N.A.A.C.PSought to abolish all forms of segregation and expand educational opportunities for black children (and others)
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.
National Grange movement
Big stick diplomacy
Age of passionPolitics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Cesar ChavezLed the protests for fair labor for agricultural workers
Boston massacreParliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
Johnson impeachedPres. Johnson violated the tenure of office act, and impeachment failed by one vote
Expansion of democracy
Election of 1844James k. Polk was a big believer in manifest destiny. He got the Oregon territory and started the Mexican-American River.
Compromise of 1850California and New Mexico wanted to enter the union as free states.
Henry Clay created compromise: New Mexico and Utah would vote on slavery, California would be admitted as a free state, Slavery would be banned in Washington D.C., and there would be a new fugitive slave act
Spanish-American War
Louisiana purchase
XYZ affairFrench and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Spain sells FloridaU.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
Compromise of 1877The contested election was decided by a Republican-leaning committee the obv chose the Republican candidate. Democrats threatened to filibuster
Andrew CarnegiePioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
Labor unions
Women who rejected stereotypical gender roles by drinking and smoking and having short hair
American protective association
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Great railroad strikeRailroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
Looked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Tammany Hall
White collar workers
George Washington's PresidencyEstablished many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
Failures of the articles of confederationFrance and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Pendleton ActPolitical appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Rise 0f Chesapeake slavery
Malcom XAdvocated countering white violence with black violence
Boost!
Boost!
Massachusetts Bay ColonyColony founded by John Winthrop, part of the Great Puritan Migration, founded by puritans. Had a theocratic republic. "City upon a hill"
Gold rushGold was discovered in California, population skyrocketed
Marbury vs. MadisonOn his way out of office, John Adams appointed 16 new judges. Jefferson refused to deliver some of these appointments. The Supreme Court established judicial review.
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Philippines
Haymarket square riotAnarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Annapolis conventionSecret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
James OglethorpeGot the royal charter for Georgia because he wanted to establish a colony for the "worthy poor" (the people in debtors prisions). England also wanted protection from Spanish Florida.
Gospel of wealthAndrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Attitudes towards GermanyWanted to keep Germany weak so they wouldn't pose a threat.
Wanted to extract reparations for all the damage Germany had caused
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Frozen!
W.E.B. Dubois
2nd Continental CongressHow would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
7 years warA dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
RailroadsMassive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
Expansion of democracyVoting rights were expanded to all white males
On his first day in office, WW addressed Congress on the need to provide relief to Americans by lowering tariffs
MuckrakersInvestigative journalists who exposed the underbelly of corruption rampant in American.
Led a small raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry. His goal was to arm the southern slave population and incite a slave rebellion
Ghost dance movement
divided Nebraska territory into 2 sections, Kansas and Nebraska. Put slavery to a vote in each new state. Effectively overturned the Missouri compromise!
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Frozen!
Created in response to growing backlash from environmental disasters. Sought to place limits on pollution in the air and water
Upton SinclairWrote the book 'The Jungle' to expose the dangerous conditions of factory workers and the unsanitary meat packers
Stopped the president from removing a member of their cabinet without congressional approval (Johnson had tried to remove his secretary of war, who was a radical Republican)
Hundreds of thousands gathered for a peaceful protest in front of the lincoln memorial. MLK gave his 'I have a dream' speech
Labor unions
Prohibited prayers in school
Hamilton's financial plan
Roger WilliamsA dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south