Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Indian appropriation act
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Sioux wars
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
American federation of labor
Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Ghost dance movement
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Worked to close down saloons
Reservation system
Political machines
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
Bessemer process
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Haymarket square riot
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Jim Crow laws
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Pullman strike
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Tammany Hall
The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Panic of 1893
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
The new south
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Assimilationist movement
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Ida B. Wells
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
American protective association
Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
Gospel of wealth
White collar workers
Government support for railroads
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
