Dreyfus Affair
Bismarck became chancellor of Germany
After unifying all of Germany, he served as the chancellor of germany from 1871 to 1890. His policies during this time aimed to isolate france, whom he considered Germany's greatest enemy.
European advantages over African resistance
Military technology developed in the second industrial revolution like the machine gun, telegrams and railroads made running a nation from the other side of the world much easier, and new medicines that let europeans survive in africa.
Since positivism rejected the idea that there was one overarching truth that applied to everyone everywhere, that meant hat all truth was relative.
New imperialism causes
3 key wars that Bismarck used to unify germany
A nationalism movement that sprang up among European Jews. Enlightenment ideals led to more tolerance for Jews. But Zionism responded to the growing anit-semitism that came back after incidents like the dreufus affair
Northern Italian unification
Under the leadership of Count Cavor, Piedmont industrialized and built a massive army. Promised Napoleon the 3rd that France could keep its territories if it helped expel Austria from Italy. Napoleon didn't do his job, however the northern Italian nationalists joined Piedmont. Northern Italy is unified.
Imperialism led to a partial rejection of social darwinism
Some people began to see the problem with brutally colonizing other places
Enlightenment impact on nationalism
Before this war broke out, Bismarck skillfully negotiated non-interference treaties with Britain and Russia. He then started a war over the two provinces he was sharing with austria, forcing the other smaller German provinces to pick a side, which they did. #Unification
Franco-Prussian war
Bismarck wanted to unify with the sounthern German states he had just fought a war with by fighting a common enemy: France. After falsifying a document and starting a war with france, the german states united together and won.
Introduced reforms aimed a bulking up Prussia's wealth, most notably, by increasing its military.
Effectively broke up the concert of Europe which had kept the peace and the balance of power in Europe, since it's inception. Britain and Russia focused inward, creating the conditions for Italian and German unification.
Racial superiority & Social Darwinism
Dual monarchy of Austria Hungary.
Europeans had divided africa with little to no regard for tribal boundaries or conflicts. The native zulu tribe, who had been forced to mine for diamonds, revolted with an army of over 40,000 men, but eventually lost to the british.
Theodor Hertzl
A German Jew who argued in 1835 that Jews should have a land of their own and that land should be their ancestral home of Palestine.
Positivism
Taught that any rational conclusion must be able to be scientifically verified or provable through mathematical quantification. Truth = Science or Math, not god or mythology
The brothers Grimm
Academic German published a collection of fairy tales from German culture. Their goal was to connect living germans with their ancestral roots.
Sepoy rebellion
Because of a feeling that India was losing its heritage and culture, and a rumor that the british were greasing their ammunition carriages in the fat of cows, the sepoy (Indian soldiers who worked for the british) rebelled in 1857. It spread rapidly across india, but the british eventually crushed it. India transferred from east india company to british government,
Triple entente
An alliance between Britain, france, and Russia created in 1907 in response to the triple alliance.
Rome unifies with italy
The franco-Prussian war forced Napoleon III to withdraw french troops from Rome, so italy just took it.
Triple alliance
Prussian-Danish war of 1864
Berlin conference (1884-1885)
Made decisions about who would get what territory in Africa to prevent a war in europe.
A document forged by Bismarck of a Prussian diplomat
allegedly insulting Napoleon III, provoking a war with france
Giuseppe Garibaldi led his men (clad in red shirts) to unify the southern region. He then gave over sovereignty to the north, finally unifying italy, except for Rome, which was still occupied by france.
A method of political maneuvering that sought practical results. "What is the best action for me to take, in order to get what I want?"
France agreed to become friends with britian because they both wanted territory in sudan to build railroads, but France was way outnumbered and wanted a friend to defend against germany. Lays the groundwork for their alliance in WWI
