Battle of Waterloo (1815)
Napoleon returns to France from Elba after being forced to abdicate the throne by the coalition of nations. Tried to overthrow his replacement Louis the 18th, but was defeated by other nations and sent to St. Helena island.
Continental System
Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain's economy so he could finally defeat them.
Radical Phase
Second phase of the French Revolution 1792-1794, Radicals (Jacobins) gain control of National Assembly becoming the National Convention. The Monarchy is abolished, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed, Committee of Public Safety created, Reign of Terror killed anyone who opposed revolution
Napoleon's secret police
Napoleon domestic policies
Napoleanic code, centralized government under his own authority. Created a merit based bureaucracy. He figured out how to balance absolutism and enlightenment ideals.
French Revolution economic causes
Expensive foreign wars (Louis 14-16) led to always increasing tax burden placed squarely on the peasants because the nobility was exempted from paying taxes
Effects of the French Revolution
Led to the Haitian revolution, other European thinkers argued against the chaos of the reign of terror and prevented the revolution from spreading
Storming of the Bastille
People stormed a debtors prison for people who couldn't pay taxes, in response to learning that king Louis was assembling an army to crush the National Assembly
Imbalances in the estates general. 97% of the population only got 1 vote.
National Assembly nationalized and reforms the church
Confiscated church property, eliminated the taxes peasants had to pay the church, clergy were placed under state control
War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748)
War over the control of Austria due to the fact that Charles VI left Maria Theresa (a girl) as heir to the throne. Frederick II of Prussia invaded due to a want for Silesia and France helped him in order to humiliate their enemy (Austria.) Great Britain allied with Austria to prevent France from gaining more land. The colonies of F and GB began to fight also. Austria gave Silesia to Prussia and the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle ended the war.
Peninsular War (1808-1813)
The Spanish rebelled against napoleon's rule and the continental system. Started to weaken his rule
Seven Years War
(1756-1763 CE) Known also as the French and Indian war. It was the war between the French and their Indian allies and the English that proved the English to be the more dominant force of what was to be the United States both commercially and in terms of controlled regions. Left England in a lot of debt
Dutch East India Company
Government-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies. Aimed to dethrone the Portuguese dominance of Asian trade
Foreign responses to French revolution
Other European monarchies didn't like the revolution. In response France built the largest military Europe had ever seen by conscripting every man aged 18-25. They won the wars
Great fear
A wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after the storming of the Bastille in 1789
October March on Versailles
Women marched to the palace of Versailles to demand the bread the king was hoarding. They then stormed the palace, killed several guards, and forced the king to accept the declaration of the rights of man and citizen, which he did
In 1799 napoleon returns from Egypt and helps overthrow the French government and establishes a three member consulate with himself as ruler. People supported a less representative government in exchange for peace and stability.
Constitution of 1791
established a limited monarchy with 3 branches of government: legislative assembly, king, and revised judicial system.
British East India Company
Provided competition to Riley dutch east India company
Goods being shipped to or from british colonie shad to be on british ships. Made the british merchants very rich and weakened the dutch.
Tennis Court Oath
A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
Concordat of 1801
This is the agreement between Pope Pius VII and Napoleon that healed the religious division in France by giving the French Catholics free practice of their religion and Napoleon political power by retaining the right to nominate bishops and other church officials
Napoleonic Code
An enlightened law code that included equality of citizens (men) before the law, protections of wealth and private property, and religious toleration
Napoleon Bonaparte
French revolutionary wars
A series of conflicts fought between the French Revolutionary government and European states hostile to the Revolution (1792-1802). A war of people against kings. France shocked everyone and won.
Napoleon becomes emperor (1802)
Conference of Vienna (1815)
European states gathered to negotiate how to restore the balance of power that had been so messed up by napoleon. Tried to establish lasting peace in Europe. Led to 50 years of peace.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Led to the Haitian revolution, other European thinkers argued against the chaos of the reign of terror and prevented the revolution from spreading
