English civl war causes
Divine right to rule, conflicts with parliament over money needed to put down rebellions, and conflict with puritans over religion. King Charles I married a catholic.
End of the English civl war
Oliver Cromwell captured King Charles I and did away with political opposition in parliament, and then had King Charles beheaded.
A war fought over the Spanish throne. Louis XIV wanted it for his grandson and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman who wanted to maintain the balance of power.
The republic in England established by Oliver Cromwell, though in reality, it was a military dictatorship
putting-out system
Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system
Peter the great's political reform
“I am the state”
Said by Louis the 14th, the absolute ruler of france
Hundreds of thousands fled, robbing France of its healthy merchant class
consumer culture
King Louis the 14th relocated many nobles to his palace at Versailles where he could keep an eye on them and demand their loyalty.
The 30 years war weakened the influence of the Catholic Church and the growing merchant class wanted more stability.
Military impact of balance of power wars
Nations who expanded their military found themselves on the winning side of balance of power. Started an arms race as France, Sweden and others rapidly expanded their military after the 30 years war
The intendant system
King Louis the 14th repealed the edict of Nantes
Wanted to promote religious unity to gain power
Peace of Utrecht (1713)
Glorious Revolution (1688)
Mary and William of orange offered the throne by parliament to replace James II (successor to Charles II), after he fled. Peaceful* transfer of power. Ended divine right of kings and English bill of rights
Mercantilism
Monarchs consolidating all state power under themselves in order to advance the needs of their own state
Rebellion of French nobles against cardinal mazarin, who was consolidating state power and taking away from the nobles. The Fronde threw France into chaos and cardinal mazarin eventually prevailed. The people realized they needed strong king
Rise of insurance
Jean Colbert, king Louis 14th’s finance minister implemented mercantilist policies to reduce France’s debt, improve domestic industry, expand colonial holdings, and created a favorable balance of trade. King Louis 14 wars undid these improvement
Peter the great's religious reform
Reorganized the Russian Orthodox Church and replaced leadership with his appointees
Partition of Poland
Weak constitutional monarchy of Poland, was split between Austria, Prussia, and Russia worked together to divide Poland. Did this to maintain the balance of power between each other
New Model Army
Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell
Restoration period
Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.
English Civil War (1642-1649)
Dutch States General
The Dutch federal assembly which comprised of Dutch oligarchs who made policy that served their best interests
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
Agriculture Revolution (1600s-1800s)
Agricultural output tripled despite urbanization thanks to new farming technology
Rump Parliament
The Cromwell-controlled Parliament that proclaimed England a republic and abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy.
