Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Jim Crow laws
National Grange movement
International migration society
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Pullman strike
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Ghost dance movement
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Growth of immigration
Assimilationist movement
Homestead act
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Tammany Hall
Anti-Saloon league
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Haymarket square riot
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Changes in farming
A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Sherman antitrust act
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Views on immigration
Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
White collar workers
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Ida B. Wells
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Sioux wars
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Gospel of wealth
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Indian appropriation act
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
The new south
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
