Divine Right of Kings
“I am the state”
New Model Army
Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell
Absolutism causes
The 30 years war weakened the influence of the Catholic Church and the growing merchant class wanted more stability.
Last unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to take central Europe in 1683, cementing Habsburg control in southeastern Europe and ending Ottoman westward expansion.
What did the Palace of Versailles do?
Waterframe
spinning machine powered by water wheel, invented by Richard Arkwright
Constitutionalsim
The government is limited by the rule of law. The monarch had to share power.
Increased the efficiency with which weeds were removed from the soil
Conflict between the king, parliament, and other elites over their respective roles in the political structure
Restoration period
Colombian exchange impact on the agricultural revolution
Allowed for new crop-rotation methods and improved European diets which increased life-spans
Hugenots flee France
Hundreds of thousands fled, robbing France of its healthy merchant class
Rise of insurance
During the Industrial Revolution, insurance started to gain prevalence. Insurance for entrepreneurs gave them the confidence to invest a very large amount of money on industrializing
putting-out system
Before factories, goods during the Industrial Revolution were mainly made in peoples homes through the putting out system
Oliver Cromwells dictatorship
Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them
Rump Parliament
English Bill of Rights (1689)
Included provisions for parliament, not the monarch to levy taxes. Stipulated that when parliament made a law, it couldn't be overturned by the monarch
a trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa
Puritans
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
Peter the great's political reform
Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top
English civl war causes
Divine right to rule, conflicts with parliament over money needed to put down rebellions, and conflict with puritans over religion. King Charles I married a catholic.
consumer culture
Lower prices thanks to Industrial Revolution, agricultural Revolution, and the slave trade made many new things affordable for middle class Europeans, who started buying more stuff
associations of artisans organized to regulate the quality, quantity, and price of the goods produced as well as the number of affiliated apprentices and journeymen
Glorious Revolution (1688)
Mary and William of orange offered the throne by parliament to replace James II (successor to Charles II), after he fled. Peaceful* transfer of power. Ended divine right of kings and English bill of rights
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
King Louis the 14th repealed the edict of Nantes
Wanted to promote religious unity to gain power
Peter the great's religious reform
Reorganized the Russian Orthodox Church and replaced leadership with his appointees
The protectorate
The republic in England established by Oliver Cromwell, though in reality, it was a military dictatorship
A document passed by the House of Commons during the Long Parliament that required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years.
