National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Boost!
Boost!
Andrew Carnegie Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Booker T. Washington
Sherman antitrust act
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
The new south Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Bessemer process
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Tammany Hall The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Gospel of wealth Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Haymarket square riot
Railroads
Ghost dance movement nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Indian appropriation act congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Changes in farming
Laissez-faire economics
Reservation system Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Labor unions
Views on immigration Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Frozen!
Frozen!
Dawes act Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Homestead act Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Sioux wars Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Frozen!
Frozen!
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
National Grange movement Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
National Grange movement
Boost!
Boost!
Assimilationist movement
Pullman strike After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Bessemer process Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Frozen!
Frozen!
Labor unions Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Homestead act Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Laissez-faire economics There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Gospel of wealth
Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Railroads Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
American protective association Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Indian appropriation act congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Political machines
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Ghost dance movement
The new south
Debates over money
Government support for railroads
Haymarket square riot
Worked to close down saloons
Panic of 1893 A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Sherman antitrust act
Reservation system Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Frozen!
Frozen!
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Interstate commerce act
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Incorrect!
Incorrect!
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