Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Labor unions
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Bessemer process
Homestead act
Knights of labor
Political machines
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
White collar workers
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Views on immigration
Booker T. Washington
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Haymarket square riot
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Sioux wars
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Laissez-faire economics
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Government support for railroads
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Changes in farming
A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
The new south
Ida B. Wells
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Tammany Hall
