Sit-in movementThousands of black folks sat a segregated food counters and refused to move until they were taken out by force and jailed
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Louisiana purchaseNapoleon needed money to quell the Haitian revolution, so he sold the Louisiana territory, and Jefferson bought. This was controversial because the constitution didn't specify how to add territory to the union.
Federalism
Great depressionThe stock market collapsed on black Tuesday. People borrowed money to invest in the stock market. Everyone lost their money.
Anne HutchinsonA Puritan woman who was well learned that disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority.
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
Agreement with Britain that removed military ships from the great lakes.
7 years warA dispute over a french fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
The middle ground
Pendleton Act
Tenure of Office Act
GI Bill
A German U-Boat sank a passenger ship with 128 Americans on board
Knights of laborNational union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
EPA
Labor unions
Red Scare
The Albany conferenceMeeting between leaders of 7 colonies to create a plan for joint defense and administration of the colonies. "Join or die"
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Lend-Lease Act
Indentured ServantsColonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
Railroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
Niagra movementLed by W.E.B. Dubois who organized a group of black intellectuals who met and organized to secure rights for African americans
He argued that to achieve political equality, African Americans had to engage themselves in education and economic endavors
Congress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Congress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
Gold rushGold was discovered in California, population skyrocketed
Bacons rebellion
The British continued to kidnap american sailors. Washington sent John Jay to london to negotiate
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Dred Scott caseA slave in Missouri was taken to live in free Wisconsin, for two years, and he sued for his freedom. The Supreme Court ruled that slaves aren't citizens, and they are property so nobody can be deprived of their property without due process.
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
Election of 1828
Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
Wilson articulated his vision for the post-war world. Freedom of navigation, self-determination of nations, and a league of Nations (before the UN)
Ida TarbellPublished a devastating investigation of standard oil in 1902
Checks and balances
Failures of the articles of confederation
Germany solicited Mexico to become an ally of theirs, and in return they would help Mexico regain the land that they had lost in the Mexican-American war.
Tammany Hall
FederalistsStrong national government
Frozen!
Frozen!
Government support for railroads
Brown v. Board of educationThe Supreme Court ruled that segregated schools were inherently unequal and schools had to be integrated. Overturned plessy v. Ferguson from 1896
divided Nebraska territory into 2 sections, Kansas and Nebraska. Put slavery to a vote in each new state. Effectively overturned the Missouri compromise!
Dutch Wedge
18th amendment passedBanned the sale of alcohol. They thought it would right the moral wrongs of society, but it had the opposite effect
John D. RockefellerPioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
The great migration
Frozen!
Frozen!
Voting rights were expanded to all white males
Great depressionThe stock market collapsed on black Tuesday. People borrowed money to invest in the stock market. Everyone lost their money.
Phyllis SchlaflyOrganized the conservative opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment
Articles of confederationLooked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
WhigsNew party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
Boost!
Boost!
Women's Christian Temperance UnionWorked to ban alcohol, had over 500,000 members
Immigration Quotas
Boost!
Boost!
Mass culture
Square dealWhen coal miners began to strike, Roosevelt stepped in to negotiate what he called a 'square deal' for both the workers and the corperation
Black codes
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war