Unit 4 review (1648-1815) duel

Consumer Revolution

Galen Ancient Greek doctor who advanced the humoral theory of the body

Francis Bacon

Paracelsus

Saw that the population was rising faster than the food supply, thought Europe was heading towards starvation

Urbanization Thanks to new technologies, fewer people were required for farming, leading many to move to the cities.

Inductive reasoning

Scientific method During the scientific Revolution, the scientific method was invented, which emphasizes observations and experimentation

private drawing rooms where wealthy Parisian women would have intellectual discussions with aristocrats

Population increases in the 1700s Rising birth rates, improving medical technology, vaccines, and bubonic plague went away

Overall, religion was increasingly viewed as a matter of private, rather than public concern. Structures of society grew increasingly secular.

Thomas Hobbes There is no morality in the state of nature. You need government to order the chaos of nature

Enlightened Absolutism

Deductive reasoning

A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy. Similar ideas to John Locke. Idea of the social contract

Coffee Houses Grew with the increased demand for leisure during the consumer revolution and helped spread enlightenment ideas

Nicolaus Copernicus

Tenaments

Atheism

The enlightenment Enlightenment thinkers applied new methods of reasoning to politics, and human institutions

Reading Revolution The transition in Europe from a society where literacy consisted of patriarchal and communal reading of religious texts to a society where literacy was commonplace and reading material was broad and diverse. Books also became less religious. So religious censorship increased

This allowed police officers to arrest any woman they suspected to be a prostitute. They were then permitted to give that woman an examination to prevent the spread of STDs. This is state-sponsered sexual assault.

The idea that human beings, just by virtue of being human, possess rights like life liberty and property

Johannes Kepler Affirmed Copernicus’ findings and through complex math of his own, found that plants orbit in ellipses, not perfect circles

Philosophes French thinkers

A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules.

Humoral theory of the body The body is made up of 4 substances: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and flem? Imbalance of these 4 lead to disease. This is where blood letting came from

Catherine the great extended civl liberties to Russian Jews

William Harvey Further overturned Galen’s theory by proving how the circulatory system works

Frederick the great of Prussia: tried to help the people. Increased freedoms of press and speech to weaken the nobility and strengthen his power.

There is no morality in the state of nature. You need government to order the chaos of nature

Nicolaus Copernicus Challenged the geocentric model of the universe through mathematics and put forward the heliocentric model, where everything orbits the sun.

Galileo Galilei Built a telescope and observed that other planets and moons, existed, and weren’t just balls of light

Population increases in the 1700s

Contagious Diseases Act This allowed police officers to arrest any woman they suspected to be a prostitute. They were then permitted to give that woman an examination to prevent the spread of STDs. This is state-sponsered sexual assault.

Galen Ancient Greek doctor who advanced the humoral theory of the body

Deductive reasoning

Salon private drawing rooms where wealthy Parisian women would have intellectual discussions with aristocrats

Diderot defined it as someone who knows about god, but actively rejects his existence

Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations Attacked mercantilist economics. Promoted laissez-faire, free-market economy, and supply-and-demand economics.

Coffee Houses Grew with the increased demand for leisure during the consumer revolution and helped spread enlightenment ideas

A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules.

Saw that the population was rising faster than the food supply, thought Europe was heading towards starvation

Johannes Kepler Affirmed Copernicus’ findings and through complex math of his own, found that plants orbit in ellipses, not perfect circles

Inductive reasoning

Denis Diderot Collaborated with other enlightened thinkers to edit and publish an encyclopedia that contained a rational explanation for everything.

English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women

The idea that human beings, just by virtue of being human, possess rights like life liberty and property

The transition in Europe from a society where literacy consisted of patriarchal and communal reading of religious texts to a society where literacy was commonplace and reading material was broad and diverse. Books also became less religious. So religious censorship increased

Despite him being a devote catholic, the pope ruled him a heretic and placed him under house arrest. But his books were published after his death

Tenaments a cheap apartment building often crammed with people created in response to the influx of people moving into cities

Geocentric model of the universe

John Locke Argued that natural rights were given by god, not a government, so a government couldn’t take them away. Therefore power originates with the people

French thinkers

In the later 1700s, the nature and subject of art shifted from state and religious themes to themes that appealed to bourgeoisie society

Middle and upper classes had more income, rise in demand for goods increased. People began wanting larger homes and more privacy and new venues for leisure

Voltaire argued that there was a god, but god didn’t intervene in human affairs.

Developed inductive reasoning

A Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792)

Scientific method

End this game?