Boston massacre
Federalism
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Articles of confederation
Annapolis convention
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
Fries rebellion
British impressment
The British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Whiskey rebellion
violent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
Connecticut compromise
Virtual representation
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
XYZ affair
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
French revolution
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
Hamilton's financial plan
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Townshend Acts
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
The Albany conference
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
7 years war
Election of 1797
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
civic virtue
Thomas Gage
Colonial attitude towards independence
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
The Virginia plan
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
2nd Continental Congress
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Shay’s rebellion
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
