Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Boost!
Boost!
Pullman strikeAfter a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Views on immigration
Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
Labor unions
Indian appropriation act
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Changes in farming
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Worked to close down saloons
Boost!
Boost!
Reservation systemIndian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Ida B. Wells
Women's Christian Temperance UnionWorked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Frozen!
Frozen!
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
National Grange movementSocial and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Booker T. Washington
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
American federation of laborGrew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Growth of immigration
Interstate commerce actRequired railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Frozen!
Frozen!
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Sherman antitrust act
Assimilationist movementWanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
NAWSA
Tammany HallThe most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Jim Crow lawsForced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Women's Christian Temperance UnionWorked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Assimilationist movementWanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Ida B. Wells
American federation of laborGrew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Growth of immigration16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
RailroadsMassive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
Pendleton ActPolitical appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Dawes actBroke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Ghost dance movementnationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
The new south
International migration societyFacilitated the migration of black people to africa
Frozen!
Frozen!
Changes in farmingA new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Sioux warsSioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Worked to secure voting rights for women
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Boost!
Boost!
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Chinese exclusion actNativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Boost!
Boost!
White collar workersAll the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Frozen!
Frozen!
Gospel of wealth
Labor unions
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Panic of 1893A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Tammany HallThe most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes