George Washington's PresidencyEstablished many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
The New Jersey planThe plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
2nd Continental CongressHow would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
The British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
republican motherhoodthe idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Failures of the articles of confederationFrance and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Shay’s rebellionFarmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
Colonial attitude towards independenceThey didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
Articles of confederationLooked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Checks and balances
Jay treatyBritain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
A dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
civic virtue
British won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Federalism
virginia and kentucky resolutions
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
FederalistsStrong national government
the Compromise of 1790Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
Virtual representationThe idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
Annapolis convention
British troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
Common senseAttacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Age of passionPolitics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Connecticut compromiseCongress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Failures of the articles of confederationFrance and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
FederalistsStrong national government
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Shay’s rebellion
7 years warA dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
The middle groundThe areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Stamp actAll paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
Common senseAttacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
sedition act
Whiskey rebellionviolent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
Jay treaty
The New Jersey planThe plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Boston massacreParliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
Townshend ActsIn opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Lexington and ConcordeBritish troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
Battle of Bunker hillBritish won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
Boost!
Boost!
Farmers in southeast Pennsylvania stopped paying taxes for the larger military. John Fries led a peaceful protest, but John Adams ordered federal troops to stop the protest, and they made mass arrests, assaulted newspaper editors, and almost executed John Fries.
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
A dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Annapolis conventionSecret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
Sugar actReduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Hamilton's financial plan1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Thomas GageThe new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
republican motherhoodthe idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Declaration of IndependenceWritten by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Checks and balancesDifferent branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Olive branch petitionCongress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.