Progressivism The idea that the problems within American society could only be fixed through vigorous government intervention.
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Federalists
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Colony founded by John Winthrop, part of the Great Puritan Migration, founded by puritans. Had a theocratic republic. "City upon a hill"
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Anyone who tried to incite rebellion or obstruct the draft would go to prison
Townshend Acts In opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Enforcing the Sherman Anti-trust Act Roosevelt began enforcing the act more strictly and dismantled over 40 large companies (only bad trusts)
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
Red Scare Anti-german sentiment shifted to anti-communist sentiment as people feared communist infiltration from Russia
Pullman strike After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Panic of 1819
Prohibited racial discrimination in the voting booth
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Prohibited prayers in school
Railroads
Forced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Shay’s rebellion
Jay treaty Britain agreed to abandon outposts on the western frontier. In return the U.S. would favor trade with Britian. However, the treaty failed to address the british kidnapping, and American hatred of Britian caused riots.
Embraced the changing culture with respect to gender roles and scientific discoveries Lived in urban areas
pinckney's treaty
American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Wanted to keep Germany weak so they wouldn't pose a threat. Wanted to extract reparations for all the damage Germany had caused
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Baker vs. Carr
Americans believed they had a God-given right to have a nation from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.
Jamestown The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia by a joint stock company
Containment Truman took measures to contain the spread of communism. The U.S. would provide economic and military support to any country fighting communism
Pequot war Pequot tribe vs connecticut settlers. Started witht eh murder of 2 english traders. It was part of a larger dispute over trade
French revolution
Counter culture
Puritan culture Family seen as foundation of social fabric
Embraced the changing culture with respect to gender roles and scientific discoveries Lived in urban areas
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Sit-in movement
Declaratory act Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Led the protests for fair labor for agricultural workers
virginia and kentucky resolutions
Sugar act Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
The linking of northern industries with western and southern farms which was created by advances in agriculture, industry, communication, and transportation
James Oglethorpe Got the royal charter for Georgia because he wanted to establish a colony for the "worthy poor" (the people in debtors prisions). England also wanted protection from Spanish Florida.
Scopes Monkey trial In Tennessee it was illegal to teach Darwin's theory of evolution to children. A teacher was arrested for teaching it to his class. In the end, the conviction was thrown out on a technicality.
Woodrow Wilson's Triple wall of privilege On his first day in office, WW addressed Congress on the need to provide relief to Americans by lowering tariffs
Franklin D. Roosevelt elected
Tammany Hall The most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Ruled that federal law trumps state law
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Pullman strike After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
An aggressive foreign policy that got the U.S. involved in many foreign conflicts
Reservation system Indian nations were assigned land called reservations. However this land was much less than before, and many decided to just keep following buffalo
Palmer raids The AG tasked FBI Director Hoover to gather information on suspected communists and led to mass arrests and deportations
Rush-Bagot pact Agreement with Britain that removed military ships from the great lakes.
Election of 1860 Lincoln campaigned on halting the expansion of slavery. He won without a single Southern electoral vote, prompting the south to realize they no longer any voice in the future of slavery in america
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A Republican president was elected. He promised to reduce the government's involvement in people's lives and return to normalcy.
Helped make voting more fair by giving voters privacy and preventing party bosses from pressuring people into voting for them
Baker vs. Carr
New deal Public works administration: employed people to work on infrastructure projects Tennessee Valley Authority: Hired people to control power plants and control flooding
An amendment to a law in congress that stipulated that any land gained in the Mexican-American war wouldn't be ineligible for the spread of slavery. Symbolized the growing tension over westward expansion and slavery.
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Shay’s rebellion Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
7 years war A dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
Indian Removal Act of 1830
The Feminine Mystique
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Established the southern border of the United States and granted a huge portion of land known as the Mexican cession which included California and new Mexico
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