French revolution
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
Thomas Gage
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
George Washington's Presidency
Philadelphia convention
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Age of passion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Divisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
Federalists
Strong national government
Annapolis convention
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
XYZ affair
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Fries rebellion
Farmers in southeast Pennsylvania stopped paying taxes for the larger military. John Fries led a peaceful protest, but John Adams ordered federal troops to stop the protest, and they made mass arrests, assaulted newspaper editors, and almost executed John Fries.
Colonial attitude towards independence
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
Common sense
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Lexington and Concorde
British troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
alien laws
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
civic virtue
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
pinckney's treaty
between US and spain, defined border US and spanish florida, guranteed US navigation rights in mississippi river
virginia and kentucky resolutions
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Democratic Republicans
Weak national government
The middle ground
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Checks and balances
Different branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
Townshend Acts
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
sedition act
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
Battle of Bunker hill
British won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
