Philadelphia convention
Boston massacre
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
Stamp act
XYZ affair
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Democratic Republicans
Weak national government
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
French revolution
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
Jay treaty
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
Whiskey rebellion
Shay’s rebellion
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
The New Jersey plan
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
pinckney's treaty
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
alien laws
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Thomas Gage
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
British won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
the Compromise of 1790
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
7 years war
Britain didn't want to spend more money defending the colonies from the natives, so they banned settling beyond the Appalachian mountains
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
The division of powers between different levels of government.
The Virginia plan
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
Annapolis convention
Election of 1797
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Virtual representation
Stamp act congress
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
