Tammany HallThe most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Annapolis conventionSecret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Brown v. Board of educationThe Supreme Court ruled that segregated schools were inherently unequal and schools had to be integrated. Overturned plessy v. Ferguson from 1896
Laws helped codify racial differneces. They wanted to prevent the growth of the free black population by banning interracial marriage. Also slavery was becoming cheaper than indentured servitude
Lexington and ConcordeBritish troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
Cult of domesticity
Election of 1797First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Praying townsTowns in new england where native Americans were forced to live. They we're supposed to be for their protection, but really, it was to steal their land and convert them to christianity
Theologian and philosopher who objected to predestination and helped cause the first great awakening by preaching to large crowds
Argued that for african americans to have any shot at economic equality, they needed to be recognized as politically equal first.
Age of passionPolitics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Sugar actReduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
White collar workersAll the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Debates over money
Spain sells FloridaU.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
12/13 states met to amend the articles of confederation. They eventually decided to draft a new constitution
Johnson impeachedPres. Johnson violated the tenure of office act, and impeachment failed by one vote
Treaty of New Echota
Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
fourteen pointsWilson articulated his vision for the post-war world. Freedom of navigation, self-determination of nations, and a league of Nations (before the UN)
Britians first colony, established in outer banks, NC. When they came back, it was abandonded
Ida B. WellsEditor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
First political partiesDivisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
A slave in Missouri was taken to live in free Wisconsin, for two years, and he sued for his freedom. The Supreme Court ruled that slaves aren't citizens, and they are property so nobody can be deprived of their property without due process.
Spanish colonization
Niagra movement
Stamp act congressDelegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
British impressmentThe British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
Enforcing the Sherman Anti-trust Act
Lend-Lease ActAllowed Britain to 'borrow' the weapons they needed
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Jim Crow lawsForced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Boost!
Boost!
Ida TarbellPublished a devastating investigation of standard oil in 1902
Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
U.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
Sinking of the Lusitania
Split within the Democratic-Republican partyExpansive view of federal power & loose constructionists
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
Helped make voting more fair by giving voters privacy and preventing party bosses from pressuring people into voting for them
Labor unionsWorkers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
RailroadsMassive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
British settlers wanted more land for growing tobacco and they stole it from the natives. The natives retaliated, which infuriated the colonists. When Governor William Berkeley refused to send troops, Nathanial Bacon led angry poor farmers on an attack against the natives, and then on farms owned by Governor Berkeley.
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
New york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
Election of 1800Rematch between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. The Democratic republicans had finally figured out how to campaign in the media, and the Federalists were seen as elitist
Upton SinclairWrote the book 'The Jungle' to expose the dangerous conditions of factory workers and the unsanitary meat packers
WhigsNew party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
Battle of Bunker hillBritish won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
King Philip's war
Reconstruction acts
7 years war
Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.
Voting Rights Act of 1965Prohibited racial discrimination in the voting booth
Pendleton ActPolitical appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Fugitive slave actMany northerners opposed the expansion of slavery, and abolitionists despised the law. There were often riots when Southerners would try to bring back a runaway slave.
Settlement housesProvided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
American temperance societyFocused on working men. Established over 5,000 chapters across the nation
Scopes Monkey trial
Advocated for women's rights using many of the same tactics as the civil rights movement
Truman took measures to contain the spread of communism. The U.S. would provide economic and military support to any country fighting communism