White collar workers
Gospel of wealth
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Ghost dance movement
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Anti-Saloon league
John D. Rockefeller
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Ida B. Wells
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Bessemer process
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Jim Crow laws
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Great railroad strike
Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
Labor unions
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Chinese exclusion act
Booker T. Washington
Views on immigration
Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
American protective association
National Grange movement
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
American federation of labor
Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Knights of labor
Dawes act
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Andrew Carnegie
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Assimilationist movement
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Government support for railroads
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Political machines
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
