The 30 years war weakened the influence of the Catholic Church and the growing merchant class wanted more stability.
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
A war fought over the Spanish throne. Louis XIV wanted it for his grandson and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman who wanted to maintain the balance of power.
A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.
Visited Europe and convinced Russia needed to westernize and that he wanted to consolidate power for himself. Political reform, religious reform, cultural reform. To pay for the reforms, he tripled taxes so the peasants hated him
Battle of Vienna (1683)
English Civil War (1642-1649)
Conflict between the king, parliament, and other elites over their respective roles in the political structure
Absolutism
Monarchs consolidating all state power under themselves in order to advance the needs of their own state
English civl war causes
Divine right to rule, conflicts with parliament over money needed to put down rebellions, and conflict with puritans over religion. King Charles I married a catholic.
Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.
Rise of insurance
During the Industrial Revolution, insurance started to gain prevalence. Insurance for entrepreneurs gave them the confidence to invest a very large amount of money on industrializing
What did the Palace of Versailles do?
King Louis the 14th relocated many nobles to his palace at Versailles where he could keep an eye on them and demand their loyalty.
Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system
Oliver Cromwells dictatorship
Dutch States General
The Dutch federal assembly which comprised of Dutch oligarchs who made policy that served their best interests
mechanical hoe
Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil
Workers Guilds
associations of artisans organized to regulate the quality, quantity, and price of the goods produced as well as the number of affiliated apprentices and journeymen
Jean Colbert's mercantilist policies
Jean Colbert, king Louis 14th’s finance minister implemented mercantilist policies to reduce France’s debt, improve domestic industry, expand colonial holdings, and created a favorable balance of trade. King Louis 14 wars undid these improvement
English Bill of Rights (1689)
Rump Parliament
The Cromwell-controlled Parliament that proclaimed England a republic and abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy.
Between king Phillip ||| of Spain and 17 provinces of Netherlands , provinces won the war. Was fought over Spanish control of Dutch wealth and tolerance of Protestantism
Partition of Poland
spinning machine powered by water wheel, invented by Richard Arkwright
After the peace of Westphalia, wars were fought to maintain the balance of power instead of over religion
The protectorate
The republic in England established by Oliver Cromwell, though in reality, it was a military dictatorship
The government is limited by the rule of law. The monarch had to share power.
Allowed for new crop-rotation methods and improved European diets which increased life-spans
Divine Right of Kings
Doctrine that states that the right of ruling comes from God and not people's consent
End of the English civl war
Oliver Cromwell captured King Charles I and did away with political opposition in parliament, and then had King Charles beheaded.
“I am the state”
Said by Louis the 14th, the absolute ruler of france
Peter the great's political reform
Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top
