Unit 3 review (1648-1815) duel

Absolutism causes The 30 years war weakened the influence of the Catholic Church and the growing merchant class wanted more stability.

Oliver Cromwells dictatorship Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them

Jethro Tull's seed drill Made sure seeds were planted at exact intervals and made sure they were covered with dirt

Waterframe spinning machine powered by water wheel, invented by Richard Arkwright

War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)

Dutch States General The Dutch federal assembly which comprised of Dutch oligarchs who made policy that served their best interests

New Model Army

Partition of Poland

“I am the state”

Rebellion of French nobles against cardinal mazarin, who was consolidating state power and taking away from the nobles. The Fronde threw France into chaos and cardinal mazarin eventually prevailed. The people realized they needed strong king

A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.

Colombian exchange impact on the agricultural revolution Allowed for new crop-rotation methods and improved European diets which increased life-spans

Peter the great reforms

Constitutionalsim The government is limited by the rule of law. The monarch had to share power.

English civl war causes

Peace of Utrecht (1713)

Rise of insurance

putting-out system Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system

Puritans

English Civil War (1642-1649) Conflict between the king, parliament, and other elites over their respective roles in the political structure

Restoration period Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.

Peter the great's political reform Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top

Included provisions for parliament, not the monarch to levy taxes. Stipulated that when parliament made a law, it couldn't be overturned by the monarch

The intendant system King Louis the 14th sent representatives of himself to implement his policies across France. Undermined the authority of local governors and the nobility

Military impact of balance of power wars

Agriculture Revolution (1600s-1800s)

Absolutism Monarchs consolidating all state power under themselves in order to advance the needs of their own state

Triangle Trade a trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa

Rump Parliament The Cromwell-controlled Parliament that proclaimed England a republic and abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy.

Peter the great's religious reform Reorganized the Russian Orthodox Church and replaced leadership with his appointees

English Civil War (1642-1649) Conflict between the king, parliament, and other elites over their respective roles in the political structure

Partition of Poland Weak constitutional monarchy of Poland, was split between Austria, Prussia, and Russia worked together to divide Poland. Did this to maintain the balance of power between each other

Dutch States General

Mercantilism

End of the English civl war Oliver Cromwell captured King Charles I and did away with political opposition in parliament, and then had King Charles beheaded.

Hugenots flee France Hundreds of thousands fled, robbing France of its healthy merchant class

Last unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to take central Europe in 1683, cementing Habsburg control in southeastern Europe and ending Ottoman westward expansion.

After the peace of Westphalia, wars were fought to maintain the balance of power instead of over religion

Visited Europe and convinced Russia needed to westernize and that he wanted to consolidate power for himself. Political reform, religious reform, cultural reform. To pay for the reforms, he tripled taxes so the peasants hated him

Wanted to promote religious unity to gain power

Peace of Utrecht (1713) The pact concluding the War of the Spanish Succession, forbidding the union of France with Spain. Maintained the balance of power in Europe.

King Louis the 14th sent representatives of himself to implement his policies across France. Undermined the authority of local governors and the nobility

The 30 years war weakened the influence of the Catholic Church and the growing merchant class wanted more stability.

Jean Colbert's mercantilist policies Jean Colbert, king Louis 14th’s finance minister implemented mercantilist policies to reduce France’s debt, improve domestic industry, expand colonial holdings, and created a favorable balance of trade. King Louis 14 wars undid these improvement

Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell

Puritans A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.

A war fought over the Spanish throne. Louis XIV wanted it for his grandson and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman who wanted to maintain the balance of power.

Absolutism

80 Years War (1568-1648)

Rise of insurance During the Industrial Revolution, insurance started to gain prevalence. Insurance for entrepreneurs gave them the confidence to invest a very large amount of money on industrializing

Made sure seeds were planted at exact intervals and made sure they were covered with dirt

Restoration period Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.

consumer culture

Allowed for new crop-rotation methods and improved European diets which increased life-spans

Workers Guilds associations of artisans organized to regulate the quality, quantity, and price of the goods produced as well as the number of affiliated apprentices and journeymen

Peter the great's political reform Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top

Triennial Act (1641) A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.

mechanical hoe Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil

Reorganized the Russian Orthodox Church and replaced leadership with his appointees

Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them

End this game?