Sherman antitrust act
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
International migration society
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
Knights of labor
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Andrew Carnegie
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Worked to secure voting rights for women
National Grange movement
Railroads
Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
Chinese exclusion act
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Growth of immigration
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Laissez-faire economics
Tammany Hall
The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Pendleton Act
White collar workers
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
American federation of labor
Settlement houses
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Government support for railroads
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Haymarket square riot
Labor unions
Interstate commerce act
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Political machines
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Great railroad strike
Reservation system
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Indian appropriation act
