Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Interstate commerce act
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Great railroad strike
Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
Homestead act
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Gospel of wealth
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Andrew Carnegie
Railroads
Growth of immigration
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Debates over money
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Booker T. Washington
International migration society
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Political machines
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
Jim Crow laws
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Changes in farming
Government support for railroads
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Pendleton Act
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Laissez-faire economics
National Grange movement
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Pullman strike
Ghost dance movement
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
White collar workers
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
John D. Rockefeller
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
