British troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
Shay’s rebellion
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
Democratic Republicans
Weak national government
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Virtual representation
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
Olive branch petition
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
Election of 1797
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Federalists
2nd Continental Congress
Hamilton's financial plan
1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
Boston massacre
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
French revolution
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
Battle of Bunker hill
Thomas Gage
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
virginia and kentucky resolutions
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
Stamp act
pinckney's treaty
between US and spain, defined border US and spanish florida, guranteed US navigation rights in mississippi river
Age of passion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
Fries rebellion
Annapolis convention
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
Jay treaty
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
The New Jersey plan
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
violent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
