Noah Webster's dictionary standardized the spelling and pronunciation of American language
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National union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Changes in farmingA new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Connecticut compromiseCongress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passengerHer refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger, and subsequent arrest sparked a massive bus boycott
Containment
Germany resumed sinking passenger ships two years later
Anti-Saloon league
Teddy Roosevelt progressivismBelieved the president should set the legislative agenda for Congress. He led congress to pass a series of laws on consumer protection and enviornmental conservation
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Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S.Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
March on Washington
Square deal
Stamp act congress
MuckrakersInvestigative journalists who exposed the underbelly of corruption rampant in American.
GI Bill
Formed by abolitionists who wanted to ban slavery everywhere
The Feminine Mystique
Henry Clay's American system
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Political machines
He himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
Andrew CarnegiePioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
The new southIdea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Declaration of IndependenceWritten by Thomas Jefferson. Declared the colonies an independent country from Britain. Included a statement of intent, list of grievances, and a conclusion that dissolved ties with Britain
British settlers wanted more land for growing tobacco and they stole it from the natives. The natives retaliated, which infuriated the colonists. When Governor William Berkeley refused to send troops, Nathanial Bacon led angry poor farmers on an attack against the natives, and then on farms owned by Governor Berkeley.
Sugar actReduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Democratic RepublicansWeak national government
First political partiesDivisions over neutrality in the French revolution, the Jay treaty, the financial plan, and existing sectionalism created the first political parties.
Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
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Heavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
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Common senseAttacked the obstacles to independence. It was the best selling work in American history because it presented his ideas in a vernacular way.
sedition act
King Philip's warKing Metacomet (King Philip), forges a massive military alliance with other native tribes and attacked Massachusetts in retaliation for the praying towns
drafted by thomas jefferson and james madison, claimed that alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional and overstepped federal authority under the constitition, and could therefore be nullified by the states
Wilmot ProvisoAn amendment to a law in congress that stipulated that any land gained in the Mexican-American war wouldn't be ineligible for the spread of slavery. Symbolized the growing tension over westward expansion and slavery.
The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
A conflict between two belligerents where neither engages in conflict with the other
Booker T. Washingtonformer slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Pullman strikeAfter a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
ContainmentTruman took measures to contain the spread of communism. The U.S. would provide economic and military support to any country fighting communism
FederalistsStrong national government
Family seen as foundation of social fabric
First major recession in the United States
7 years warA dispute over a French fort spiraled into a global conflict. Indigenous tribes tried to play Britain and France off of each other.
New york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
Civil Rights Act of 1964Made discrimination on the basis of race, religion, or sex illegal
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Navigation ActsColonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.
Olive branch petitionCongress wanted king George to intervene on their behalf and end the violence. He didn’t read it.
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
15th amendmentProtected voting rights of former slaves (in theory)
California and New Mexico wanted to enter the union as free states.
Henry Clay created compromise: New Mexico and Utah would vote on slavery, California would be admitted as a free state, Slavery would be banned in Washington D.C., and there would be a new fugitive slave act
American imperialism
Ethan Allen and the Green mountain boys surround fort Ticonderoga, steal it's cannons, and bring them back to Boston
N.O.W.
XYZ affairFrench and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
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Assimilationist movementWanted to end indian culture by forcing them to assimilate to American values.
Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country