Holds a vote and becomes first consul for life, he then uses that power to crown himself as emperor
Battle of Waterloo (1815)
Napoleon returns to France from Elba after being forced to abdicate the throne by the coalition of nations. Tried to overthrow his replacement Louis the 18th, but was defeated by other nations and sent to St. Helena island.
Napoleon Bonaparte
Led to the Haitian revolution, other European thinkers argued against the chaos of the reign of terror and prevented the revolution from spreading
October March on Versailles
British East India Company
French Revolution political causes
Imbalances in the estates general. 97% of the population only got 1 vote.
In 1799 napoleon returns from Egypt and helps overthrow the French government and establishes a three member consulate with himself as ruler. People supported a less representative government in exchange for peace and stability.
Constitution of 1791
established a limited monarchy with 3 branches of government: legislative assembly, king, and revised judicial system.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Drew inspiration from enlightenment thinkers like Locke and Voltaire. Provided for freedom of speech and a representative government. Abolished the privileges of the upper estates, established popular sovereignty in France
French revolutionary wars
A series of conflicts fought between the French Revolutionary government and European states hostile to the Revolution (1792-1802). A war of people against kings. France shocked everyone and won.
National Assembly
King Louis locked the third estate out of the meeting room, they declared themselves the national assembly
Napoleanic code, centralized government under his own authority. Created a merit based bureaucracy. He figured out how to balance absolutism and enlightenment ideals.
Dutch East India Company
Government-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies. Aimed to dethrone the Portuguese dominance of Asian trade
Conference of Vienna (1815)
European states gathered to negotiate how to restore the balance of power that had been so messed up by napoleon. Tried to establish lasting peace in Europe. Led to 50 years of peace.
Great fear
A wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after the storming of the Bastille in 1789
Other European monarchies didn't like the revolution. In response France built the largest military Europe had ever seen by conscripting every man aged 18-25. They won the wars
Liberal Phase of the French Revolution (1789-92)
Napoleon's secret police
Worked to maintain the status quo and peace. They sometimes executed innocent people to send a message
People stormed a debtors prison for people who couldn't pay taxes, in response to learning that king Louis was assembling an army to crush the National Assembly
Concordat of 1801
Seven Years War
Goods being shipped to or from british colonie shad to be on british ships. Made the british merchants very rich and weakened the dutch.
Peninsular War (1808-1813)
War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748)
War over the control of Austria due to the fact that Charles VI left Maria Theresa (a girl) as heir to the throne. Frederick II of Prussia invaded due to a want for Silesia and France helped him in order to humiliate their enemy (Austria.) Great Britain allied with Austria to prevent France from gaining more land. The colonies of F and GB began to fight also. Austria gave Silesia to Prussia and the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle ended the war.
(1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed for "disloyalty" by the committee of public safety
Continental System
Effects of the French Revolution
Led to the Haitian revolution, other European thinkers argued against the chaos of the reign of terror and prevented the revolution from spreading
Tennis Court Oath
A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
Napoleonic Code
An enlightened law code that included equality of citizens (men) before the law, protections of wealth and private property, and religious toleration
