APUSH Unit 6 (1865-1898) duel

Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.

Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Knights of labor National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts

Sherman antitrust act Made monopolizing an entire market illegal

Tammany Hall

Ghost dance movement nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Corrupt political bosses and their followers

By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled

Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war

Labor unions Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions

Great railroad strike Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops

Growth of immigration 16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities

Changes in farming A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living

Chinese exclusion act

Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job

International migration society

NAWSA Worked to secure voting rights for women

Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process

Government support for railroads Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants

Haymarket square riot

Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Pullman strike After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed

Bessemer process

American federation of labor

Assimilationist movement

Dawes act Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves

John D. Rockefeller Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.

Indian appropriation act congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans

Interstate commerce act Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads

Tammany Hall The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes

Assimilationist movement Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.

Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical

Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her

nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods

Views on immigration Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers

Booker T. Washington former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights

Bessemer process

Debates over money Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard

National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts

Government support for railroads Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants

Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Sioux wars Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.

congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans

A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.

Chinese exclusion act Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.

Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.

Interstate commerce act Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads

International migration society Facilitated the migration of black people to africa

National Grange movement Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers

White collar workers All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them

Pendleton Act Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job

Sherman antitrust act Made monopolizing an entire market illegal

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

End this game?