Hamilton's financial plan
1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Federalism
The division of powers between different levels of government.
pinckney's treaty
between US and spain, defined border US and spanish florida, guranteed US navigation rights in mississippi river
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
Federalists
Strong national government
Articles of confederation
7 years war
The middle ground
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Declaratory act
2nd Continental Congress
7 years war
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Boston massacre
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Britain didn't want to spend more money defending the colonies from the natives, so they banned settling beyond the Appalachian mountains
Annapolis convention
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Jay treaty
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
First political parties
Fries rebellion
Farmers in southeast Pennsylvania stopped paying taxes for the larger military. John Fries led a peaceful protest, but John Adams ordered federal troops to stop the protest, and they made mass arrests, assaulted newspaper editors, and almost executed John Fries.
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
The Albany conference
Thomas Gage
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Sugar act
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
