Monroe doctrine
Convention of 1818
He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
Market revolution
The linking of northern industries with western and southern farms which was created by advances in agriculture, industry, communication, and transportation
Jefferson policy on indigenous Americans
He favored removing them to reservations beyond the Mississippi if they refused to "civilize" themselves. Some unified and began violently resisting with help from the British
Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S.
Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
Henry Clay's American system
Federally funded internal improvements, protective tariffs, and the re-establishment of the bank of the united states.
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
Madison declared war. "Would Americans remain independent or become colonists again?"
U.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
End of the federalists
The war had revived the struggling party thanks to the anti-war movement. Now that the war was over, federalist support collapsed for good.
Election of 1800
Rematch between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. The Democratic republicans had finally figured out how to campaign in the media, and the Federalists were seen as elitist
Madison re-imposed the embargo on Britain because they continued to attack American ships
Voting rights were expanded to all white males
American temperance society
Focused on working men. Established over 5,000 chapters across the nation
New American identity
Noah Webster's dictionary standardized the spelling and pronunciation of American language
Rush-Bagot pact
Agreement with Britain that removed military ships from the great lakes.
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Removed native americans from their land and sent them to reservations west of the Mississippi river.
McCulloch vs Maryland
Ruled that federal law trumps state law
Charles Finney
New york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
Split within the Democratic-Republican party
Cult of domesticity
Confirmed ability of a Republican Government to defend itself. Americans completed conquest of everything east of the Mississippi. War broke remaining indigenous power, and white settlers poured in to former native lands.
Louisiana purchase
Napoleon needed money to quell the Haitian revolution, so he sold the Louisiana territory, and Jefferson bought. This was controversial because the constitution didn't specify how to add territory to the union.
Whigs
New party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
Panic of 1819
Election of 1824
The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
Compromise of 1820
Election of 1828
Camp meetings with huge sermons, christian revival. In contrast to first great awakening, which focused on personal moral reformation, second one emphasized moral reformation of society
