Rump Parliament
The Cromwell-controlled Parliament that proclaimed England a republic and abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy.
Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
A war fought over the Spanish throne. Louis XIV wanted it for his grandson and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman who wanted to maintain the balance of power.
a trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa
putting-out system
Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system
Jethro Tull's seed drill
Made sure seeds were planted at exact intervals and made sure they were covered with dirt
Said by Louis the 14th, the absolute ruler of france
English Civil War (1642-1649)
Conflict between the king, parliament, and other elites over their respective roles in the political structure
Peter the great reforms
Mercantilism
The intendant system
King Louis the 14th sent representatives of himself to implement his policies across France. Undermined the authority of local governors and the nobility
Triennial Act (1641)
A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.
Jean Colbert, king Louis 14th’s finance minister implemented mercantilist policies to reduce France’s debt, improve domestic industry, expand colonial holdings, and created a favorable balance of trade. King Louis 14 wars undid these improvement
Agricultural output tripled despite urbanization thanks to new farming technology
Dutch States General
Oliver Cromwells dictatorship
Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them
English Bill of Rights (1689)
Before becoming king of England with Mary, he led the Calvinist revolt against Spain in the Netherlands in the 80 years war
Glorious Revolution (1688)
Mary and William of orange offered the throne by parliament to replace James II (successor to Charles II), after he fled. Peaceful* transfer of power. Ended divine right of kings and English bill of rights
Military impact of balance of power wars
Nations who expanded their military found themselves on the winning side of balance of power. Started an arms race as France, Sweden and others rapidly expanded their military after the 30 years war
Partition of Poland
Weak constitutional monarchy of Poland, was split between Austria, Prussia, and Russia worked together to divide Poland. Did this to maintain the balance of power between each other
Battle of Vienna (1683)
Last unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to take central Europe in 1683, cementing Habsburg control in southeastern Europe and ending Ottoman westward expansion.
80 Years War (1568-1648)
Between king Phillip ||| of Spain and 17 provinces of Netherlands , provinces won the war. Was fought over Spanish control of Dutch wealth and tolerance of Protestantism
Peter the great's political reform
Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top
New Model Army
Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell
Colombian exchange impact on the agricultural revolution
Allowed for new crop-rotation methods and improved European diets which increased life-spans
The fronde
Rise of insurance
During the Industrial Revolution, insurance started to gain prevalence. Insurance for entrepreneurs gave them the confidence to invest a very large amount of money on industrializing
What did the Palace of Versailles do?
Waterframe
spinning machine powered by water wheel, invented by Richard Arkwright
