Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
Divisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
The New Jersey plan
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Lexington and Concorde
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
alien laws
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
The Virginia plan
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
civic virtue
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
the Compromise of 1790
Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Colonial attitude towards independence
Thomas Gage
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
Sugar act
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
republican motherhood
The division of powers between different levels of government.
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
A dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
virginia and kentucky resolutions
Articles of confederation
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
2nd Continental Congress
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
XYZ affair
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
The middle ground
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
British impressment
The British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
Annapolis convention
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
