Jim Crow laws
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Government support for railroads
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Laissez-faire economics
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Ida B. Wells
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Settlement houses
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Political machines
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
The new south
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
National Grange movement
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Homestead act
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Growth of immigration
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Great railroad strike
Bessemer process
Andrew Carnegie
Labor unions
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Reservation system
Changes in farming
A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Indian appropriation act
Sherman antitrust act
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
Panic of 1893
Anti-Saloon league
Worked to close down saloons
