authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
Lexington and Concorde
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
The middle ground
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
pinckney's treaty
between US and spain, defined border US and spanish florida, guranteed US navigation rights in mississippi river
British won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
Proclamation of 1763
Britain didn't want to spend more money defending the colonies from the natives, so they banned settling beyond the Appalachian mountains
Strong national government
The Albany conference
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
Articles of confederation
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Age of passion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
civic virtue
Townshend Acts
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
The division of powers between different levels of government.
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
First political parties
Failures of the articles of confederation
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
The New Jersey plan
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
XYZ affair
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
republican motherhood
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Annapolis convention
Fries rebellion
Farmers in southeast Pennsylvania stopped paying taxes for the larger military. John Fries led a peaceful protest, but John Adams ordered federal troops to stop the protest, and they made mass arrests, assaulted newspaper editors, and almost executed John Fries.
Checks and balances
Different branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Shay’s rebellion
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
