to gain power
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
The fronde
Rebellion of French nobles against cardinal mazarin, who was consolidating state power and taking away from the nobles. The Fronde threw France into chaos and cardinal mazarin eventually prevailed. The people realized they needed strong king
Rump Parliament
The Cromwell-controlled Parliament that proclaimed England a republic and abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy.
Rise of insurance
During the Industrial Revolution, insurance started to gain prevalence. Insurance for entrepreneurs gave them the confidence to invest a very large amount of money on industrializing
The republic in England established by Oliver Cromwell, though in reality, it was a military dictatorship
Colombian exchange impact on the agricultural revolution
Peter the great's religious reform
Reorganized the Russian Orthodox Church and replaced leadership with his appointees
Peter the great reforms
Visited Europe and convinced Russia needed to westernize and that he wanted to consolidate power for himself. Political reform, religious reform, cultural reform. To pay for the reforms, he tripled taxes so the peasants hated him
The pact concluding the War of the Spanish Succession, forbidding the union of France with Spain. Maintained the balance of power in Europe.
Military impact of balance of power wars
End of the English civl war
Oliver Cromwell captured King Charles I and did away with political opposition in parliament, and then had King Charles beheaded.
Peter the great's political reform
Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top
Lower prices thanks to Industrial Revolution, agricultural Revolution, and the slave trade made many new things affordable for middle class Europeans, who started buying more stuff
Mercantilism
An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought
William of Orange
Tried to shape Russian culture to fit the image of Western Europe. Ex: Beard tax
