Populist party
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
Booker T. Washington
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Sioux wars
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Labor unions
Pendleton Act
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
National Grange movement
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Tammany Hall
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Settlement houses
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
International migration society
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
Indian appropriation act
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Debates over money
Government support for railroads
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Panic of 1893
Dawes act
John D. Rockefeller
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Interstate commerce act
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Assimilationist movement
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Reservation system
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Andrew Carnegie
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
