Sugar-Phosphate Backbone
Forms the structural framework of nucleic acids
The opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix
Building blocks of DNA and RNA
mRNA
Messenger RNA is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm
RNA
A molecule that is essential for the expression of genetic information encoded in DNA and serves as a mediator between DNA and proteins.
Attractive force between a hydrogen molecule covalently bonded to an electronegative molecule
Guanine
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Cytosine
Uracil
One of the four nitrogenous bases, it pairs with Adenine in RNA.
Molecule that carries genetic information
Gene
Base Pairing Rules
In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine while Guanine pairs with Cytosine
tRNA
Transfer RNA transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis
rRNA
Pyrimidines
Thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of most living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes
Purines
One of two types of nitrogenous bases, it is characterized by their two fused rings. The two bases are adenine and guanine
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Thymine
Chargaff's Rule
There are equal amounts of Adenine to Thymine and Guanine to Cytosine
Organic molecules that play essential roles regarding genetic information
Cytosine
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Guanine
Thymine
One of the four nitrogenous bases, it pairs with Adenine in DNA.
