The British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
Thomas Gage
alien laws
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
Sugar act
The New Jersey plan
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Articles of confederation
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
Whiskey rebellion
violent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
Hamilton's financial plan
Battle of Bunker hill
First political parties
Divisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
Failures of the articles of confederation
Philadelphia convention
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
Democratic Republicans
Election of 1797
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Federalism
The division of powers between different levels of government.
sedition act
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
Colonial attitude towards independence
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
Britain didn't want to spend more money defending the colonies from the natives, so they banned settling beyond the Appalachian mountains
7 years war
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Checks and balances
Different branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
civic virtue
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
virginia and kentucky resolutions
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Townshend Acts
Stamp act congress
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
The Virginia plan
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
