Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Haymarket square riot
Assimilationist movementWanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Laissez-faire economics
NAWSA
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Ghost dance movementnationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Chinese exclusion actNativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Boost!
Boost!
Knights of labor
Anti-Saloon leagueWorked to close down saloons
Frozen!
Frozen!
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Growth of immigration16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Sherman antitrust actMade monopolizing an entire market illegal
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
White collar workersAll the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Booker T. Washingtonformer slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Homestead act
National Grange movementSocial and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Jim Crow lawsForced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Indian appropriation actcongress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Reservation system
Debates over moneyFarmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
RailroadsMassive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
Andrew CarnegiePioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Bessemer processEnabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Gospel of wealthAndrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Frozen!
Frozen!
Railroads
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
Tammany Hall
Assimilationist movementWanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Interstate commerce actRequired railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Worked to close down saloons
Boost!
Boost!
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Pullman strikeAfter a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Frozen!
Frozen!
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
White collar workers
Knights of laborNational union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Debates over moneyFarmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Chinese exclusion actNativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Boost!
Boost!
John D. Rockefeller
Women's Christian Temperance UnionWorked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Populist partyWanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Sherman antitrust actMade monopolizing an entire market illegal
Homestead actGave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Sioux wars
Indian appropriation actcongress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Laissez-faire economicsThere was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Great railroad strike
American protective association
NAWSAWorked to secure voting rights for women
Reservation systemIndian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Changes in farmingA new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living