APUSH Unit 6 (1865-1898) duel

White collar workers All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Booker T. Washington former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights

Pullman strike

Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.

Women's Christian Temperance Union

Labor unions Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions

Tammany Hall

Gospel of wealth Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society

Government support for railroads Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants

Facilitated the migration of black people to africa

Growth of immigration 16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities

Reservation system

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Sherman antitrust act

Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers

nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Views on immigration

Homestead act

Pendleton Act

Knights of labor

The new south

Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her

Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.

By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled

Assimilationist movement

Anti-Saloon league Worked to close down saloons

Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.

Laissez-faire economics There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time

Haymarket square riot

After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed

Women's Christian Temperance Union

Andrew Carnegie Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process

Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops

Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo

John D. Rockefeller Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.

Tammany Hall

Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday

Worked to close down saloons

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Homestead act Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.

Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society

National Grange movement Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers

There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time

Debates over money

Made monopolizing an entire market illegal

Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants

Worked to secure voting rights for women

nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Indian appropriation act

Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.

Growth of immigration 16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities

Pendleton Act Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Changes in farming A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living

Sioux wars Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.

Political machines

Panic of 1893 A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.

American protective association Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists

Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war

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