Assimilationist movement
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Andrew Carnegie
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Dawes act
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Knights of labor
Homestead act
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
National Grange movement
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Populist party
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Railroads
Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
Indian appropriation act
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Chinese exclusion act
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Labor unions
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Political machines
Interstate commerce act
Anti-Saloon league
Worked to close down saloons
Reservation system
Bessemer process
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
The new south
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Ghost dance movement
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
John D. Rockefeller
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Great railroad strike
Booker T. Washington
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Haymarket square riot
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Ida B. Wells
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
