Pendleton Act
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Booker T. Washington
Settlement houses
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Bessemer process
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
American protective association
Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Views on immigration
Great railroad strike
Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Laissez-faire economics
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Knights of labor
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Reservation system
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Homestead act
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Haymarket square riot
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Assimilationist movement
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Populist party
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Ghost dance movement
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
The new south
Jim Crow laws
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Government support for railroads
Sherman antitrust act
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
