The New Jersey plan
Philadelphia convention
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
George Washington's Presidency
Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
British won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
pinckney's treaty
between US and spain, defined border US and spanish florida, guranteed US navigation rights in mississippi river
Shay’s rebellion
sedition act
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
Colonial attitude towards independence
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
Townshend Acts
Lexington and Concorde
British beliefs after 7 years war
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
alien laws
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
XYZ affair
The Albany conference
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
Declaratory act
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Boston massacre
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
Election of 1797
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Fries rebellion
Farmers in southeast Pennsylvania stopped paying taxes for the larger military. John Fries led a peaceful protest, but John Adams ordered federal troops to stop the protest, and they made mass arrests, assaulted newspaper editors, and almost executed John Fries.
the Compromise of 1790
Virtual representation
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
First political parties
Proclamation of 1763
Britain didn't want to spend more money defending the colonies from the natives, so they banned settling beyond the Appalachian mountains
Stamp act congress
