Government support for railroads
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Views on immigration
Anti-Saloon league
Ida B. Wells
Gospel of wealth
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
American federation of labor
Chinese exclusion act
Changes in farming
A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
American protective association
Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
Laissez-faire economics
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Growth of immigration
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Political machines
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Dawes act
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Haymarket square riot
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
National Grange movement
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Reservation system
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Great railroad strike
NAWSA
Pendleton Act
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Assimilationist movement
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Pullman strike
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
