Rump Parliament
The Cromwell-controlled Parliament that proclaimed England a republic and abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy.
mechanical hoe
Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil
Absolutism
End of the English civl war
After the peace of Westphalia, wars were fought to maintain the balance of power instead of over religion
Absolutism causes
Battle of Vienna (1683)
Glorious Revolution (1688)
Agriculture Revolution (1600s-1800s)
Agricultural output tripled despite urbanization thanks to new farming technology
Military impact of balance of power wars
Nations who expanded their military found themselves on the winning side of balance of power. Started an arms race as France, Sweden and others rapidly expanded their military after the 30 years war
Triangle Trade
Dutch States General
The Dutch federal assembly which comprised of Dutch oligarchs who made policy that served their best interests
Waterframe
spinning machine powered by water wheel, invented by Richard Arkwright
Jethro Tull's seed drill
Made sure seeds were planted at exact intervals and made sure they were covered with dirt
Colombian exchange impact on the agricultural revolution
Restoration period
Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.
William of Orange
Before becoming king of England with Mary, he led the Calvinist revolt against Spain in the Netherlands in the 80 years war
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
“I am the state”
Said by Louis the 14th, the absolute ruler of france
Constitutionalsim
The government is limited by the rule of law. The monarch had to share power.
New Model Army
Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell
Workers Guilds
associations of artisans organized to regulate the quality, quantity, and price of the goods produced as well as the number of affiliated apprentices and journeymen
Peter the great's cultural reforms
Tried to shape Russian culture to fit the image of Western Europe. Ex: Beard tax
putting-out system
Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system
Hundreds of thousands fled, robbing France of its healthy merchant class
English Bill of Rights (1689)
Included provisions for parliament, not the monarch to levy taxes. Stipulated that when parliament made a law, it couldn't be overturned by the monarch
Jean Colbert's mercantilist policies
80 Years War (1568-1648)
Between king Phillip ||| of Spain and 17 provinces of Netherlands , provinces won the war. Was fought over Spanish control of Dutch wealth and tolerance of Protestantism
Peter the great's political reform
Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top
Peter the great's religious reform
