First political partiesDivisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
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civic virtuethe character of a good participant in a system of gov
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
Townshend ActsIn opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Virtual representationThe idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
George Washington's PresidencyEstablished many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
republican motherhoodthe idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Thomas GageThe new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
Lexington and ConcordeBritish troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
Shay’s rebellionFarmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Articles of confederationLooked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
Boston massacreParliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
the Compromise of 1790Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
French revolutionAmbassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
FederalistsStrong national government
Declaratory act
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Federalism
Common senseAttacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
virginia and kentucky resolutionsdrafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
The Virginia planThe plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
2nd Continental Congress
Declaration of IndependenceWritten by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Weak national government
Annapolis conventionSecret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
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The British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
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republican motherhoodthe idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Lexington and ConcordeBritish troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
Checks and balancesDifferent branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
The middle groundThe areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Whiskey rebellion
Democratic RepublicansWeak national government
Jay treatyBritain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
Olive branch petition
British beliefs after 7 years warThey viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
Election of 1797
FederalistsStrong national government
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Stamp actAll paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
Declaratory act
7 years war
virginia and kentucky resolutionsdrafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Age of passionPolitics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Battle of Bunker hillBritish won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
pinckney's treatybetween US and spain, defined border US and spanish florida, guranteed US navigation rights in mississippi river
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
sedition actapplied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
FederalismThe division of powers between different levels of government.
Connecticut compromiseCongress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
the Compromise of 1790Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency