Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
The new south
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Jim Crow laws
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Sioux wars
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Settlement houses
John D. Rockefeller
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Interstate commerce act
Panic of 1893
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Changes in farming
Indian appropriation act
Reservation system
Laissez-faire economics
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Homestead act
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Great railroad strike
Pendleton Act
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Populist party
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Andrew Carnegie
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Bessemer process
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
White collar workers
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Labor unions
Railroads
Ghost dance movement
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Anti-Saloon league
Worked to close down saloons
Chinese exclusion act
