Holds a vote and becomes first consul for life, he then uses that power to crown himself as emperor
Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)
Effects of the French Revolution
National Assembly
King Louis locked the third estate out of the meeting room, they declared themselves the national assembly
Napoleaon curtailed the freedom of speech and press
Installed state-sponsored censors in every major newspaper
French Revolution political causes
Imbalances in the estates general. 97% of the population only got 1 vote.
Napoleon overthrows Directory
In 1799 napoleon returns from Egypt and helps overthrow the French government and establishes a three member consulate with himself as ruler. People supported a less representative government in exchange for peace and stability.
Napoleonic Code
An enlightened law code that included equality of citizens (men) before the law, protections of wealth and private property, and religious toleration
Foreign responses to French revolution
Other European monarchies didn't like the revolution. In response France built the largest military Europe had ever seen by conscripting every man aged 18-25. They won the wars
Drew inspiration from enlightenment thinkers like Locke and Voltaire. Provided for freedom of speech and a representative government. Abolished the privileges of the upper estates, established popular sovereignty in France
British Navigation Acts
Goods being shipped to or from british colonie shad to be on british ships. Made the british merchants very rich and weakened the dutch.
Napoleon Bonaparte
Won a glowing reputation for his role in the French revolutionary wars
War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748)
War over the control of Austria due to the fact that Charles VI left Maria Theresa (a girl) as heir to the throne. Frederick II of Prussia invaded due to a want for Silesia and France helped him in order to humiliate their enemy (Austria.) Great Britain allied with Austria to prevent France from gaining more land. The colonies of F and GB began to fight also. Austria gave Silesia to Prussia and the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle ended the war.
There was a bread shortage which finally sparked the revolution
European states gathered to negotiate how to restore the balance of power that had been so messed up by napoleon. Tried to establish lasting peace in Europe. Led to 50 years of peace.
Great fear
A wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after the storming of the Bastille in 1789
Napoleon domestic policies
Napoleanic code, centralized government under his own authority. Created a merit based bureaucracy. He figured out how to balance absolutism and enlightenment ideals.
Battle of Waterloo (1815)
October March on Versailles
Liberal Phase of the French Revolution (1789-92)
Seven Years War
(1756-1763 CE) Known also as the French and Indian war. It was the war between the French and their Indian allies and the English that proved the English to be the more dominant force of what was to be the United States both commercially and in terms of controlled regions. Left England in a lot of debt
Worked to maintain the status quo and peace. They sometimes executed innocent people to send a message
A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
Period of radical social and political change throughout Europe that began with an uprising
Peninsular War (1808-1813)
The Spanish rebelled against napoleon's rule and the continental system. Started to weaken his rule
British East India Company
Dutch East India Company
Government-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies. Aimed to dethrone the Portuguese dominance of Asian trade
Effects of the French Revolution
Led to the Haitian revolution, other European thinkers argued against the chaos of the reign of terror and prevented the revolution from spreading
Reign of Terror
Expensive foreign wars (Louis 14-16) led to always increasing tax burden placed squarely on the peasants because the nobility was exempted from paying taxes
