This allowed police officers to arrest any woman they suspected to be a prostitute. They were then permitted to give that woman an examination to prevent the spread of STDs. This is state-sponsered sexual assault.
Deism
Voltaire argued that there was a god, but god didn’t intervene in human affairs.
The body is made up of 4 substances: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and flem? Imbalance of these 4 lead to disease. This is where blood letting came from
Diderot defined it as someone who knows about god, but actively rejects his existence
Argued that women and men were equal, and anything women seemed inferior at, it was only because they had been denied education and opportunities by men
private drawing rooms where wealthy Parisian women would have intellectual discussions with aristocrats
a system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers. Rulers only acted enlightened when it benefitted them.
Popes response to galieleo
Despite him being a devote catholic, the pope ruled him a heretic and placed him under house arrest. But his books were published after his death
Paracelsus
William Harvey
Argued that natural rights were given by god, not a government, so a government couldn’t take them away. Therefore power originates with the people
Enlightenment views of religion
Overall, religion was increasingly viewed as a matter of private, rather than public concern. Structures of society grew increasingly secular.
Mary Wollstonecraft
Denis Diderot
Collaborated with other enlightened thinkers to edit and publish an encyclopedia that contained a rational explanation for everything.
Neoclassicism
In the later 1700s, the nature and subject of art shifted from state and religious themes to themes that appealed to bourgeoisie society
Consumer Revolution
Thanks to new technologies, fewer people were required for farming, leading many to move to the cities.
Saw that the population was rising faster than the food supply, thought Europe was heading towards starvation
Copernicus and keplers books ended up on the index of prohibited books
Social Contract
A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules.
Natural rights
The idea that human beings, just by virtue of being human, possess rights like life liberty and property
Reading Revolution
The transition in Europe from a society where literacy consisted of patriarchal and communal reading of religious texts to a society where literacy was commonplace and reading material was broad and diverse. Books also became less religious. So religious censorship increased
Charter of towns 1792
Catherine the great extended civl liberties to Russian Jews
Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations
Johannes Kepler
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy. Similar ideas to John Locke. Idea of the social contract
Francis Bacon
Developed inductive reasoning
Every body in the galaxy circled around the earth, including the sun. This was the Catholic Churches view and presumed model of the universe in midevil europe
Population increases in the 1700s
Thomas Hobbes
There is no morality in the state of nature. You need government to order the chaos of nature
