New dealPublic works administration: employed people to work on infrastructure projects
Tennessee Valley Authority: Hired people to control power plants and control flooding
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Changes in farmingA new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
George WhitefieldA staunch Calvinist who began preaching outdoors in England. He moved to the colonies in 1740. In 2 years he was able to speak to over a quarter of the American population
John BrownLed a small raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry. His goal was to arm the southern slave population and incite a slave rebellion
Anaconda planPlan to completely cut off the south by blockading southern ports and eventually the Mississippi river
British beliefs after 7 years war
Virtual representationThe idea that each representative in parliament represented the empire as a whole, and therefore, the colonies were represented.
Pequot tribe vs connecticut settlers. Started witht eh murder of 2 english traders. It was part of a larger dispute over trade
Baker vs. CarrMandated fair congressional districts
Marshall planThe extensive economic aid plan to rebuild the European economy and encourage democracy
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
Johnathan EdwardsTheologian and philosopher who objected to predestination and helped cause the first great awakening by preaching to large crowds
Ida B. WellsEditor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
18th amendment passed
XYZ affairFrench and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Anne HutchinsonA Puritan woman who was well learned that disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority.
Her refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger, and subsequent arrest sparked a massive bus boycott
Red Scare
Brown v. Board of education
Pure food and drug act
Palmer raidsThe AG tasked FBI Director Hoover to gather information on suspected communists and led to mass arrests and deportations
Election of 1800Rematch between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. The Democratic republicans had finally figured out how to campaign in the media, and the Federalists were seen as elitist
Dawes actBroke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
White supremacyWhite supremacy continued to dominate. Secret societies continued to terrorize African Americans (and Catholics, jews, and immigrants)
President Jefferson established an embargo on foreign trade in retaliation for Britain and France attacks on American ships.
Nat turners rebellion
MuckrakersInvestigative journalists who exposed the underbelly of corruption rampant in American.
Annapolis conventionSecret meeting between delegates of 6 states to discuss how to fix the articles of confederation
The new southIdea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
All African Americans were citizens of the United States
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Second great awakening
Brown v. Board of educationThe Supreme Court ruled that segregated schools were inherently unequal and schools had to be integrated. Overturned plessy v. Ferguson from 1896
From 1820 to 1840 nearly 2 million immigrants (mainly from Germany and Ireland) showed up
White supremacy
Election of 1800
Progressive's concernsRising power of big businesses
Uncertainties in the economy
Violence between labor groups and employers
Influence of political machines
Jim Crow segregation
Rights of women
Mexican-American warDisputes over the Texas border sparked the conflict. American troops made it all the way to Mexico city.
Farmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
the Compromise of 1790Jefferson and Hamilton agreed to pass Hamilton's financial plan in exchange for making Washington D.C. the Capital of the country
Wanted to keep Germany weak so they wouldn't pose a threat.
Wanted to extract reparations for all the damage Germany had caused
Flappers
Jay treaty
Hola
XYZ affair
Franklin D. Roosevelt electedBelieved in active government and he grew the government more than any president before him.
Populist partyWanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Charles FinneyNew york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
Puritan culture
The divisions within the Democratic-Republican party led them to choose 4 candidates, while Jackson's populist campaign won the popular vote, no candidate won enough electoral votes. Adams and Clay made a deal and the house voted for Adams.
Advocated for women's rights using many of the same tactics as the civil rights movement
Louisiana purchase
New American identityNoah Webster's dictionary standardized the spelling and pronunciation of American language
Colonial attitude towards independence
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
Scopes Monkey trial
Election of 1844James k. Polk was a big believer in manifest destiny. He got the Oregon territory and started the Mexican-American River.
Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S.Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
Palmer raidsThe AG tasked FBI Director Hoover to gather information on suspected communists and led to mass arrests and deportations