After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
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Counter culture A movement, mostly among young people who cast off societal restraint with rebellious clothing and experimental drug use
Georgia government Very strict. Max land ownership, no slavery, alcohol, or Catholics. By 1740's Georgians wanted normal english liberties so these restrictions went away.
Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S. Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
Pendleton Act Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Battle of Vicksburg Granted the Union control of the entire Mississippi River. Cut the confederacy in half
Sherman antitrust act Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Jefferson's presidency He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
Federalists Strong national government
Argued that the Supreme Court had engaged in a gross abuse of power
Checks and balances
Over 1.5 million African Americans moved north in search of economic opportunities created by the war effort and an escape from southern discrimination
Spanish colonization Colonized to extract wealth through mining and cash crops
Bleeding Kansas Fighting broke out between the pro and anti-slavery factions
The new appointed governor of Massachusetts who began to strictly enforce parliaments laws
XYZ affair French and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
American federation of labor Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Delegates met in New York to send the "declaration of rights & grievances" to the king. They also organized a boycott of British goods.
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Established the southern border of the United States and granted a huge portion of land known as the Mexican cession which included California and new Mexico
Hamilton's financial plan 1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
Shay’s rebellion Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
Johnathan Edwards Theologian and philosopher who objected to predestination and helped cause the first great awakening by preaching to large crowds
Reservation system
Jacob Riis A photojournalist who published a book called 'How the Other Half Lives' which showed the horrifying conditions of the people living in urban tenements
Upton Sinclair
Panic of 1819
Ideas about expansion and manifest destiny were engrained into the American identity. America purchased Alaska in 1867.
Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.
Pequot war Pequot tribe vs connecticut settlers. Started witht eh murder of 2 english traders. It was part of a larger dispute over trade
EPA Created in response to growing backlash from environmental disasters. Sought to place limits on pollution in the air and water
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Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
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Women's Christian Temperance Union Worked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Square deal When coal miners began to strike, Roosevelt stepped in to negotiate what he called a 'square deal' for both the workers and the corperation
The Virginia plan The plan for representation favored by large states. It called for 2 houses with population based representation and a strong national government.
International migration society Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
Henry Clay's American system Federally funded internal improvements, protective tariffs, and the re-establishment of the bank of the united states.
John Brown Led a small raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry. His goal was to arm the southern slave population and incite a slave rebellion
Franklin D. Roosevelt elected Believed in active government and he grew the government more than any president before him.
Georgia government Very strict. Max land ownership, no slavery, alcohol, or Catholics. By 1740's Georgians wanted normal english liberties so these restrictions went away.
President Jefferson established an embargo on foreign trade in retaliation for Britain and France attacks on American ships.
Expansion of democracy Voting rights were expanded to all white males
Cult of domesticity A woman's identity and sense of purpose revolved around child-bearing and making her home comfortable for her husband.
Common sense Attacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
Jefferson's presidency
End of the federalists The war had revived the struggling party thanks to the anti-war movement. Now that the war was over, federalist support collapsed for good.
Theologian and philosopher who objected to predestination and helped cause the first great awakening by preaching to large crowds
Madison declared war on great Britain Madison declared war. "Would Americans remain independent or become colonists again?"
Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
Progressive's concerns
Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
After WWII there was a massive movement of decolonization throughout the world. Many of these new nations were unstable and needed aid, creating perfect conditions for proxy wars
Hola
Ensured Americans were eating safe and uncontaminated food
The middle ground The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Direct election of senators Gave citizens the right to vote for their senators. Progressives argued this helped take senators out of the pockets of millionaires and big business
Upton Sinclair Wrote the book 'The Jungle' to expose the dangerous conditions of factory workers and the unsanitary meat packers
Panic of 1819 First major recession in the United States
Rise 0f Chesapeake slavery Laws helped codify racial differneces. They wanted to prevent the growth of the free black population by banning interracial marriage. Also slavery was becoming cheaper than indentured servitude
Plymouth Colony settled by the Pilgrims. It eventually merged with Massachusetts Bay colony.
New party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
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