New dealPublic works administration: employed people to work on infrastructure projects
Tennessee Valley Authority: Hired people to control power plants and control flooding
Panic of 1819First major recession in the United States
Roger WilliamsA dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south
Malcom X
Direct election of senatorsGave citizens the right to vote for their senators. Progressives argued this helped take senators out of the pockets of millionaires and big business
Spanish-American War
Wilson created many wartime agencies to coordinate the war. They encouraged Americans to ration resources and food, took control of railroads, and revitalized industries, causing more urban migration.
The embargoPresident Jefferson established an embargo on foreign trade in retaliation for Britain and France attacks on American ships.
Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
Louisiana purchase
Checks and balancesDifferent branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Sit-in movementThousands of black folks sat a segregated food counters and refused to move until they were taken out by force and jailed
Madison re-imposed the embargo on Britain because they continued to attack American ships
Created in response to growing backlash from environmental disasters. Sought to place limits on pollution in the air and water
He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
Common senseAttacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Written by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
Boost!
Boost!
Townshend ActsIn opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Cash and CarryRoosevelt persuaded Congress to pass a looser version of the neutrality act that allowed anyone to purchase arms from the U.S. as long as they paid in cash and used their own ships to transport it
Protected voting rights of former slaves (in theory)
The Albany conferenceMeeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
French colonizationExpanding the fur trade, later plantations in Louisiana
First political partiesDivisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
Civil rights act of 1866All African Americans were citizens of the United States
Election of 1860
Immigration QuotasLimited the number of eastern European and Asian immigrants
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Sedition act of 1918Prohibited anyone from making negative comments about the government
Watts Riots of 1965After the arrest of a black motorist by white officers, rioters killed over 30 people and destroyed hundreds of buildings in Los Angeles
Advocated violence when necessary in defense of black rights
Boost!
Boost!
Praying townsTowns in new england where native Americans were forced to live. They we're supposed to be for their protection, but really, it was to steal their land and convert them to christianity
Progressive's concernsRising power of big businesses
Uncertainties in the economy
Violence between labor groups and employers
Influence of political machines
Jim Crow segregation
Rights of women
Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Election of 1860
After WWII there was a massive movement of decolonization throughout the world. Many of these new nations were unstable and needed aid, creating perfect conditions for proxy wars
Ideas about expansion and manifest destiny were engrained into the American identity. America purchased Alaska in 1867.
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Ida B. WellsEditor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Anti-Saloon league
The contested election was decided by a Republican-leaning committee the obv chose the Republican candidate. Democrats threatened to filibuster
Navigation Acts
House Unamerican activities community searched for communist influence in American society (Government, military, film industry, Boy Scouts)
Democratic RepublicansWeak national government
Sedition act of 1918Prohibited anyone from making negative comments about the government
Frozen!
Frozen!
Assembly lineA new and more efficient way to manufacture products like cars
Market revolutionThe linking of northern industries with western and southern farms which was created by advances in agriculture, industry, communication, and transportation
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
FlappersWomen who rejected stereotypical gender roles by drinking and smoking and having short hair
The standard of living for most Americans increased during the 1920s.
Townshend ActsIn opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Treaty of Guadalupe-HidalgoEstablished the southern border of the United States and granted a huge portion of land known as the Mexican cession which included California and new Mexico
Pullman strike
Positions on expansion of slaveryArgued that slavery was a constitutional right, wanted line established in the Missouri Compromise to extend all the way westward to the Pacific.
Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
7 years war
John BrownLed a small raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry. His goal was to arm the southern slave population and incite a slave rebellion
Malcom XAdvocated countering white violence with black violence