Napoleon returns to France from Elba after being forced to abdicate the throne by the coalition of nations. Tried to overthrow his replacement Louis the 18th, but was defeated by other nations and sent to St. Helena island.
Conference of Vienna (1815)
European states gathered to negotiate how to restore the balance of power that had been so messed up by napoleon. Tried to establish lasting peace in Europe. Led to 50 years of peace.
Constitution of 1791
established a limited monarchy with 3 branches of government: legislative assembly, king, and revised judicial system.
National Assembly nationalized and reforms the church
Confiscated church property, eliminated the taxes peasants had to pay the church, clergy were placed under state control
French Revolution economic causes
Expensive foreign wars (Louis 14-16) led to always increasing tax burden placed squarely on the peasants because the nobility was exempted from paying taxes
British East India Company
Provided competition to Riley dutch east India company
Effects of the French Revolution
National Assembly
King Louis locked the third estate out of the meeting room, they declared themselves the national assembly
Napoleon becomes emperor (1802)
Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain's economy so he could finally defeat them.
Tennis Court Oath
A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
Series of major wars led by French Emperor Napoleon against various Europeans powers after the French Revolution; ended with the failed invasion of Russia in 1812 and the loss at Waterloo in 1815. Spread French enlightenment ideas and rights.
An enlightened law code that included equality of citizens (men) before the law, protections of wealth and private property, and religious toleration
This is the agreement between Pope Pius VII and Napoleon that healed the religious division in France by giving the French Catholics free practice of their religion and Napoleon political power by retaining the right to nominate bishops and other church officials
Peninsular War (1808-1813)
The Spanish rebelled against napoleon's rule and the continental system. Started to weaken his rule
Government-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies. Aimed to dethrone the Portuguese dominance of Asian trade
Foreign responses to French revolution
Napoleanic code, centralized government under his own authority. Created a merit based bureaucracy. He figured out how to balance absolutism and enlightenment ideals.
Led to the Haitian revolution, other European thinkers argued against the chaos of the reign of terror and prevented the revolution from spreading
Led by the bourgeoisie. National Assembly drafted the declaration of the rights of man and citizen and nationalized the catholic church. Women played a large role in this phase
Napoleon Bonaparte
Great fear
A wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after the storming of the Bastille in 1789
October March on Versailles
French Revolution political causes
French revolution other cause
There was a bread shortage which finally sparked the revolution
People stormed a debtors prison for people who couldn't pay taxes, in response to learning that king Louis was assembling an army to crush the National Assembly
Reign of Terror
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Drew inspiration from enlightenment thinkers like Locke and Voltaire. Provided for freedom of speech and a representative government. Abolished the privileges of the upper estates, established popular sovereignty in France
Napoleaon curtailed the freedom of speech and press
Installed state-sponsored censors in every major newspaper
Napoleon's secret police
