Jefferson policy on indigenous AmericansHe favored removing them to reservations beyond the Mississippi if they refused to "civilize" themselves. Some unified and began violently resisting with help from the British
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Gold rushGold was discovered in California, population skyrocketed
Gospel of wealth
Limited the number of eastern European and Asian immigrants
Roosevelt persuaded Congress to pass a looser version of the neutrality act that allowed anyone to purchase arms from the U.S. as long as they paid in cash and used their own ships to transport it
Big stick diplomacyAn aggressive foreign policy that got the U.S. involved in many foreign conflicts
Sugar actReduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
The plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
First great awakening
A slave in Missouri was taken to live in free Wisconsin, for two years, and he sued for his freedom. The Supreme Court ruled that slaves aren't citizens, and they are property so nobody can be deprived of their property without due process.
Anti-Saloon leagueWorked to close down saloons
Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S.Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
Franklin D. Roosevelt elected
Focused on working men. Established over 5,000 chapters across the nation
Mandated fair congressional districts
Engel vs. VitaleProhibited prayers in school
Henry Clay's American system
Counter cultureA movement, mostly among young people who cast off societal restraint with rebellious clothing and experimental drug use
Declaratory actParliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Pequot warPequot tribe vs connecticut settlers. Started witht eh murder of 2 english traders. It was part of a larger dispute over trade
joint-stock company
Marbury vs. MadisonOn his way out of office, John Adams appointed 16 new judges. Jefferson refused to deliver some of these appointments. The Supreme Court established judicial review.
Self-determination Act of 1975Gave Native Americans much greater control over their lands, education, and law enforcement
Kansas-Nebraska act
Great depression
Espionage Act of 1917Anyone who tried to incite rebellion or obstruct the draft would go to prison
Agreement with Britain that removed military ships from the great lakes.
fourteen points
Whiskey rebellionviolent tax protest from 1791-1794.
the whiskey was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by president Washington to pay for the war. It unfairly burdened poor farmers west of the Appalachian mountains because they couldn't do business anymore
Espionage Act of 1917
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Dutch WedgeNew Netherlands separated England's northern and southern colonies, until they just took it with very little resistance
How would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
Louisiana purchaseNapoleon needed money to quell the Haitian revolution, so he sold the Louisiana territory, and Jefferson bought. This was controversial because the constitution didn't specify how to add territory to the union.
When coal miners began to strike, Roosevelt stepped in to negotiate what he called a 'square deal' for both the workers and the corperation
Parliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Ghost dance movementnationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Democratic RepublicansWeak national government
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Puritan cultureFamily seen as foundation of social fabric
Ruled that federal law trumps state law
Indentured ServantsColonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
Connecticut compromiseCongress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Interstate commerce act
Compromise of 1850California and New Mexico wanted to enter the union as free states.
Henry Clay created compromise: New Mexico and Utah would vote on slavery, California would be admitted as a free state, Slavery would be banned in Washington D.C., and there would be a new fugitive slave act
Texan independenceAmericans had been settling in Texas since the 1820s. The southerners outnumbered actual Mexicans and had brought their slaves. The Mexican government outlawed slavery and mandated catholicism.
XYZ affairFrench and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Scopes Monkey trialIn Tennessee it was illegal to teach Darwin's theory of evolution to children. A teacher was arrested for teaching it to his class. In the end, the conviction was thrown out on a technicality.
RailroadsMassive extension of the railroad system created a truly national market for goods
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
Expansion of democracyVoting rights were expanded to all white males
Established many precedents for the office of the president. Created a cabinet-style government, appointed cabinet officials based on merit, and stepped down after 2 terms
Stamp act
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Monroe doctrineEstablished the western hemisphere as a U.S.-dominated sphere of influence without European involvement.
Voting Rights Act of 1965Prohibited racial discrimination in the voting booth
Woodrow Wilson's Triple wall of privilege
March on WashingtonHundreds of thousands gathered for a peaceful protest in front of the lincoln memorial. MLK gave his 'I have a dream' speech