UrbanizationThanks to new technologies, fewer people were required for farming, leading many to move to the cities.
Argued that natural rights were given by god, not a government, so a government couldn’t take them away. Therefore power originates with the people
Middle and upper classes had more income, rise in demand for goods increased. People began wanting larger homes and more privacy and new venues for leisure
Despite him being a devote catholic, the pope ruled him a heretic and placed him under house arrest. But his books were published after his death
Charter of towns 1792Catherine the great extended civl liberties to Russian Jews
Reading RevolutionThe transition in Europe from a society where literacy consisted of patriarchal and communal reading of religious texts to a society where literacy was commonplace and reading material was broad and diverse. Books also became less religious. So religious censorship increased
Boost!
Boost!
Every body in the galaxy circled around the earth, including the sun. This was the Catholic Churches view and presumed model of the universe in midevil europe
Attacked mercantilist economics. Promoted laissez-faire, free-market economy, and supply-and-demand economics.
Thomas HobbesThere is no morality in the state of nature. You need government to order the chaos of nature
AtheismDiderot defined it as someone who knows about god, but actively rejects his existence
Paracelsus
Francis Bacon
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Deductive reasoningUsing general principles to determine specific consitions
PhilosophesFrench thinkers
Social Contract
Nicolaus CopernicusChallenged the geocentric model of the universe through mathematics and put forward the heliocentric model, where everything orbits the sun.
Built a telescope and observed that other planets and moons, existed, and weren’t just balls of light
William Harvey Further overturned Galen’s theory by proving how the circulatory system works
Contagious Diseases Act
Scientific methodDuring the scientific Revolution, the scientific method was invented, which emphasizes observations and experimentation
Population increases in the 1700sRising birth rates, improving medical technology, vaccines, and bubonic plague went away
Enlightened Absolutism
Johannes KeplerAffirmed Copernicus’ findings and through complex math of his own, found that plants orbit in ellipses, not perfect circles
Enlightened absolutists monarchsFrederick the great of Prussia: tried to help the people. Increased freedoms of press and speech to weaken the nobility and strengthen his power.
Mary Wollstonecraft
Overall, religion was increasingly viewed as a matter of private, rather than public concern. Structures of society grew increasingly secular.
Frozen!
Frozen!
Coffee Houses
Coffee Houses
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Catherine the great extended civl liberties to Russian Jews
Inductive reasoningUsing specific observations to create general principles
Copernicus and keplers books ended up on the index of prohibited booksThese new ideas from Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo are challenging established beliefs of the Catholic Church during the catholic counter reformation. The geocentric model fit nicely with scripture so the church stuck with it.
Diderot defined it as someone who knows about god, but actively rejects his existence
Tenamentsa cheap apartment building often crammed with people created in response to the influx of people moving into cities
GalenAncient Greek doctor who advanced the humoral theory of the body
Adam Smith, The Wealth of NationsAttacked mercantilist economics. Promoted laissez-faire, free-market economy, and supply-and-demand economics.
Boost!
Boost!
Thomas Hobbes
The body is made up of 4 substances: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and flem? Imbalance of these 4 lead to disease. This is where blood letting came from
Natural rightsThe idea that human beings, just by virtue of being human, possess rights like life liberty and property
Social Contract
Mary WollstonecraftEnglish writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women
Nicolaus CopernicusChallenged the geocentric model of the universe through mathematics and put forward the heliocentric model, where everything orbits the sun.
Enlightenment thinkers applied new methods of reasoning to politics, and human institutions
Using general principles to determine specific consitions
A Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792)Argued that women and men were equal, and anything women seemed inferior at, it was only because they had been denied education and opportunities by men
In the later 1700s, the nature and subject of art shifted from state and religious themes to themes that appealed to bourgeoisie society
ParacelsusRejected the humoral theory and claimed that chemical imbalances caused disease, meaning chemical remedies could be used to cure people.
Consumer Revolution
Johannes Kepler
Popes response to galieleo
During the scientific Revolution, the scientific method was invented, which emphasizes observations and experimentation
Jean-Jacques RousseauA French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy. Similar ideas to John Locke. Idea of the social contract
Argued that natural rights were given by god, not a government, so a government couldn’t take them away. Therefore power originates with the people
Enlightenment views of religionOverall, religion was increasingly viewed as a matter of private, rather than public concern. Structures of society grew increasingly secular.
William Harvey Further overturned Galen’s theory by proving how the circulatory system works
Contagious Diseases Act
Thanks to new technologies, fewer people were required for farming, leading many to move to the cities.
Frozen!
Frozen!
DeismVoltaire argued that there was a god, but god didn’t intervene in human affairs.