Articles of confederationLooked to balance national coordination and states rights to prevent tyranny. It featured a unicameral legislature, but the federal government had no money and no military
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Southern baptistsSplit from the rest of the baptist church because the northern baptists were abolitionists
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
civic virtue
Rush-Bagot pact
Declaration of Independence
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Johnathan EdwardsTheologian and philosopher who objected to predestination and helped cause the first great awakening by preaching to large crowds
Compromise of 1820Bring in Missouri and Maine at the same time to keep the balance of power. Also limited slavery above a certain latitude.
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Effects of the War of 1812Confirmed ability of a Republican Government to defend itself. Americans completed conquest of everything east of the Mississippi. War broke remaining indigenous power, and white settlers poured in to former native lands.
Panic of 1819First major recession in the United States
French revolutionAmbassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
Voting rights were expanded to all white males
Split within the Democratic-Republican partyExpansive view of federal power & loose constructionists
The Feminine MystiqueExplained the boredom and imprisonment of the typical housewife who was beholden to the needs of her family at the expense of her own needs. Argued that women should seek fulfilment and careers as well.
The new south
Jefferson policy on indigenous AmericansHe favored removing them to reservations beyond the Mississippi if they refused to "civilize" themselves. Some unified and began violently resisting with help from the British
Wilson created many wartime agencies to coordinate the war. They encouraged Americans to ration resources and food, took control of railroads, and revitalized industries, causing more urban migration.
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
Pequot tribe vs connecticut settlers. Started witht eh murder of 2 english traders. It was part of a larger dispute over trade
Lexington and ConcordeBritish troops marched to take a militia's weapons. They we're beaten back and chased back to boston by militia minutemen
Anyone who tried to incite rebellion or obstruct the draft would go to prison
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
N.O.W.Advocated for women's rights using many of the same tactics as the civil rights movement
American imperialismIdeas about expansion and manifest destiny were engrained into the American identity. America purchased Alaska in 1867.
authorized the president to deport "aliens" and permitted their arrest imprisonment and deportation during war time
2nd Continental Congress
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
NAWSA
Anti-german sentiment shifted to anti-communist sentiment as people feared communist infiltration from Russia
After WWII there was a massive movement of decolonization throughout the world. Many of these new nations were unstable and needed aid, creating perfect conditions for proxy wars
18th amendment passed
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Debates over moneyFarmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
Hamilton's financial plan1) Establish the U.S. credit worthiness 2) Unify the states' debt 3) Create a national bank 4) Whiskey tax to pay for the revolution 5) Establish tariffs to protect american businesses
Teddy Roosevelt progressivismBelieved the president should set the legislative agenda for Congress. He led congress to pass a series of laws on consumer protection and enviornmental conservation
Upton Sinclair
the Compromise of 1790Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
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Election of 1824The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
Ida B. WellsEditor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
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Charles FinneyNew york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
They didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
Her refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger, and subsequent arrest sparked a massive bus boycott
The areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Federalists met in opposition to the war of 1812, and even argued that new england should suceed.
Jefferson's presidencyHe himself owned hundreds of slaves. He banned the importation of slaves. Once the Atlantic trade dried up, domestic trade increased, creating the second middle passage
Anti-german sentiment shifted to anti-communist sentiment as people feared communist infiltration from Russia
National Grange movement
Failures of the articles of confederationFrance and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Civil Rights Act of 1964Made discrimination on the basis of race, religion, or sex illegal
Reconstruction actsDivided the south into 5 zones under military occupation. Increased requirements for rejoining (also ratify 14th amendment and have universal suffrage)
Split within the Democratic-Republican partyExpansive view of federal power & loose constructionists
French revolutionAmbassador from France came to America to encourage Americans to side with the French. Washington declared neutrality, but the ambassador remained in America to not get beheaded back home.
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The New Jersey planThe plan for representation favored by small states. It called for 1 house of Congress with each state getting equal representation.
Mass culture
Civil rights act of 1866
American federation of labor
Marshall planThe extensive economic aid plan to rebuild the European economy and encourage democracy
Great railroad strikeRailroad companies cut salaries due to a recession. Railroad workers went on strike in 11 states. When the strike got violent, 11 people were killed before President Hayes sent in federal troops
FederalistsStrong national government
Age of passionPolitics was very negative with the rise of political parties, political violence, and deep political divisions