Compromise of 1850
California and New Mexico wanted to enter the union as free states.
Henry Clay created compromise: New Mexico and Utah would vote on slavery, California would be admitted as a free state, Slavery would be banned in Washington D.C., and there would be a new fugitive slave act
New American identity
Black codes
Restricted the civil rights of african americans in the south. Made it harder to vote, own property, even banned them from testifying against white people
Whiskey rebellion
American imperialism
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
George Whitefield
A staunch Calvinist who began preaching outdoors in England. He moved to the colonies in 1740. In 2 years he was able to speak to over a quarter of the American population
Believed in active government and he grew the government more than any president before him.
Jefferson's presidency
He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
White supremacy
White supremacy continued to dominate. Secret societies continued to terrorize African Americans (and Catholics, jews, and immigrants)
Woodrow Wilson's Triple wall of privilege
On his first day in office, WW addressed Congress on the need to provide relief to Americans by lowering tariffs
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
Organized the conservative opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment
The Virginia plan
The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
N.A.A.C.P
Sought to abolish all forms of segregation and expand educational opportunities for black children (and others)
Shay’s rebellion
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
EPA
Created in response to growing backlash from environmental disasters. Sought to place limits on pollution in the air and water
fourteen points
Wilson articulated his vision for the post-war world. Freedom of navigation, self-determination of nations, and a league of Nations (before the UN)
republican motherhood
the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
Stamp act
Interstate commerce act
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Second great awakening
Camp meetings with huge sermons, christian revival. In contrast to first great awakening, which focused on personal moral reformation, second one emphasized moral reformation of society
Jim Crow laws
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia by a joint stock company
Many northerners opposed the expansion of slavery, and abolitionists despised the law. There were often riots when Southerners would try to bring back a runaway slave.
Muckrakers
Investigative journalists who exposed the underbelly of corruption rampant in American.
Korematsu vs. U.S.
Challenged the practice of Japanese Internment, but SCOTUS ruled that it was a wartime necessity
Haymarket square riot
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
