McCulloch vs Maryland
Ruled that federal law trumps state law
Harlem Renaissance
Black artists and performers developed a distinct art that grew out of the black experience
White supremacy
System that took slaves to the New World to work for the Spanish. Required that a tax be paid to the Spanish ruler for each slave brought over.
British beliefs after 7 years war
They viewed the colonies as subordinates. They had spent billions on defending them, and thought they'd want to help pay the debt.
First contested election in American history, won by John Adams (Washington's vice president)
March on Washington
Roosevelt began enforcing the act more strictly and dismantled over 40 large companies (only bad trusts)
Views on immigration
Feared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Black Panthers
Advocated violence when necessary in defense of black rights
Compromise of 1820
Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Explained the boredom and imprisonment of the typical housewife who was beholden to the needs of her family at the expense of her own needs. Argued that women should seek fulfilment and careers as well.
Tenure of Office Act
Second great awakening
Compromise of 1850
California and New Mexico wanted to enter the union as free states.
Henry Clay created compromise: New Mexico and Utah would vote on slavery, California would be admitted as a free state, Slavery would be banned in Washington D.C., and there would be a new fugitive slave act
Connecticut compromise
Congress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Zimmermann telegram
Raised import duties up to 50%. Supported by industrial northerners and hated by southerners who relied on imports
Tallmadge amendment
Would prohibit slavery in Missouri if it was admitted into the union
Democratic Republicans
Weak national government
Black codes
Restricted the civil rights of african americans in the south. Made it harder to vote, own property, even banned them from testifying against white people
The great migration
Over 1.5 million African Americans moved north in search of economic opportunities created by the war effort and an escape from southern discrimination
Spanish colonization
Puritan culture
Family seen as foundation of social fabric
Mass culture
The growing popularity of technologies like movies and the radio meant that everyone was listening to the same things, which helped create a more unified culture and distinct identity
Cold war
Interstate commerce act
Required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S.
Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
