|
|
Adenine
|
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Thymine
|
Antiparallel Orientation
|
The opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix
|
Base Pairing Rules
|
In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine while Guanine pairs with Cytosine
|
Chargaff's Rule
|
There are equal amounts of Adenine to Thymine and Guanine to Cytosine
|
Chromosome
|
Thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of most living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes
|
Cytosine
|
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Guanine
|
DNA
|
Molecule that carries genetic information
|
Gene
|
They are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for building proteins, which are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's cells, tissues, and organs
|
Guanine
|
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Cytosine
|
Hydrogen Bonding
|
Attractive force between a hydrogen molecule covalently bonded to an electronegative molecule
|
mRNA
|
Messenger RNA is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm
|
Nucleic Acids
|
Organic molecules that play essential roles regarding genetic information
|
Nucleotides
|
Building blocks of DNA and RNA
|
Purines
|
One of two types of nitrogenous bases, it is characterized by their two fused rings. The two bases are adenine and guanine
|
Pyrimidines
|
One of the two types of nitrogenous bases, They are characterized by a six-membered ring structure composed of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms.The two bases are thymine and cytosine.
|
RNA
|
A molecule that is essential for the expression of genetic information encoded in DNA and serves as a mediator between DNA and proteins.
|
rRNA
|
Ribosomal RNA is a structural part of ribosomes
|
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone
|
Forms the structural framework of nucleic acids
|
Thymine
|
One of the four nitrogenous bases, it pairs with Adenine in DNA.
|
tRNA
|
Transfer RNA transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis
|
Uracil
|
One of the four nitrogenous bases, it pairs with Adenine in RNA.
|