Articles of confederationLooked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
International migration society
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Stamp act
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Southern resistance to integrationArgued that the Supreme Court had engaged in a gross abuse of power
Populist party
Virtual representationThe idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
Increased nativismIncreased immigration from eastern Europe after the war created another wave of nativism. Led to the passage of the immigration quotas
Progressive's concernsRising power of big businesses
Uncertainties in the economy
Violence between labor groups and employers
Influence of political machines
Jim Crow segregation
Rights of women
Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
Cult of domesticity
Teddy Roosevelt progressivismBelieved the president should set the legislative agenda for Congress. He led congress to pass a series of laws on consumer protection and enviornmental conservation
American protective association
Watts Riots of 1965After the arrest of a black motorist by white officers, rioters killed over 30 people and destroyed hundreds of buildings in Los Angeles
Spanish colonizationColonized to extract wealth through mining and cash crops
Growth of immigration
Established the southern border of the United States and granted a huge portion of land known as the Mexican cession which included California and new Mexico
Britian's second colony, in Maine, it lasted around a year, but they ran out of food and left
Malcom X
Madison re-imposed the embargo on Britain because they continued to attack American ships
New party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Panic of 1893
Palmer raidsThe AG tasked FBI Director Hoover to gather information on suspected communists and led to mass arrests and deportations
Korematsu vs. U.S.
Henry Clay's American system
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Laissez-faire economics
Colo
Changes in farmingA new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
War hawkesYounger Americans who had been born after the revolution, were ardent nationalists, and wanted war with Britain to invade Florida and Canada.
The new southIdea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Dawes actBroke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Protected voting rights of former slaves (in theory)
Checks and balancesDifferent branches of government could check each other to prevent abuse of power.
Niagra movementLed by W.E.B. Dubois who organized a group of black intellectuals who met and organized to secure rights for African americans
Republican party formedA coalition of free soilers and whigs and northern democrats who's goal was to stop the spread of slavery.
Great railroad strikeRailroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
WhigsNew party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
Facilitated the migration of black people to africa
republican motherhood
U.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
Farmers in southeast Pennsylvania stopped paying taxes for the larger military. John Fries led a peaceful protest, but John Adams ordered federal troops to stop the protest, and they made mass arrests, assaulted newspaper editors, and almost executed John Fries.
Immigration QuotasLimited the number of eastern European and Asian immigrants
Bacons rebellionBritish settlers wanted more land for growing tobacco and they stole it from the natives. The natives retaliated, which infuriated the colonists. When Governor William Berkeley refused to send troops, Nathanial Bacon led angry poor farmers on an attack against the natives, and then on farms owned by Governor Berkeley.
Reconstruction actsDivided the south into 5 zones under military occupation. Increased requirements for rejoining (also ratify 14th amendment and have universal suffrage)
By 1890, the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the frontier was officially settled
The Albany conference
Hamilton's financial plan1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
George Washington's Presidency
Korematsu vs. U.S.Challenged the practice of Japanese Internment, but SCOTUS ruled that it was a wartime necessity
Market revolutionThe linking of northern industries with western and southern farms which was created by advances in agriculture, industry, communication, and transportation
British colonization
Lexington and ConcordeBritish troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
Sugar actReduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions