World war I causes
Miles of trenches were dug and fortified with barbed wire, and when one side decided to launch an offensive, they would charge out of their trenche, get mowed down by machine gun fire, and then retreat. Led to stalemates
Tzar Nicholas
Spanish popular front
Total war
2 world wars, nuclear bombs, and scientific advancements that shattered accepted beliefs made everyone nervous.
Fascism
A system of government characterized by extreme paternalistic, militaristic nationalism in which the interests of the people are subordinated to the interests of the state and its leader. Was appealing because of all the post-war crisis
Machine guns, Chemical weapons, and other brutal new technologies led to trench warfare.
Fascism grows in eastern europe
April theses
Vladamir Lenin published which outlined the steps to revolution.
Peace, land, and bread
Worker control of production
All power to the soviets
Great depression causes
War debt: European countries had no money and were forced to borrow from the United States.
Nationalistic tariff policies
Overproduction: When the war ended, demand for military goods dropped significantly
Financial speculation
U.S stock market collapsed.
Pact of steel
After Lenin, Joseph Stalin took power. After consolidating party power under himself, he implemented a five year plan with the goal to rapidly industrialize the soviet union. Much like Lenin, Stalin skipped crucial steps, like providing housing. People would rather starve than farm for the government.
Benito Mussolini
First to use the word Fascism to characterize the system of government he claimed would solve all of italy's problems. Used modern technology to spread his propaganda to all Italians.
Black/Brown shirts
Russian revolution
In Russia, world war I exacerbated long-term problems of political stagnation, social inequality, incomplete industrialization, and food and land distribution, which altogether had the effect of engendering widespread support for revolutionary change.
World war one spreads
Mandate system
Soviet union new economic policy
Easter rebellion
Ireland wanted to be independent from britain. Although Britian had passed a home-rule bill, they put it on pause during the war. Ireland thought they were backtracking and so on easter sunday in 1916, Irish rebels began fighting british soldiers, who eventually put the rebellion down.
Stalemate is broken
The spanish army opposed the popular front. A general named Francisco Franco led a violent uprising against the popular front. Which led to a civil war. Represented a kind of testing ground for WWII, while Hitler and Mussolini supported Franco, western democracies did little to help the popular front.
Treaty of versailles
A growing nationalistic fever in which all of the slavic nations felt they ought to be under the one leadership of Russia. Helps explain why Russia got involved when Austria declares war on Serbia
Assasination of Franz Ferdinand in 1914
As he and his wife were being paraded around Bosnia, a Serbian nationalist shot him. Austria gave the serbian government an ultimatum, which would require taking responsibility for the assassination. Since they refused to do that, austria declares war on Serbia
Bolshevik troops storm the winter palace
They stormed the provisional government's headquarters and now the communists are now in control of Russia
Russian civil war
The aristocracy wasn't happy about a peasant revolution. Collaborated with western countries to fight the bolsheviks with a massive army. Communists organized the army and used nationalistic sentiment to drive the western countries out. Russia becomes the Soviet Union.
Factory workers, many of whom were women, protested the cost of food like bread.
Just give Hitler what he wants and keep the peace.
French popular front
A coalition of left-wing parties whose main objective was preventing the rise of communism or fascism in france
