Hamilton's financial plan
French revolution
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
British beliefs after 7 years war
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
Annapolis convention
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Olive branch petition
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
The middle ground
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Thomas Gage
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
applied restrictions to immigration and speech in US made it a crime for americans to print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, malicious writing about the government
Whiskey rebellion
violent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
Connecticut compromise
Congress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
The Virginia plan
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
Fries rebellion
Shay’s rebellion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
Checks and balances
Different branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Sugar act
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Failures of the articles of confederation
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Colonial attitude towards independence
The Albany conference
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
Philadelphia convention
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
Strong national government
Lexington and Concorde
British troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
pinckney's treaty
between US and spain, defined border US and spanish florida, guranteed US navigation rights in mississippi river
