Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
International migration society
Anti-Saloon league
Worked to close down saloons
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Labor unions
The new south
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Gospel of wealth
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Ida B. Wells
Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Populist party
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Dawes act
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Panic of 1893
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Indian appropriation act
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
White collar workers
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Growth of immigration
Great railroad strike
NAWSA
Debates over money
Homestead act
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Bessemer process
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Tammany Hall
The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Political machines
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
