Articles of confederation
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
British impressment
alien laws
Boston massacre
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
Declaration of Independence
2nd Continental Congress
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
Proclamation of 1763
Britain didn't want to spend more money defending the colonies from the natives, so they banned settling beyond the Appalachian mountains
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Checks and balances
Different branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
The division of powers between different levels of government.
In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
Jay treaty
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
the Compromise of 1790
Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
7 years war
A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Hamilton's financial plan
1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
Election of 1797
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Connecticut compromise
Congress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Thomas Gage
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
George Washington's Presidency
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Age of passion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Secret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
First political parties
Divisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
XYZ affair
French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
The Albany conference
Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
Lexington and Concorde
