Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Reservation system
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Populist party
National Grange movement
Ghost dance movement
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Great railroad strike
Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
Haymarket square riot
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Sherman antitrust act
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Labor unions
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Booker T. Washington
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Gospel of wealth
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Bessemer process
Anti-Saloon league
Worked to close down saloons
Ida B. Wells
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Laissez-faire economics
Tammany Hall
Indian appropriation act
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Settlement houses
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Debates over money
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
