APUSH Unit 6 (1865-1898) duel

Railroads Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods

Bessemer process Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel

Jim Crow laws Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties

Homestead act Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.

Anti-Saloon league Worked to close down saloons

Government support for railroads

American protective association Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists

Views on immigration

Pendleton Act

Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Booker T. Washington former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights

Settlement houses Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women

Knights of labor National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts

Haymarket square riot Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical

Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops

International migration society

Tammany Hall

Sioux wars

Debates over money Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard

Interstate commerce act

NAWSA Worked to secure voting rights for women

Pullman strike After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed

Dawes act

Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war

Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday

White collar workers All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them

Andrew Carnegie Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process

Sherman antitrust act Made monopolizing an entire market illegal

congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans

By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled

Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday

Knights of labor

Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers

Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical

Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Political machines

Dawes act Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves

Debates over money

Laissez-faire economics There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time

The new south Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.

Ida B. Wells

Tammany Hall The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes

Gospel of wealth

Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.

Sioux wars

Growth of immigration

Great railroad strike

Andrew Carnegie Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process

Massive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods

Anti-Saloon league

American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes

Bessemer process Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel

Worked to secure voting rights for women

Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.

Sherman antitrust act Made monopolizing an entire market illegal

Reservation system Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo

A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.

nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.

End this game?