Annapolis convention
Fries rebellion
Farmers in southeast Pennsylvania stopped paying taxes for the larger military. John Fries led a peaceful protest, but John Adams ordered federal troops to stop the protest, and they made mass arrests, assaulted newspaper editors, and almost executed John Fries.
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Philadelphia convention
Articles of confederation
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
Jay treaty
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
Boston massacre
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
Failures of the articles of confederation
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
French revolution
the Compromise of 1790
Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
7 years war
Checks and balances
Different branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Sugar act
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
Colonial attitude towards independence
The British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
First political parties
republican motherhood
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Connecticut compromise
Congress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
The Albany conference
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
