The Albany conference Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
15th amendment
Malcom X Advocated countering white violence with black violence
Johnathan Edwards Theologian and philosopher who objected to predestination and helped cause the first great awakening by preaching to large crowds
EPA Created in response to growing backlash from environmental disasters. Sought to place limits on pollution in the air and water
Dred Scott case A slave in Missouri was taken to live in free Wisconsin, for two years, and he sued for his freedom. The Supreme Court ruled that slaves aren't citizens, and they are property so nobody can be deprived of their property without due process.
March on Washington Hundreds of thousands gathered for a peaceful protest in front of the lincoln memorial. MLK gave his 'I have a dream' speech
John D. Rockefeller Pioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Progressivism The idea that the problems within American society could only be fixed through vigorous government intervention.
Checks and balances
Southern baptists Split from the rest of the baptist church because the northern baptists were abolitionists
Prohibited prayers in school
Jim Crow laws
Indian appropriation act congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
California and New Mexico wanted to enter the union as free states. Henry Clay created compromise: New Mexico and Utah would vote on slavery, California would be admitted as a free state, Slavery would be banned in Washington D.C., and there would be a new fugitive slave act
Camp meetings with huge sermons, christian revival. In contrast to first great awakening, which focused on personal moral reformation, second one emphasized moral reformation of society
Mass culture The growing popularity of technologies like movies and the radio meant that everyone was listening to the same things, which helped create a more unified culture and distinct identity
Anyone who tried to incite rebellion or obstruct the draft would go to prison
A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Olive branch petition Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
New deal Public works administration: employed people to work on infrastructure projects Tennessee Valley Authority: Hired people to control power plants and control flooding
republican motherhood the idea that women needed to become educated so that they could educate the new generation
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
More American fishing rights, set the U.S. - Canada border at the 49th parallel, and called for the joint-occupation of Oregon
Pure food and drug act
Charles Finney New york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Declaration of Independence Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Federalism The division of powers between different levels of government.
Boost!
Boost!
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Shay’s rebellion Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
Malcom X Advocated countering white violence with black violence
Sit-in movement Thousands of black folks sat a segregated food counters and refused to move until they were taken out by force and jailed
alien laws authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
Frozen!
Frozen!
McCulloch vs Maryland Ruled that federal law trumps state law
Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
Progressivism The idea that the problems within American society could only be fixed through vigorous government intervention.
Meat inspection act Set standards of sanitation for meat packing plants
Sedition act of 1918
Tenure of Office Act
Weak national government
Henry Clay's American system
Frozen!
Frozen!
British won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
George Washington's Presidency Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
The new south
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Charles Finney New york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
Expansion of democracy Voting rights were expanded to all white males
Challenged the practice of Japanese Internment, but SCOTUS ruled that it was a wartime necessity
Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
18th amendment passed
Debates over money Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Failures of the articles of confederation France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Anne Hutchinson A Puritan woman who was well learned that disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority.
John Brown
Pendleton Act
Manifest destiny Americans believed they had a God-given right to have a nation from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.
Franklin D. Roosevelt elected Believed in active government and he grew the government more than any president before him.
Incorrect!
Incorrect!
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