Declaratory act
Townshend Acts
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Boston massacre
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
XYZ affair
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
The Virginia plan
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
alien laws
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
The New Jersey plan
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Federalism
The division of powers between different levels of government.
Weak national government
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
Britain didn't want to spend more money defending the colonies from the natives, so they banned settling beyond the Appalachian mountains
the Compromise of 1790
Checks and balances
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Jay treaty
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
Shay’s rebellion
Articles of confederation
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Federalists
Strong national government
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Whiskey rebellion
Hamilton's financial plan
1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
7 years war
A dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
civic virtue
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
