The Albany conference
Virtual representation
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
the Compromise of 1790
Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Proclamation of 1763
British troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
First political parties
alien laws
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
Stamp act congress
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
The Virginia plan
Jay treaty
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
Townshend Acts
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Articles of confederation
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
pinckney's treaty
between US and spain, defined border US and spanish florida, guranteed US navigation rights in mississippi river
violent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
Boston massacre
The British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
Declaratory act
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Federalism
2nd Continental Congress
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
Age of passion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
Failures of the articles of confederation
Colonial attitude towards independence
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
