Monroe doctrine
Established the western hemisphere as a U.S.-dominated sphere of influence without European involvement.
Expansive view of federal power & loose constructionists
Younger Americans who had been born after the revolution, were ardent nationalists, and wanted war with Britain to invade Florida and Canada.
Spain sells Florida
U.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
Convention of 1818
Treaty of New Echota
Sneaky deal that exchanged Cherokee land in Georgia for a reservation territory west of the Mississippi River.
Marbury vs. Madison
On his way out of office, John Adams appointed 16 new judges. Jefferson refused to deliver some of these appointments. The Supreme Court established judicial review.
Louisiana purchase
Napoleon needed money to quell the Haitian revolution, so he sold the Louisiana territory, and Jefferson bought. This was controversial because the constitution didn't specify how to add territory to the union.
The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S.
Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
Cult of domesticity
A woman's identity and sense of purpose revolved around child-bearing and making her home comfortable for her husband.
Madison re-imposed the embargo on Britain because they continued to attack American ships
Whigs
New party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
Nat turners rebellion
A young slave organized a rebellion believing that god had told him to do so. He and his followers killed over 50 people
Hartford Convention
Federalists met in opposition to the war of 1812, and even argued that new england should suceed.
Charles Finney
New york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
Panic of 1819
McCulloch vs Maryland
Second great awakening
Camp meetings with huge sermons, christian revival. In contrast to first great awakening, which focused on personal moral reformation, second one emphasized moral reformation of society
Madison declared war on great Britain
Madison declared war. "Would Americans remain independent or become colonists again?"
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Removed native americans from their land and sent them to reservations west of the Mississippi river.
Southern baptists
End of the federalists
The war had revived the struggling party thanks to the anti-war movement. Now that the war was over, federalist support collapsed for good.
Jefferson's presidency
He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
Compromise of 1820
Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
Jefferson policy on indigenous Americans
He favored removing them to reservations beyond the Mississippi if they refused to "civilize" themselves. Some unified and began violently resisting with help from the British
Tariff of 1828
Raised import duties up to 50%. Supported by industrial northerners and hated by southerners who relied on imports
Election of 1800
Rematch between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. The Democratic republicans had finally figured out how to campaign in the media, and the Federalists were seen as elitist
The embargo
President Jefferson established an embargo on foreign trade in retaliation for Britain and France attacks on American ships.
