Bessemer process
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Advocated for women's rights using many of the same tactics as the civil rights movement
After the arrest of a black motorist by white officers, rioters killed over 30 people and destroyed hundreds of buildings in Los Angeles
Malcom X Advocated countering white violence with black violence
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Panic of 1819
Dred Scott case A slave in Missouri was taken to live in free Wisconsin, for two years, and he sued for his freedom. The Supreme Court ruled that slaves aren't citizens, and they are property so nobody can be deprived of their property without due process.
A coalition of free soilers and whigs and northern democrats who's goal was to stop the spread of slavery.
Tariff of 1828 Raised import duties up to 50%. Supported by industrial northerners and hated by southerners who relied on imports
Battle of Vicksburg Granted the Union control of the entire Mississippi River. Cut the confederacy in half
Cold war A conflict between two belligerents where neither engages in conflict with the other
Texan independence
First political parties
John Brown
Cesar Chavez Led the protests for fair labor for agricultural workers
sedition act
Marbury vs. Madison On his way out of office, John Adams appointed 16 new judges. Jefferson refused to deliver some of these appointments. The Supreme Court established judicial review.
Election of 1824 The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
New American identity
Palmer raids The AG tasked FBI Director Hoover to gather information on suspected communists and led to mass arrests and deportations
Views on immigration Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
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In Tennessee it was illegal to teach Darwin's theory of evolution to children. A teacher was arrested for teaching it to his class. In the end, the conviction was thrown out on a technicality.
Expanding the fur trade, later plantations in Louisiana
Baker vs. Carr Mandated fair congressional districts
Federalism
Hoovervilles
Rush-Bagot pact Agreement with Britain that removed military ships from the great lakes.
Compromise of 1850 California and New Mexico wanted to enter the union as free states. Henry Clay created compromise: New Mexico and Utah would vote on slavery, California would be admitted as a free state, Slavery would be banned in Washington D.C., and there would be a new fugitive slave act
Assembly line A new and more efficient way to manufacture products like cars
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Age of passion
Treaty of New Echota
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Roger Williams
After the arrest of a black motorist by white officers, rioters killed over 30 people and destroyed hundreds of buildings in Los Angeles
alien laws
Thousands of black folks sat a segregated food counters and refused to move until they were taken out by force and jailed
Organized the conservative opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment
Assembly line A new and more efficient way to manufacture products like cars
California and New Mexico wanted to enter the union as free states. Henry Clay created compromise: New Mexico and Utah would vote on slavery, California would be admitted as a free state, Slavery would be banned in Washington D.C., and there would be a new fugitive slave act
Jamestown The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia by a joint stock company
joint-stock company A business, often backed by a government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among many investors.
Raised import duties up to 50%. Supported by industrial northerners and hated by southerners who relied on imports
Jefferson's presidency He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
Marbury vs. Madison On his way out of office, John Adams appointed 16 new judges. Jefferson refused to deliver some of these appointments. The Supreme Court established judicial review.
Towns in new england where native Americans were forced to live. They we're supposed to be for their protection, but really, it was to steal their land and convert them to christianity
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Palmer raids The AG tasked FBI Director Hoover to gather information on suspected communists and led to mass arrests and deportations
Marshall plan The extensive economic aid plan to rebuild the European economy and encourage democracy
Johnson impeached
Stamp act congress
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
Roe v. Wade Nixon's appointments (who he'd assumed who be conservative) ruled in favor of abortion rights
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Articles of confederation
National Grange movement Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
John D. Rockefeller Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Booker T. Washington
Growth of immigration 16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Indentured Servants Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
Red Scare Anti-german sentiment shifted to anti-communist sentiment as people feared communist infiltration from Russia
Philippines Teddy Roosevelt sent an American fleet to attack the Spanish colony. They staged a ground invasion in collaboration with Filipino nationalists and overthrew the Spanish, before buying it from them
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Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
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