APUSH Unit 6 (1865-1898) duel

Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Panic of 1893

Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.

Debates over money Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard

Laissez-faire economics There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time

Settlement houses

Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday

Government support for railroads

Worked to secure voting rights for women

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Anti-Saloon league Worked to close down saloons

Ida B. Wells Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her

Homestead act Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.

Political machines Corrupt political bosses and their followers

By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.

Sherman antitrust act Made monopolizing an entire market illegal

Interstate commerce act Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads

Tammany Hall

American protective association

Ghost dance movement

Chinese exclusion act Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.

Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.

Changes in farming A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living

Andrew Carnegie Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process

Bessemer process

Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers

International migration society Facilitated the migration of black people to africa

Labor unions Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions

Knights of labor National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts

Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops

Chinese exclusion act Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.

John D. Rockefeller Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.

Ida B. Wells Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her

All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them

A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.

Andrew Carnegie Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process

Government support for railroads Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants

Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Assimilationist movement Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.

Homestead act Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.

Labor unions Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions

A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Booker T. Washington former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights

Railroads Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods

National Grange movement Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers

Settlement houses Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women

Populist party Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday

Ghost dance movement nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Pullman strike After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed

Anti-Saloon league

Indian appropriation act

Views on immigration Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers

The new south Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.

Growth of immigration

Sherman antitrust act Made monopolizing an entire market illegal

Interstate commerce act

End this game?