Annapolis convention
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
republican motherhood
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
Farmers in southeast Pennsylvania stopped paying taxes for the larger military. John Fries led a peaceful protest, but John Adams ordered federal troops to stop the protest, and they made mass arrests, assaulted newspaper editors, and almost executed John Fries.
7 years war
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Age of passion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
The Virginia plan
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
Sugar act
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
The New Jersey plan
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Philadelphia convention
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
Townshend Acts
The division of powers between different levels of government.
French revolution
Virtual representation
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Election of 1797
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Divisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
violent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
Failures of the articles of confederation
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Jay treaty
1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
Articles of confederation
Stamp act congress
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
sedition act
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
Thomas Gage
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
Declaratory act
2nd Continental Congress
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
