Indian Removal Act of 1830
Hartford Convention
American temperance society
Focused on working men. Established over 5,000 chapters across the nation
The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
Jefferson's presidency
He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
New American identity
Noah Webster's dictionary standardized the spelling and pronunciation of American language
Louisiana purchase
Rematch between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. The Democratic republicans had finally figured out how to campaign in the media, and the Federalists were seen as elitist
Whigs
New party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
Monroe doctrine
Established the western hemisphere as a U.S.-dominated sphere of influence without European involvement.
Jefferson policy on indigenous Americans
He favored removing them to reservations beyond the Mississippi if they refused to "civilize" themselves. Some unified and began violently resisting with help from the British
Camp meetings with huge sermons, christian revival. In contrast to first great awakening, which focused on personal moral reformation, second one emphasized moral reformation of society
Agreement with Britain that removed military ships from the great lakes.
Madison re-imposed the embargo on Britain because they continued to attack American ships
Panic of 1819
First major recession in the United States
The embargo
Nat turners rebellion
A young slave organized a rebellion believing that god had told him to do so. He and his followers killed over 50 people
Marbury vs. Madison
On his way out of office, John Adams appointed 16 new judges. Jefferson refused to deliver some of these appointments. The Supreme Court established judicial review.
War hawkes
Younger Americans who had been born after the revolution, were ardent nationalists, and wanted war with Britain to invade Florida and Canada.
Ruled that federal law trumps state law
Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
Treaty of New Echota
Sneaky deal that exchanged Cherokee land in Georgia for a reservation territory west of the Mississippi River.
Spain sells Florida
U.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
Expansion of democracy
Voting rights were expanded to all white males
The war had revived the struggling party thanks to the anti-war movement. Now that the war was over, federalist support collapsed for good.
Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S.
Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
Market revolution
The linking of northern industries with western and southern farms which was created by advances in agriculture, industry, communication, and transportation
Raised import duties up to 50%. Supported by industrial northerners and hated by southerners who relied on imports
