Unit 4 review (1648-1815) duel

Saw that the population was rising faster than the food supply, thought Europe was heading towards starvation

Galen Ancient Greek doctor who advanced the humoral theory of the body

Charter of towns 1792 Catherine the great extended civl liberties to Russian Jews

Voltaire Most famous French philosopher. Produced many works that criticized social and religious institutions of France. Supported religious tolerance, natural rights, but didn’t believe in democracy, only enlightened absolutism

Salon

Attacked mercantilist economics. Promoted laissez-faire, free-market economy, and supply-and-demand economics.

These new ideas from Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo are challenging established beliefs of the Catholic Church during the catholic counter reformation. The geocentric model fit nicely with scripture so the church stuck with it.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Enlightened Absolutism a system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers. Rulers only acted enlightened when it benefitted them.

Urbanization

Paracelsus Rejected the humoral theory and claimed that chemical imbalances caused disease, meaning chemical remedies could be used to cure people.

Francis Bacon Developed inductive reasoning

Using specific observations to create general principles

Coffee Houses Grew with the increased demand for leisure during the consumer revolution and helped spread enlightenment ideas

Diderot defined it as someone who knows about god, but actively rejects his existence

Natural rights The idea that human beings, just by virtue of being human, possess rights like life liberty and property

Overall, religion was increasingly viewed as a matter of private, rather than public concern. Structures of society grew increasingly secular.

Humoral theory of the body The body is made up of 4 substances: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and flem? Imbalance of these 4 lead to disease. This is where blood letting came from

Nicolaus Copernicus Challenged the geocentric model of the universe through mathematics and put forward the heliocentric model, where everything orbits the sun.

Scientific method

A Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792) Argued that women and men were equal, and anything women seemed inferior at, it was only because they had been denied education and opportunities by men

Enlightened absolutists monarchs

William Harvey Further overturned Galen’s theory by proving how the circulatory system works

Thomas Hobbes

Galileo Galilei Built a telescope and observed that other planets and moons, existed, and weren’t just balls of light

Geocentric model of the universe Every body in the galaxy circled around the earth, including the sun. This was the Catholic Churches view and presumed model of the universe in midevil europe

Affirmed Copernicus’ findings and through complex math of his own, found that plants orbit in ellipses, not perfect circles

Deductive reasoning Using general principles to determine specific consitions

Population increases in the 1700s

John Locke

Contagious Diseases Act This allowed police officers to arrest any woman they suspected to be a prostitute. They were then permitted to give that woman an examination to prevent the spread of STDs. This is state-sponsered sexual assault.

Popes response to galieleo

Philosophes French thinkers

Tenaments

Geocentric model of the universe Every body in the galaxy circled around the earth, including the sun. This was the Catholic Churches view and presumed model of the universe in midevil europe

Population increases in the 1700s

Deism

Deductive reasoning Using general principles to determine specific consitions

Scientific method During the scientific Revolution, the scientific method was invented, which emphasizes observations and experimentation

Argued that women and men were equal, and anything women seemed inferior at, it was only because they had been denied education and opportunities by men

Affirmed Copernicus’ findings and through complex math of his own, found that plants orbit in ellipses, not perfect circles

Galileo Galilei

Thomas Hobbes There is no morality in the state of nature. You need government to order the chaos of nature

Social Contract A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules.

Humoral theory of the body The body is made up of 4 substances: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and flem? Imbalance of these 4 lead to disease. This is where blood letting came from

Francis Bacon Developed inductive reasoning

Paracelsus

Diderot defined it as someone who knows about god, but actively rejects his existence

Natural rights The idea that human beings, just by virtue of being human, possess rights like life liberty and property

English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women

Ancient Greek doctor who advanced the humoral theory of the body

Urbanization

Salon private drawing rooms where wealthy Parisian women would have intellectual discussions with aristocrats

Overall, religion was increasingly viewed as a matter of private, rather than public concern. Structures of society grew increasingly secular.

In the later 1700s, the nature and subject of art shifted from state and religious themes to themes that appealed to bourgeoisie society

Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations Attacked mercantilist economics. Promoted laissez-faire, free-market economy, and supply-and-demand economics.

John Locke Argued that natural rights were given by god, not a government, so a government couldn’t take them away. Therefore power originates with the people

Enlightened Absolutism a system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers. Rulers only acted enlightened when it benefitted them.

Charter of towns 1792 Catherine the great extended civl liberties to Russian Jews

End this game?