APUSH Unit 6 (1865-1898) duel

Pendleton Act Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job

International migration society

Indian appropriation act

Knights of labor National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Labor unions Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions

Settlement houses Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women

Assimilationist movement Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.

Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Populist party

Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.

Interstate commerce act Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads

The new south

Chinese exclusion act Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.

Changes in farming A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living

Booker T. Washington

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Laissez-faire economics There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time

Corrupt political bosses and their followers

Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war

Gospel of wealth Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society

National Grange movement

White collar workers All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them

Government support for railroads

Ghost dance movement nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Sherman antitrust act

By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled

The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes

Haymarket square riot Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical

Worked to secure voting rights for women

Ida B. Wells Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her

White collar workers All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them

Gospel of wealth Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society

Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical

Government support for railroads Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants

Panic of 1893

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists

Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops

Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel

Debates over money Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard

Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday

Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Tammany Hall The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes

Sioux wars Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.

Booker T. Washington former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights

Views on immigration

Dawes act

Reservation system

nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

Chinese exclusion act

Sherman antitrust act

Indian appropriation act congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans

Settlement houses Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women

Assimilationist movement Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.

Pullman strike After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed

National Grange movement

Worked to secure voting rights for women

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