Heimler's History APUSH Review duel

Panic of 1819 First major recession in the United States

Texan independence Americans had been settling in Texas since the 1820s. The southerners outnumbered actual Mexicans and had brought their slaves. The Mexican government outlawed slavery and mandated catholicism.

The embargo President Jefferson established an embargo on foreign trade in retaliation for Britain and France attacks on American ships.

The Albany conference Meeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"

Declaration of Independence

Attitudes towards Germany Wanted to keep Germany weak so they wouldn't pose a threat. Wanted to extract reparations for all the damage Germany had caused

Puritan culture

civic virtue

Civil rights act of 1866 All African Americans were citizens of the United States

Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members

Spanish colonization Colonized to extract wealth through mining and cash crops

From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up

In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.

Changes in farming

Charles Finney

Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms

Anaconda plan Plan to completely cut off the south by blockading southern ports and eventually the Mississippi river

1920's politics A Republican president was elected. He promised to reduce the government's involvement in people's lives and return to normalcy.

Election of 1828

Compromise of 1820 Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.

GI Bill Gave WW2 veterans the opportunity to go to college for free (paid by the Government)

Provided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women

Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society

Increased nativism Increased immigration from eastern Europe after the war created another wave of nativism. Led to the passage of the immigration quotas

Progressivism

Madison declared war on great Britain Madison declared war. "Would Americans remain independent or become colonists again?"

Wilmot Proviso An amendment to a law in congress that stipulated that any land gained in the Mexican-American war wouldn't be ineligible for the spread of slavery. Symbolized the growing tension over westward expansion and slavery.

Southern resistance to integration Argued that the Supreme Court had engaged in a gross abuse of power

Whiskey rebellion

They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens

Malcom X

Checks and balances Different branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.

Southern baptists Split from the rest of the baptist church because the northern baptists were abolitionists

National Grange movement Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers

Failures of the articles of confederation France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.

Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.

Populist party Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday

divided Nebraska territory into 2 sections, Kansas and Nebraska. Put slavery to a vote in each new state. Effectively overturned the Missouri compromise!

Georgia government Very strict. Max land ownership, no slavery, alcohol, or Catholics. By 1740's Georgians wanted normal english liberties so these restrictions went away.

White supremacy White supremacy continued to dominate. Secret societies continued to terrorize African Americans (and Catholics, jews, and immigrants)

Booker T. Washington He argued that to achieve political equality, African Americans had to engage themselves in education and economic endavors

Expansion of democracy Voting rights were expanded to all white males

Indentured Servants Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years

sedition act

W.E.B. Dubois Argued that for african americans to have any shot at economic equality, they needed to be recognized as politically equal first.

Progressive's concerns

He favored removing them to reservations beyond the Mississippi if they refused to "civilize" themselves. Some unified and began violently resisting with help from the British

A new and more efficient way to manufacture products like cars

Plymouth

Bleeding Kansas Fighting broke out between the pro and anti-slavery factions

Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical

The Virginia plan

Great railroad strike Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops

Crisis in American values Embraced the changing culture with respect to gender roles and scientific discoveries Lived in urban areas

Immigration Quotas Limited the number of eastern European and Asian immigrants

Stopped the president from removing a member of their cabinet without congressional approval (Johnson had tried to remove his secretary of war, who was a radical Republican)

Decolonization

All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.

French revolution Ambassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.

Stamp act congress Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.

End this game?