Laissez-faire economicsThere was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
International migration societyFacilitated the migration of black people to africa
Homestead actGave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Labor unionsWorkers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Women's Christian Temperance UnionWorked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Assimilationist movementWanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Pullman strike
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Populist party
Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
American protective associationHeavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
White collar workersAll the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Andrew CarnegiePioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Panic of 1893
Dawes actBroke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Anti-Saloon league
Knights of laborNational union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Government support for railroadsRailroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Ghost dance movementnationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Ida B. WellsEditor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Gospel of wealthAndrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
American federation of labor
Panic of 1893A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
The new south
Great railroad strikeRailroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
Tammany HallThe most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Views on immigration
Assimilationist movementWanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Government support for railroadsRailroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Booker T. Washingtonformer slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Political machinesCorrupt political bosses and their followers
Anti-Saloon league
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Chinese exclusion actNativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Debates over money
Reservation systemIndian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Interstate commerce actRequired railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Growth of immigration16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
NAWSAWorked to secure voting rights for women
American protective associationHeavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Indian appropriation actcongress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel