How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
First political parties
Divisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
Federalism
George Washington's Presidency
Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
The New Jersey plan
Thomas Gage
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
Democratic Republicans
7 years war
A dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
British won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Philadelphia convention
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
British beliefs after 7 years war
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
civic virtue
the character of a good participant in a system of gov
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
Connecticut compromise
Congress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Sugar act
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
XYZ affair
republican motherhood
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Failures of the articles of confederation
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
British troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
the Compromise of 1790
Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
The Albany conference
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
Articles of confederation
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
