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Parallel Structure
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Having the same word patterns pop up in one sentence
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Asyndeton
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Omitting conjunctions
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Polysyndeton
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Using the same conjunction lots of times
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Anaphora
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Repeating word patterns in front, across sentences.
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Epistrophe
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Repeating word patterns in the back, across sentences.
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Chaismus
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A statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed
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Exact Rhyme
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Uses words with identical end sound
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Inexact/Slant Rhyme
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It is defined as a rhyme in which the stressed syllables of the ending consonants match, but the vowels do not.
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End Rhyme
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A word at the end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line
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Internal Rhyme
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A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line
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Assonance
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Repetition of vowel sounds
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Consonance
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Repetition of consonant sounds
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Scansion
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The process of marking lines of poetry to show the type of feet and the number of feet they contain
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Blank Verse
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Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter
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Free Verse
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Poetry that does not conform to a regular meter or rhyme scheme
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Sonnet
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a poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes, in English typically having ten syllables per line.
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Shakespeare Sonnet
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The sonnet form composed of three quatrains and a final couplet written in iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg
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Couplet
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Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme
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Tercet
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three line stanza
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Quatrain
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A four line stanza
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Quintet
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a five line stanza
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Sestet
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six line stanza
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Octave
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8 line stanza
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Spenserian
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A sonnet form composed of three quatrains and a couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme abab bcbc cdcd ee.
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Connotation
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an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.
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Denotation
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The dictionary definition of a word
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Tone
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Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character
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Mood
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Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the readers
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Atmosphere
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Feeling or atmosphere that writer creates for the characters
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Caesurae
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Caesuras (or caesurae) are those slight pauses one makes as one reads verse.
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Juxtaposition
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Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts
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Litotes
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A form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite; antenantiosis or moderatour
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Metonymy
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A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it
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Parallelism
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similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses
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Paradox
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A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.
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Syntax
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The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.
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Synecdoche
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a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa
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Diction
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A writer's or speaker's choice of words
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Euphemism
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An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant
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Apostrophe
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A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.
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Extended Metaphor
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A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.
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Syllogism
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A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.
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Antithesis
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the direct opposite, a sharp contrast
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Ellipsis
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three periods (...) indicating the omission of words in a thought or quotation
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Verbal irony
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A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant
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Situational Irony
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An outcome that turns out to be very different from what was expected
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Dramatic Irony
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when a reader is aware of something that a character isn't
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Oxymoron
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A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.
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Personification
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A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes
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Pun
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A play on words
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Homophones
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These are words that are pronounced the same, but have different meanings.
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Balanced Sentences
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a sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast
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Denouement
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the final part of a play, movie, or narrative in which the strands of the plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved.
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Damning with faint praise
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(fallacy) attacking a person by formally praising him/her, but for an achievement that should not be praised
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Colloquial
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Characteristic of ordinary conversation rather than formal speech or writing
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Digression
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a temporary departure from the main subject in speech or writing
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Epiphany
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A moment of sudden revelation or insight
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Motif
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(n.) a principal idea, feature, theme, or element; a repeated or dominant figure in a design
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Pedantry
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(n.) a pretentious display of knowledge; overly rigid attention to rules and details
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Syllepsis
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a construction in which one word is used in two different senses ("After he threw the ball, he threw a fit.")
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Anticlimax
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a disappointing end to an exciting or impressive series of events
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Synaesthesia
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the use of one kind of sensory experience to describe another
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Syncope
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cutting short of words through omission of a letter or syllable. Ev'ry for every.
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