British won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
Annapolis convention
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
sedition act
Townshend Acts
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Jay treaty
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
virginia and kentucky resolutions
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
pinckney's treaty
First political parties
Divisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
Failures of the articles of confederation
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
XYZ affair
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
Hamilton's financial plan
Checks and balances
Different branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
Philadelphia convention
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
Connecticut compromise
Congress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
civic virtue
Federalists
7 years war
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Colonial attitude towards independence
The middle ground
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
The New Jersey plan
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Federalism
The division of powers between different levels of government.
republican motherhood
A dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Age of passion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Sugar act
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
