Rematch between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. The Democratic republicans had finally figured out how to campaign in the media, and the Federalists were seen as elitist
Jefferson policy on indigenous Americans
He favored removing them to reservations beyond the Mississippi if they refused to "civilize" themselves. Some unified and began violently resisting with help from the British
Hartford Convention
Federalists met in opposition to the war of 1812, and even argued that new england should suceed.
Sneaky deal that exchanged Cherokee land in Georgia for a reservation territory west of the Mississippi River.
Spain sells Florida
U.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
End of the federalists
The war had revived the struggling party thanks to the anti-war movement. Now that the war was over, federalist support collapsed for good.
The embargo
President Jefferson established an embargo on foreign trade in retaliation for Britain and France attacks on American ships.
Madison re-imposed the embargo on Britain because they continued to attack American ships
Tariff of 1828
Raised import duties up to 50%. Supported by industrial northerners and hated by southerners who relied on imports
Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
Louisiana purchase
Napoleon needed money to quell the Haitian revolution, so he sold the Louisiana territory, and Jefferson bought. This was controversial because the constitution didn't specify how to add territory to the union.
Madison declared war on great Britain
Market revolution
McCulloch vs Maryland
Ruled that federal law trumps state law
He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
Convention of 1818
More American fishing rights, set the U.S. - Canada border at the 49th parallel, and called for the joint-occupation of Oregon
War hawkes
American temperance society
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Removed native americans from their land and sent them to reservations west of the Mississippi river.
Southern baptists
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
Tallmadge amendment
Would prohibit slavery in Missouri if it was admitted into the union
Noah Webster's dictionary standardized the spelling and pronunciation of American language
Henry Clay's American system
Federally funded internal improvements, protective tariffs, and the re-establishment of the bank of the united states.
Whigs
Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
Established the western hemisphere as a U.S.-dominated sphere of influence without European involvement.
On his way out of office, John Adams appointed 16 new judges. Jefferson refused to deliver some of these appointments. The Supreme Court established judicial review.
Rush-Bagot pact
Panic of 1819
First major recession in the United States
