Boston massacre
Parliament sent 1,000 troops to boston to enforce the townshend acts. Protesters began throwing snowballs, and eventually rocks at a group of soldiers. Someone fired a shot, and the soldiers killed 5 protesters
Sugar act
virginia and kentucky resolutions
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Federalism
The division of powers between different levels of government.
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Shay’s rebellion
Farmers had to take debt because they weren’t getting paid. Their land was being repossessed so they rebelled and closed the courts. They used Republican ideals to justify it.
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Removed native americans from their land and sent them to reservations west of the Mississippi river.
Muckrakers
Thomas Gage
Marshall plan
Secret ballot
Helped make voting more fair by giving voters privacy and preventing party bosses from pressuring people into voting for them
After WWII there was a massive movement of decolonization throughout the world. Many of these new nations were unstable and needed aid, creating perfect conditions for proxy wars
Election of 1860
Lincoln campaigned on halting the expansion of slavery. He won without a single Southern electoral vote, prompting the south to realize they no longer any voice in the future of slavery in america
Interstate commerce act
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Philippines
Teddy Roosevelt sent an American fleet to attack the Spanish colony. They staged a ground invasion in collaboration with Filipino nationalists and overthrew the Spanish, before buying it from them
Towns in new england where native Americans were forced to live. They we're supposed to be for their protection, but really, it was to steal their land and convert them to christianity
American temperance society
Focused on working men. Established over 5,000 chapters across the nation
The embargo
Roosevelt began enforcing the act more strictly and dismantled over 40 large companies (only bad trusts)
Mexican-American war
Disputes over the Texas border sparked the conflict. American troops made it all the way to Mexico city.
Age of passion
Politics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions
Stamp act
All paper products sold in the colonies had to be stamped and pay a small tax. It spurred on revolutionary ideals.
7 years war
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Indentured Servants
Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
GI Bill
Gave WW2 veterans the opportunity to go to college for free (paid by the Government)
John Brown
Led a small raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry. His goal was to arm the southern slave population and incite a slave rebellion
U.S. wanted Florida for nationalist reasons and because slaves and outlaws kept hiding out there. After retaliating for a raid, Spain gives up and sells Florida for $5 million
Political machines
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
