alien laws
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
7 years war
Whiskey rebellion
violent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
Annapolis convention
Democratic Republicans
Weak national government
Battle of Bunker hill
Boston massacre
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
Philadelphia convention
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Britain didn't want to spend more money defending the colonies from the natives, so they banned settling beyond the Appalachian mountains
British troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
pinckney's treaty
Articles of confederation
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
Connecticut compromise
the Compromise of 1790
Strong national government
A dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
virginia and kentucky resolutions
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Thomas Gage
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
Virtual representation
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
The New Jersey plan
The middle ground
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
Divisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
