Market revolution
The linking of northern industries with western and southern farms which was created by advances in agriculture, industry, communication, and transportation
Black Panthers
Advocated violence when necessary in defense of black rights
Roosevelt persuaded Congress to pass a looser version of the neutrality act that allowed anyone to purchase arms from the U.S. as long as they paid in cash and used their own ships to transport it
Wanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
British beliefs after 7 years war
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
Progressivism
The idea that the problems within American society could only be fixed through vigorous government intervention.
A dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Virtual representation
The idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
Election of 1797
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
Bleeding Kansas
Fighting broke out between the pro and anti-slavery factions
Pendleton Act
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Free Soil Party
Formed by abolitionists who wanted to ban slavery everywhere
Direct election of senators
Gave citizens the right to vote for their senators. Progressives argued this helped take senators out of the pockets of millionaires and big business
15th amendment
Protected voting rights of former slaves (in theory)
Palmer raids
The AG tasked FBI Director Hoover to gather information on suspected communists and led to mass arrests and deportations
Election of 1824
The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
French revolution
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
Common sense
Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Big stick diplomacy
An aggressive foreign policy that got the U.S. involved in many foreign conflicts
violent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
White collar workers
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Pullman strike
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Niagra movement
Tenure of Office Act
Limited the number of eastern European and Asian immigrants
Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger
Her refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger, and subsequent arrest sparked a massive bus boycott
Positions on expansion of slavery
Argued that slavery was a constitutional right, wanted line established in the Missouri Compromise to extend all the way westward to the Pacific.
A photojournalist who published a book called 'How the Other Half Lives' which showed the horrifying conditions of the people living in urban tenements
