Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Knights of labor
Bessemer process
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Pullman strike
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
National Grange movement
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Laissez-faire economics
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Sherman antitrust act
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Assimilationist movement
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Panic of 1893
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Anti-Saloon league
Worked to close down saloons
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Political machines
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
American protective association
Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
Great railroad strike
Railroads
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Settlement houses
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Dawes act
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
The new south
White collar workers
Views on immigration
Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
International migration society
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
Andrew Carnegie
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
