Thomas Hobbes
Johannes Kepler
Affirmed Copernicus’ findings and through complex math of his own, found that plants orbit in ellipses, not perfect circles
Francis Bacon
Developed inductive reasoning
Contagious Diseases Act
This allowed police officers to arrest any woman they suspected to be a prostitute. They were then permitted to give that woman an examination to prevent the spread of STDs. This is state-sponsered sexual assault.
Using specific observations to create general principles
Social Contract
Tenaments
a cheap apartment building often crammed with people created in response to the influx of people moving into cities
Thanks to new technologies, fewer people were required for farming, leading many to move to the cities.
Scientific method
Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations
William Harvey
Further overturned Galen’s theory by proving how the circulatory system works
Salon
private drawing rooms where wealthy Parisian women would have intellectual discussions with aristocrats
Neoclassicism
In the later 1700s, the nature and subject of art shifted from state and religious themes to themes that appealed to bourgeoisie society
John Locke
Argued that natural rights were given by god, not a government, so a government couldn’t take them away. Therefore power originates with the people
Population increases in the 1700s
Rising birth rates, improving medical technology, vaccines, and bubonic plague went away
Charter of towns 1792
Catherine the great extended civl liberties to Russian Jews
Deductive reasoning
Using general principles to determine specific consitions
Voltaire argued that there was a god, but god didn’t intervene in human affairs.
Coffee Houses
Grew with the increased demand for leisure during the consumer revolution and helped spread enlightenment ideas
Nicolaus Copernicus
Challenged the geocentric model of the universe through mathematics and put forward the heliocentric model, where everything orbits the sun.
The body is made up of 4 substances: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and flem? Imbalance of these 4 lead to disease. This is where blood letting came from
Galileo Galilei
Built a telescope and observed that other planets and moons, existed, and weren’t just balls of light
A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy. Similar ideas to John Locke. Idea of the social contract
Galen
Ancient Greek doctor who advanced the humoral theory of the body
Natural rights
A Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792)
Argued that women and men were equal, and anything women seemed inferior at, it was only because they had been denied education and opportunities by men
Saw that the population was rising faster than the food supply, thought Europe was heading towards starvation
Mary Wollstonecraft
English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women
Rejected the humoral theory and claimed that chemical imbalances caused disease, meaning chemical remedies could be used to cure people.
Enlightened Absolutism
