Homestead act
Reservation system
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Debates over money
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Populist party
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Jim Crow laws
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Assimilationist movement
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Views on immigration
Knights of labor
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Sioux wars
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Ghost dance movement
Pullman strike
American protective association
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
International migration society
Labor unions
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Settlement houses
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Interstate commerce act
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Sherman antitrust act
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Tammany Hall
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
National Grange movement
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Andrew Carnegie
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Gospel of wealth
