APUSH Unit 6 (1865-1898) duel

Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday

Pullman strike After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed

Views on immigration

Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops

Labor unions

Indian appropriation act

Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel

Changes in farming

Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.

Worked to close down saloons

Reservation system Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo

Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Ida B. Wells

Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled

Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job

National Grange movement Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers

Booker T. Washington

Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.

Corrupt political bosses and their followers

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women

Growth of immigration

Interstate commerce act Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads

Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war

Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.

Sherman antitrust act

Assimilationist movement Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.

NAWSA

Tammany Hall The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Assimilationist movement Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.

Ida B. Wells

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical

Growth of immigration 16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities

Railroads Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods

Pendleton Act Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job

Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war

Dawes act Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves

Ghost dance movement nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women

The new south

International migration society Facilitated the migration of black people to africa

Changes in farming A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living

Sioux wars Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.

Worked to secure voting rights for women

former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights

National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts

Views on immigration Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers

congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans

There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time

Chinese exclusion act Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.

White collar workers All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them

Gospel of wealth

Labor unions

Made monopolizing an entire market illegal

Panic of 1893 A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.

Tammany Hall The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes

End this game?