Pendleton ActPolitical appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Ida B. Wells
Knights of laborNational union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
John D. RockefellerPioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Great railroad strike
Labor unionsWorkers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Laissez-faire economicsThere was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Sherman antitrust actMade monopolizing an entire market illegal
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Anti-Saloon leagueWorked to close down saloons
Settlement houses
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Chinese exclusion act
Homestead actGave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Tammany HallThe most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
RailroadsMassive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
The new southIdea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
National Grange movementSocial and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Andrew CarnegiePioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Reservation systemIndian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Gospel of wealthAndrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
White collar workersAll the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
American federation of laborGrew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Growth of immigration
Pendleton ActPolitical appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Assimilationist movement
Populist party
NAWSA
Interstate commerce act
Homestead actGave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Reservation systemIndian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
Sioux warsSioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Political machinesCorrupt political bosses and their followers
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Andrew Carnegie
American federation of laborGrew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
The new southIdea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Great railroad strike
Indian appropriation actcongress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Panic of 1893A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Dawes actBroke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Haymarket square riot
Bessemer processEnabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Pullman strikeAfter a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Jim Crow lawsForced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Chinese exclusion actNativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Changes in farmingA new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
John D. Rockefeller
Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods