French colonization
Expanding the fur trade, later plantations in Louisiana
Pure food and drug act
Ensured Americans were eating safe and uncontaminated food
Wilson created many wartime agencies to coordinate the war. They encouraged Americans to ration resources and food, took control of railroads, and revitalized industries, causing more urban migration.
Indian appropriation act
congress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Secret ballot
Philippines
Teddy Roosevelt sent an American fleet to attack the Spanish colony. They staged a ground invasion in collaboration with Filipino nationalists and overthrew the Spanish, before buying it from them
Kansas-Nebraska act
divided Nebraska territory into 2 sections, Kansas and Nebraska. Put slavery to a vote in each new state. Effectively overturned the Missouri compromise!
War hawkes
Younger Americans who had been born after the revolution, were ardent nationalists, and wanted war with Britain to invade Florida and Canada.
Germany resumed sinking passenger ships two years later
Enforcing the Sherman Anti-trust Act
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Andrew Carnegie
Pioneered vertical integration, where one company controls every stage of the manufacturing process
A new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Indentured Servants
Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
Laissez-faire economics
Brown v. Board of education
The Supreme Court ruled that segregated schools were inherently unequal and schools had to be integrated. Overturned plessy v. Ferguson from 1896
American federation of labor
Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Marshall plan
The extensive economic aid plan to rebuild the European economy and encourage democracy
Black codes
Restricted the civil rights of african americans in the south. Made it harder to vote, own property, even banned them from testifying against white people
All African Americans were citizens of the United States
National Grange movement
Red Scare
Anti-german sentiment shifted to anti-communist sentiment as people feared communist infiltration from Russia
Election of 1824
The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
Connecticut compromise
Congress would have 2 houses, one with equal representation and one with population based representation.
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Praying towns
Towns in new england where native Americans were forced to live. They we're supposed to be for their protection, but really, it was to steal their land and convert them to christianity
Chinese exclusion act
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Women who rejected stereotypical gender roles by drinking and smoking and having short hair
Failures of the articles of confederation
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
